大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟325.docx

大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟325.docx

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大学英语考试复习资料大学六级模拟325

[大学英语考试复习资料]大学六级模拟325

大学六级模拟325

PartⅠWriting

问题:

1.

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionwiththetitleofAHarmoniousCyberspace,givinganintroductionoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthecyberspace,andsomemeasurestosolvetheproblem.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

答案:

AHarmoniousCyberspace

TheadventoftheInternetusheredinaneweraofinterpersonalcommunicationsandbusinessoperations.Itprovidesavehiclefornetizenstoshop,search,publishblogsandbrowseWebpages.

ArangeofproblemslurkingbehindthefrenzyofInternetimpressivelystandout.AvastmajorityofInternetusers'mailboxesaresaturatedwithjunkmails.Pornwebsiteslureagrowingnumberofyoungpeople'svisits.Falsenewsviathee-mail,BBSandchatroomincreasinglyposesathreattothesocialprosperityandstability.

Tocrackthemdown,weshouldpushforamoreeffectivelytoughlaw.Weshouldjoinourforcestolaunchanation-widecampaign,includingimposingstiffpenaltiesonspammers,shuttingdownorblockingtheunhealthysitesandintroducingareal-nameregistrationsystemtogetridoffalsemessages.Wecanfullybelievethatourcombinedeffortswillreaprewards.Acleancyberspacewillpaintourlivesmorecolorfully.

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1--4,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5--10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

IntelligentTransportSystem

Today,therearemanywaystotravelaroundalargemetropolitanarea,forworkorpleasure.Youcouldwalk,althoughtherangeisadmittedlylow.Youcouldbicycle,butyoustilldoalotofwork,andit'sdangerous.Youcoulddriveacar,whichtakesconcentrationandsobrietyandalicense.Youcouldrideabus,andletsomeoneelsedrive.Youcouldtakeatrain,andletacomputerdriveyou.Oryoucouldfly,andwaitalongtimefortheplanetotakeoffandland.

Allmodesoftransportationhaveadvantages,anddisadvantages.However,inrecentdecades,thesinglesystemthathaswonoverallothersistheprivateautomobile.Thisallowsyoutogofromyourstartingpointtoyourdestinationpoint,withyourcompletecontrol,atareasonablespeedinareasonabletime.Unfortunately,apartfromthepollutantscreatedbythevehicleitself,thefactthatsomanyotherpeopleseemtoenjoyitsperceivedfreedomcausesmajortrafficjams,andtherequirementfortrafficcontroldevices.

Toomanypeopleusingtoolittleroadspaceatthesametimecausestrafficjams.Itismostprofoundonlargegradeseparatedroads,thathavelimitedaccess.Therehavebeenvarioussolutionstriedout,includinghighoccupancyvehiclelanes,rampmetering,orroadwidening.Unfortunately,theysimplydon'tsolvetheproblemoflackofcapacity.

Trafficcontroldevicesimposecertaincontrolsontheflowoftraffic.Mostcommonaretrafficlights.Thesemetertheflowoftrafficbetweentwoormoreroadssothatatnotimeisanyvehicleinconflictwithanyother.However,theyalsoimposethattrafficcomestoacompletestop,requiringvehiclestostopandthenstartagain.Thisnotonlyslowsvehiclesdown,butalsoistheprimecauseofwastedenergyinurbansettings.

Unfortunately,citiesareveryreluctanttospendmoney.Thereforeanyfuturetransportsystemhastobecheapforcities.Thisimpliesthatcurrentinfrastructureiskeptasmuchaspossible,orimproved.Usingroads,theprimeinfrastructureavailabletodaywouldmeantheformfactorforvehicleswouldstaythesame,buteachindividualvehiclecouldbemademoreintelligent.

Sofortomorrow,weneedtodesignatransportsystemthatusesroadsoraveryslightimprovementonroadstoprovideahighcapacitysystemthatprovidesserviceforeveryone.Thiscouldbeachievedbyimplementingthefollowingeightsystems,eachofwhichprovidesmoreofaburdenonthecarmanufacturer,butwouldeventuallyprovideasystem,whichisautomatic,safeandefficient.

Firstly,allcarsshouldhaveintelligencebrakesandcruisecontrol.Thesewouldremovethedriverfromtheresponsibilityofhavingtofollowalongbehindsomebody.Bypressingabutton,thedriverwouldgivecontrolofthedistancebetweenhiscarandthecarinfront.Ifthecarinfrontsloweddown,youwouldnothavetowaitforthebrakelightstolightup,thedrivertoseethem,Wenpressthebrakepedaltherightamount,andcontinuouslymonitorthedistance.Insteadthecarwouldbeprogrammedtocontinuouslymonitorthedistancetothecarinfrontandinstantlyalteritsspeedtomatchandmaintainthedistance.

Byspeedingupthefeedbackcircuit,youcanclosethedistanceofcars,andthereforeincreasethecapacity.Youalsoremovedrivererrorsoreducingthenumberofaccidents.Also,carscouldcommunicatelocallywitheachotherandwareaheadoftimethatfollowingcarsneedtoslowdown.

Next,youneedtoremovethedriverfromtheresponsibilityofsteeringthevehicle.Havingcomplexvisionsystemsonacarseemsoverthetopastheynotonlydramaticallyincreasethecostofthecar,butalsothecomplexityofthecontrolsoftware.Insteadyoucouldbuilddetectorintothefrontofthecarthatdetectthemiddleofalaneoftraffic.Thecarwouldtryandkeepthevehicleinthatlane.Junctionscouldbebuiltbyhavingthecenterlinesplit.Theoperatororrouteplanningsoftwarewoulddecidewhichofthetwoormoresignalstofollow.

Separatinglanesofautomaticcarsfromthosedrivenbyhumansespeciallyonhighspeedhighways,wouldgiveanincentivetonotonlypurchaseanautomaticcarbutalsotopurchasetheroadspacewhichituses.Sincetheseseparatelaneswouldhavenotonlyfastmovingtrafficbutalsosafertraffic,theycouldbemarkedandsoldbycitiestocreatearevenuestreamtoallowthebuildingofmoreaugmentedroads.

Havingadeviceinthecarthatdoesrouteplanningisagreathelpforpeoplewhodon'tknowthewayaroundyourcity.Butwhatifyoulivedinthecityformanyyears?

It'snotgoingtobethatmuchuse,isit?

Bylinkingrouteplanningwithrealtimeinformationontrafficlevelsinthecity,youcanquicklydivertyourjourneytousethemostefficientroads.Thisinformationcouldberelayedtovehiclesusingbroadcastradio.Roadsidesensorsthatdeterminetheflowoftrafficonaroadwoulddetectthespeeds.

Theabilitytoremovetheparkingrequirementsfromnearabuildingwouldallowmorecompactcities,whicharebetterpedestrianenvironments.However,peopledon'tliketowalkfromaparkingstructurethatisalongwayfromtheirdestination.Thesolutionistoallowthecartodropoffthepassengerswhererequiredandthendriveitselftothenearestparkingstructurethatisknowntohaveaspace.

Byautomaticallycontrollingthespeedandlocationofalltraffic,youcan'makejunctionsworkveryefficiently.Atthemoment,sometraffichastostop,andwhenitresumes,thecarsspreadoutintoalargedispersevolume.Insteadyoucouldmoveeachgroupofcarsasapacket,adjustingitsspeedsothatitarrivesatanintersectionatjusttherighttimesothatitneverhastostop.Thiscouldbeachievedbychangingthespeedofasectionofroadsothosecarsslowdowngradually.Thespeedsofroadsegmentswouldbesetbynearbyjunctioncomputerseachlinkedtotheother.Thiswouldcreateaholistictrafficcontrolsystem.Ifonesectionlostpower,thesystemwouldreverttoanormaljunction.

Whenagroupofpeoplemovefromonelocationtoanother,itwouldmakesensetoallowthemtotraveltogetherinsteadofhavingtoeachuseaseparatevehicle.Ondemandgrouptransportwouldallowtherequestofalargevehiclewhichcanautomaticallymovepeoplefromonelocationtoanother.Thesevehicleswouldbestoredatstrategiclocations,andthensenttotherequestingsiteasquicklyaspossible.Vehiclescouldbebookedinadvance,andyoupaybythetimeusedinminutes,notthedistancetraveledordestination.

Attheotherendisthereplacementofthetaxi.Thiswouldbesimilartothegrouptransportbutforsmallergroups.Againthesevehicleswouldbestoredatstrategiclocations,sothatpeopledon'thavetowaitverylong.Againtheyarehiredbytheminuteofuse.Sinceyouarenolongerrequiredtoownyourownvehicle,thetotalnumberofvehiclesrequiredinthewholesystemisreduced,andthereforethenumberofparkingspacesrequired.Givenafullydemanddriventransportsystem,youwouldneverneedtofindanotherparkingspaceinyourlife.

Aftertheaboveisimplemented,youhaveondemandprivateorgrouptransportvehiclesdrivingthemselvesfrompointtopointwithouttheneedtostopatjunctions,waitfortrafficjamsonfreeways,orgetlostalongtheway.

1.Ridingabicycletakesconcentration,sobrietyandalicense.

答案:

N[解析]文章第一段中提到开汽车需要集中精神，清醒冷静，还需要有驾照，而不是指骑自行车。

2.Privateautomobileisthemostimportantmodeoftransportationinrecentdecades.

答案:

Y[解析]文章第二段中提到近几十年中私家车是超越其他所有形式的交通工具，也就是最重要的。

3.Airpollutionisthemostseriousproblemcausedbytheexistoftoomanyprivateautomobiles.

答案:

NG[解析]文中没有提到相关内容。

4.Trafficlightsarethemostcommontrafficcontroldevices.

答案:

Y[解析]文章第四段中提到交通指示灯是最常见的交通控制装置。

5.Driverscanbefreefromtheresponsibilityofhavingtofollow