高考英语阅读理解推理判断题答题技巧及专项训练Word下载.docx
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对于细节推断题来说，根据文章中的关键信息点进行推断是解答此类试题的关键。
考生不但要理解文章的字面含义，还要运用逻辑判断能力，推断出文章更深层的含义。
同时还要根据文章内容进行推断，不能凭空猜测。
考生要注意站在文章作者或文中人物的立场上，设身处地地考虑实际情景，并据此展开合理的想象和推理。
主观臆断是许多考生做这类题时普遍存在的一个问题。
二、作者态度或观点的推断类型题目考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度。
要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。
该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词：
①中性词：
uninterested（不感兴趣的），neutral（中立的），indifferent（漠不关心的）等；
②褒义词：
positive（积极的），supportive（支持的），humorous（滑稽有趣的），enthusiastic（热情的），admiring（赞赏的）等；
③贬义词：
disgusted（厌恶的），critical（批评的），negative（否定的，消极的），disappointed（失望的）等。
三、写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图。
作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。
这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。
判断文章的写作目的时一定要对文章主题有正确的把握；
阅读时务必找准文章的主旨句，准确归纳文章主题。
四、推测文章的来源或者推测读者对象类题目要求考生本身要具备一定的常识，这样才能把文章的内容与自己已经具备的常识结合起来作出准确推断。
比如考生要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等有基本的了解，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，选出最佳答案。
推断文章出处类题目应从文章的内容或结构入手。
从文章的内容上来看，主要有说明文（主要涉及广告和旅游指南等）、议论文（主要涉及影评、书评、新闻评论、正反对比议论文等）。
从文章的结构上来看,新闻报道类文章一般在第一段概括全文内容，后面陈述细节，前面都会出现日期、地点或通讯社等名称。
广告的格式特殊，语言简练。
产品说明会出现产品名称或操作方式等。
网站文章通常会出现click，online,web，website，video等字眼，有时还会提供网址等。
旅游指南类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
推理判断（infer）题必须把握住的一个原则是：
正确选项必须是由文中事实推断出的另一个正确的事实，必须是notdirectlystatedinthepassage.
专项训练题：
A
（2015·
重庆一中一诊）Basedonnewanalysis，wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears，currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotter，forcinganimalstomigrate（迁徙）north.
Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintense.Ifthechangescometooquickly，animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.
AccordingtoScienceDaily，anewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100，manyoftoday’sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday’sworld.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefarreachingconsequencesforthewholeworld.Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2004，aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008，thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquake.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2010byyetanothermassiveearthquake.
Withinjustthelastfewmonths，newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispoint，itdoesn’tmatterwhatiscausingit，butrather，whatcanbedoneaboutit.What’smore，ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.Thereiswarandthreatofwareverywhere.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.
However，otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.
1．WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?
A．Toarousethereader’sconcern.
B．Tointroducethethemeofthewholepassage.
C．Tosummarizethewholepassage.
D．Tostatehowclimatechanges.
2．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?
A．Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.
B．Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.
C．Toshowthedamageearthquakescaused.
D．Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture.
3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofclimatechanges’effects?
A．Animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.
B．Itcouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.
C．Currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandcompletelydisappear.
D．Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.
4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A．Animalsandplantswon’tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.
B．There’senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechange.
C．Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.
D．Theearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechange.
B
扬州、南通、连云港市第二次调研考试）Consumerseverywherearefacedwiththesamedilemma：
givenlimitedresources，whatsortsofpurchasesaremostlikelytoproducelastinghappinessandsatisfaction?
Recentresearchhasconfirmedthatexperientialpurchasestendtoproducegreaterhedonic（享乐的）gainsthanmaterialpurchases.
Thereasonwhyexperiencesimprovewithtimemaybebecauseitispossibletothinkaboutexperiencesinamoreabstractmannerthanpossessions.Forexample，ifyouthinkbacktoafantasticsummerfromyouryouth，youmighteasilyrememberanabstractsenseofwarmsunshineandyouthfulexuberance（生气勃勃），butyou’relesslikelytorememberexactlywhatyoudiddaybyday.
Materialpossessionsarehardertothinkaboutinanabstractsense.Thecaryouboughtisstillacar，thatgreatnewjacketyoupickedupcheapisstilljustajacket.It’smorelikelytheexperienceofthatsummerhastakenonasymbolicmeaningthatcanlivelongerinyourmemorythanapossession.
Purchasingmayhaveanegativeimpactonhappinessbecauseconsumersoftenbuy“joyless”materialpossessions，resultingincomfortbutnotpleasure.Ingeneral，peopleadapttoexperiencesmoreslowlythantomaterialpurchase.Thiscanbeseeninbothnegativeandpositivepurchases：
hedonicadaptationwouldresultinapositiveexperiencecausingmorehappinessbutanegativeexperiencecausinglesshappinessthanthecomparablematerialpurchasewiththesameinitialhappinesslevel.
Experience，however，seemstobemoreresistanttothesesortsofunfavourablecomparisons.Itisbecauseoftheuniquenatureofexperience.It’smoredifficulttomakeanunfavourablecomparisonwhenthereisnothingdirectlycomparable.Afterall，eachofouryouthfulsummersisdifferent.
It’swellestablishedthatsocialcomparisonscanhaveahugeeffectonhowweviewwhatmightseemlikepositiveevents.Onestrikingexampleisthefindingthatpeopleprefertoearn$50，000ayearwhileeveryoneelseearns$25，000，insteadofearning$100，000themselvesandhavingotherpeopleearn$200，000.
Asimilareffectisseenforpossessions.WhentherearesomanyflatscreenHDTVstochoosefrom，it’seasytomakeunfavourablecomparisonsbetweenourchoiceandtheothersavailable.
5．Anabstractsenseinthepassagereferstoawarenessofsomething________．
A．youcannotthinkabout
B．youcan’trememberwell
C．youcannotunderstand
D．youcannotseeortouch
6．Ifyoumakeanexperientialpurchasebeforeamaterialpurchase，youmaygoto________．
A．atheatrebeforegoingtoastore
B．anexhibitionbeforegoingtoapark
C．amallbeforegoingtoagrocer’s
D．amarketbeforegoingtoarestaurant
7．Theexampleofearningsisgiventoactuallyindicate________．
A．howridiculouspeopleare
B．howpeoplefeelcontent
C．hownearsightedpeopleare
D．howpeopleholdprejudice
8．Itisimpliedinthepassagethat，aftertheirmaterialpurchases，peoplemight________．
A．enjoytheirownershipofwhattheyhavebought
B．pickeveryfaultintheproductstheyhavegot
C．regretmakingawrongdecisiontobuytheitems
D．leavewhatthey’vepurchaseduntouchedathome
C
扬州、南通、连云港市第二次调研考试）
DearTextualHealing，
Iwouldbeveryinterestedinyourrecommendationsforanybookstohelpmethroughadifficulttimeofmylife.At57，Iamfeelingabitlost.Ihaveawonderful，lovinghusbandandbright，caringteenagedaughterbutIamlonelyandhavelostmysparkforlife.
Ihavealwaystakencareofeveryoneandmanagedacareer，but，afterthedeathofmyfatherthissummer，mydifficultiesasachildinaterriblyabnormalfamilyhavecomebacktomeregularly.Ihavebecomeunfocusedandoftenalonewhilemyhusbandisawayfrequentlyonbusinessandmydaughterbusywithschoolandfriends.
IamseekingthehelpofatherapistandtakingcareofmyselfbutIwouldlovetoreadsomethingtohelpme“getmygroove（理想状况）back”andreengagewithlife.
PC
DearPC，
Fromtheletteryou’vegivenusaboutyourlife，it’snowonderyou’refeelingalittlelost.Butbeforeprescribingtitlestohelpyougetyourgrooveback，I’drecommendtakingajourneyintoRebeccaSolnit’snonfictionbook，AFieldGuidetoGettingLost，whichispackedwiththewisdomofeveryonefromPatBarkertoThoreauandKeats.
ThewordlostisrootedintheOldNorse“los”，meaningthedisbandingofanarmy.“Thisoriginsuggestssoldiersfallingoutofformationtogohome，ceasingfightingwiththewideworld.Iworrynowthatmanypeopleneverdisbandtheirarmies，nevergobeyondwhattheyknow，”Solnitwrites.Soinsteadoffearingthatlostfeeling，tryseeingitspotentialfordiscovery.Explorers，remember，arealwayslostsimplybecausethey’reforeversomeplacenew.
“Leavethedooropenfortheunknown，thedoorintothedark，”Solnitadvises.“That’swherethemostimportantthingscomefrom，whereyouyourselfcamefrom，andwhereyouwillgo.”
Forsomethingthatasksalittlelessofthereaderwhilestillgivingplentyinreturn，tryadose（一剂）ofAnneTyler，thebelovedcreatorofnumerousheroeswhoseseriousconditionswillmoveanyonewhofindsthemselvesinamidlifedifficultsituation.Onesuchcharacteris53yearoldRebeccaDavitch，theheroineofBackWhenWeWereGrownups.Like
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