4.高中英语语法之定语从句专项练习题Word文档格式.doc
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备注
关系代词
who
人
主语，宾语
Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?
whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom
宾语
Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking
Theboy（whom）sheloveddiedinthewar.
whose
人，物
定语
Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.
Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismyclassmate.
that
Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.
Sheisthepopstar（that）Iwanttoseeverymuch.
which
物
Thebook（which）Igaveyouwasworth$10.
Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.
as
Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.
ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.
as做宾语一般不省略
例如：
（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）
①Doyouknowtheprofessorwho/thatwillgiveusaspeechnextweek?
（作主语）
②Ireadareportabouthisnewnovelthat/whichwillsoonbepublished.（作主语）
③Theplanthat/whichtheyarguedaboutwassettledatlast.（作宾语）
④Thisisthenewsecretary（who/whom/that）Iwouldliketointroducetoyou.（作宾语）
⑤Thesoldierwhoselegswerebadlywoundedwasoperatedonwithoutdelay.（作定语）
注意：
关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。
（见上例③④）
（二）关系代词that代替which的一些情况
which,that在代替物时，一般可以通用。
但在有些情况下，只用that。
⑴先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。
①Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.
②Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.
⑵先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。
①Thisisthelastplace（that）Iwanttovisit.
②ItisthefirstAmericanmovieofthiskindthatI’veeverseen.
⑶先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等代词时。
①Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.
②Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.
⑷先行词前面有theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all,much,every等修饰时。
①Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.
②Thelittlemoney（that）hehadwasstolen.
（三）宜用who,而不用that的一些情况
⑴先行词是one,ones,anyone时。
①Onewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.
②Don’ttellanyoneaboutthenewswhooughtn’ttoknowit.
⑵先行词是those时。
①Thosewhowerenotfitfortheirworkcouldnotseethebeautifulclothesmadeofthemagiccloth.
（四）其它情况
⑴先行词既有人又有物时。
①Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?
②Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunoveranoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.
⑵主句已有疑问词who或which时。
①Whichisthebikethatyoulost?
②Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?
（五）与whose有关的问题
⑴whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。
①Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.
②Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.
⑵当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用ofwhich的形式。
①Thebuildingwhoseroofyoucanseefromhereisanewrestaurant.
→Thebuilding,theroofofwhichyoucanseefromhere,isanewrestaurant.或
→Thebuilding,ofwhichtheroofyoucanseefromhereisanewrestaurant.
三、介词前提的问题
关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。
Haveyouseenthepen（which）Iwrotethenotewithjustnow?
（which作介词with的宾语）
→HaveyouseenthepenwithwhichIwrotethenotejustnow?
但是，要注意的是：
⑴介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。
⑵介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。
⑶有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：
lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。
①错误：
Whoistheoldmantothatyouweretalkingto?
正确：
Whoistheoldmantowhomyouweretalking?
或Whoistheoldman（that/whom）youweretalkingto?
②错误：
Thesearethesheepofwhichtheboytookcare.
Thesearethesheep（which/that）theboytookcareof.
四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。
①Whoistheguythatisreadingoverthere?
②Thenumberofpeoplethataregoingtotheexhibitionisexpectedtobeover25,000.
③Allthatneedstobedonehasbeendone.
④Heisoneofthestudentswhousecomputeralotforstudy.
⑤Timmyistheonlyoneofthepupilsthathasfailedtheexam.
例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。
例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。
that与which,who,whom的用法区别：
情况
用法说明
只用that的情况
1．先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时。
2．先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时
3．先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
4．先行词既指人又指物时
5．先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时
6．句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时
1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.
2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhavebeengivenout.
3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.
4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.
5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.
6.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?
只用which,who,whom的情况
1．在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人
2．在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
3．先行词本身是that时，关系词用which,先行词为those,one,he时多用who。
1.Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.
2.Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.
3.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.
文案大全
高一定语从句专项练习
（1）
1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'
sPalace.
A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich
2.Doyouknowtheman_______?
A.whomIspokeB.towhospoke
C.IspoketoD.thatIspoke
3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.
A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayed
C.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed
4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich
5.Thatistheday______I'
llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
6.Thefactory______we'
llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
7.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthefactory____weareworkingsincethen.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there
8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.
A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshown
C.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked
9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?
A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalked
C.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked
10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich
11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.
A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that
12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.
A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom
13.Isthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?
A.whoB.who'
sC.whichD.whose
14.I'
minterestedin______youhavesaid.
A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which
15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.
A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as
16.Heisn'
tsuchaman______heusedtobe.
A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as
17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.
A.thatB.asC.whomD.what
18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.
A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwent
C.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim
19.Idon'
tlike______asyouread.
A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovels
C.suchnovelsD.samenovels
20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what
21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who
22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.
A.themB.whichC.whomD.who
23.You'
retheonlyperson______I'
veevermet______coulddoit.
A.who;
/B./;
whomC.whom;
/D./;
who
24.Ilostabook,______Ican'
tremembernow.
A.whosetitleB.itstitle
C.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat
25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.
A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichDwhat
26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.it
27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.
A.when;
whichB.which;
when
C.what;
thatD.onwhich;
when
28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.
A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./
29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'
tcometothemeeting.
A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich
30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.
A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafter
C.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter
31.Thereason______hedidn'
tcomewas______hewasill.
A.why;
thatB.that;
why
C.forthat;
hatD.forwhich;
what
32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.
A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who
33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.
A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich
34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.
A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhich
C.bothofthatD.bothofwhich
35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.
A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which
36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it
37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.
A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich
38.Heisnotsu
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