8103941RAC and Oracle Clusterware Best Practices and Starter Kit.docx

8103941RAC and Oracle Clusterware Best Practices and Starter Kit.docx

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8103941RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit

RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（PlatformIndependent）[ID810394.1]

Modified 07-FEB-2012     Type BULLETIN     Status PUBLISHED

InthisDocument

  Purpose

  ScopeandApplication

  RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（PlatformIndependent）

     RACPlatformSpecificStarterKitsandBestPractices

     RACPlatformGenericLoadTestingandSystemTestPlanOutline

     RACcheck-RACConfigurationAuditTool

     Top11ThingstodoNOWtoStabilizeyourRACClusterEnvironment

     DesignConsiderations

     InstallationConsiderations

     PatchingConsiderations

     UpgradeConsiderations

     DatabaseConfigurationConsiderationsforRAC

     DiagnosticsandTroubleshooting

Appliesto:

OracleServer-EnterpriseEdition-Version:

10.2.0.1to11.2.0.3-Release:

10.2to11.2

OracleServer-EnterpriseEdition-Version:

10.2.0.1 to 11.2.0.3   [Release:

10.2to11.2]

Informationinthisdocumentappliestoanyplatform.

Purpose

ThegoaloftheOracleRealApplicationClusters（RAC）seriesofBestPracticeandStarterKitnotesistoprovidecustomerswithquickknowledgetransferofgenericandplatformspecificbestpracticesforimplementing,upgradingandmaintaininganOracleRACsystem.ThisdocumentiscompiledandmaintainedbasedonOracle'sexperiencewithitsglobalRACcustomerbase.

ThisStarterKitisnotmeanttoreplaceorsupplanttheOracleDocumentationset,butrather,itismeantasasupplementtothesame.ItisimperativethattheOracleDocumentationberead,understood,andreferencedtoprovideanswerstoanyquestionsthatmaynotbeclearlyaddressedbythisStarterKit.  

Allrecommendationsshouldbecarefullyreviewedbyyourownoperationsgroupandshouldonlybeimplementedifthepotentialgainasmeasuredagainsttheassociatedriskwarrantsimplementation.Riskassessmentscanonlybemadewithadetailedknowledgeofthesystem,application,andbusinessenvironment.

Aseverycustomerenvironmentisunique,thesuccessofanyOracleDatabaseimplementation,includingimplementationsofOracleRAC,ispredicatedonasuccessfultestenvironment.ItisthusimperativethatanyrecommendationsfromthisStarterKitarethoroughlytestedandvalidatedusingatestingenvironmentthatisareplicaofthetargetproductionenvironmentbeforebeingimplementedintheproductionenvironmenttoensurethatthereisnonegativeimpactassociatedwiththerecommendationsthataremade. 

ScopeandApplication

ThisarticleappliestoallnewandexistingRACimplementationsaswellasRACupgrades.

RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（PlatformIndependent）

RACPlatformSpecificStarterKitsandBestPractices

Whilethisnotefocusesonplatformindependent（generic）RACBestPractices,thefollowingnotescontaindetailedplatformspecificbestpracticesincludingStep-By-Stepinstallationcookbooks. 

Document811306.1 RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（Linux）

Document811280.1 RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（Solaris）

Document811271.1 RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（Windows）

Document811293.1 RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（AIX）

Document811303.1 RACandOracleClusterwareBestPracticesandStarterKit（HP-UX）

RACPlatformGenericLoadTestingandSystemTestPlanOutline

A criticaltaskofanysuccessfulimplementation,particularlymissioncriticalMaximumAvailabilityenvironments,istesting. ForaRACenvironment,testingshouldincludebothloadgenerationandfaultinjectiontesting. Loadtestingwillallowformeasurementofhowthesystemreactsunderheavyloadwhilefaultinjectiontestingwillhelpensurethatthesystemreactsasdesignedwhenthoseinevitablehardwareand/orsoftwarefailuresoccur.  Thefollowingdocumentswillprovideyouwithguidanceinperformingthiscrucialtesting.

Click here foraWhitePaperonavailableRACSystemLoadTestingTools

Click here foraplatformgenericRACSystemTestPlanOutlinefor10gR2and11gR1

Click here foraplatformgenericRACSystemTestPlanOutlinefor11gR2

Thesedocumentsaretobeusedtovalidateyoursystemsetupandconfiguration,andalsoasameanstopracticeresponsesandestablishproceduresincaseofcertaintypesoffailures.

RACcheck-RACConfigurationAuditTool

RACcheckisaRACConfigurationAudittooldesignedtoauditvariousimportantconfigurationsettingswithinRealApplicationClusters（RAC）,OracleClusterware（CRS）,AutomaticStorageManagement（ASM）andGridInfrastructureenvironments.ThisutilityistobeusedtovalidatetheBestPracicesandSuccessFactorsdefinedintheseriesofOracleRealApplicationClusters（RAC）BestPracticeandStarterKitnoteswhicharemaintainedbytheRACAssurancedevelopmentandsupportteams.AtpresentRACchecksupportsLinux（x86andx86_64）,SolaisSPARCandAIX（withthebashshell）platforms.ThosecustomersrunningRAContheRACchecksupportedplatormsarestronglyencouragedtoutilizethistoolidentifypotentialconfigurationissuesthatcouldimpactthestabilityofthecluster. 

Document1268927.1 RACcheck-RACConfigurationAuditTool 

Note:

 OracleisconstantlygeneratingandmaintainingBestPracticesandSuccessFactorsfromtheglobalcustomerbase. AsaresulttheRACcheckutilityisfrequentlyupdatedwiththisinformation. Thatsaid,itisrecommendedthatyouensureyouareusingtheversionofRACcheckpriortoexecution.

Top11ThingstodoNOWtoStabilizeyourRACClusterEnvironment

Asaproactivemeasuretopreventclusterinstabilityduetocommonlyknowissues,theOracleRACProactiveSupportteamhascompiledalistofthetop11issuesthatcanimpactthestabilityofaRACcluster. ThoughalloftheserecommendationsarecontainedwithintheseriesofofBestPracticeandStarterKitnotes,wedostronglyrecommendthefollowingnotebereviewedaswedofeelthesearekeysuccessfactors.

Document1344678.1 Top11ThingstodoNOWtoStabilizeyourRACClusterEnvironment 

DesignConsiderations

ThefollowingDesignConsiderationsaretoprovideguidanceandbestpracticeinformationaroundtheinfrastructure（PlatformIndependent）tosupportanOracleRACimplementation. ThisinformationnotonlypertainstonewinstallationsandupgradebutwillalsoprovideusefulinformationforthosesupportingexistingRACimplementations. 

GeneralDesignConsiderations

∙Tosimplifythestackandsimplifyvendorinteractions,Oraclerecommendsavoiding3rdpartyclusterware,unlessabsolutelynecessary.

∙AutomaticStorageManagement（ASM）isrecommendedfordatabasestorage.AdditionalinformationregardingASMcanbefoundin Document265633.1. 

∙Checkthesupportmatrixtoensuresupportabilityofproduct,versionandplatformcombinationsorforunderstandinganyspecificstepswhichneedtobecompletedwhichareextrainthecaseofsomesuchcombinations. Document337737.1

∙CheckwiththeDiskVendorthattheNumberofNodes,OSversion,RACversion,CRSversion,Networkfabric,andPatchesarecertified,assomeStorage/Sanvendorsmayrequirespecialcertificationforacertainnumberofnodes.

∙Plananddocumentcapacityrequirements.Workwithservervendortoproducedetailedcapacityplanandsystemconfiguration,butconsider:

UsenormalcapacityplanningprocesstoestimatenumberofCPUsrequiredtorunworkload.BothSMPandRACclustershavesynchronizationcostsasthenumberofCPUsincrease.SMPsnormallyscalewellforsmallnumberofCPUs,RACclustersnormallyscalebetterthanSMPsforlargenumberofCPUs.Typicalsynchronizationcost:

5-20%.

∙Eliminateanysinglepointsoffailureinthearchitecture.Examplesinclude（butarenotlimitedto）:

Clusterinterconnectredundancy（NICbondingetc）,multipleaccesspathstostorage,using2ormoreHBA'sorinitiatorsandmultipathingsoftware,andDiskmirroring/RAID. Additionaldetailsarefoundinthesubsequentsections.

∙UseprovenMaximumAvailabilitystrategies.RACisonecomponentintheoverallMaximumAvailabilityArchitecture.ReviewOracle'sMaximumAvailabilityArchitectureblueprintfoundat  

∙Havingasystemtestplantohelpplanforandpracticeunplannedoutagesiscrucial.ThefollowingpaperdiscussesBestPracticesforOptimizingAvailabilityDuringUnplannedOutagesUsingOracleClusterwareandOracleRealApplicationClusters:

Inaddition,thisnotehasanattachedsampleSystemTestPlanOutline,toguideyoursystemtestingtohelpprepareforpotentialunplannedfailures.

∙ItisstronglyadvisedthataproductionRACinstancedoesnotshareanodewithaDEV,TEST,QAorTRAININGinstance.Theseextrainstancescanoftenintroduceunexpectedperformancechangesintoaproductionenvironment. Alongthesamelines,itishighlyrecommendedthattestingenvironmentsmirrorproductionenvironmentsascloselyaspossible.

∙Havingastep-by-stepplanforyourRACprojectimplementationisinvaluable.ThefollowingOTNarticlecontainsasampleprojectoutline:

∙AvoidSETTINGORA_CRS_HOMEenvironmentvariable（onallplatforms）.SettingthisvariablecancauseproblemsforvariousOraclecomponents,anditisnevernecessaryforCRSprogramsbecausetheyallhavewrapperscripts. 

NetworkingConsiderations

∙Underscoresarenotbeusedinahostordomainnameaccordingto RFC952 -DoD