中考初中英语形容词比较级和最高级讲义.docx
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中考初中英语形容词比较级和最高级讲义
中考初中英语形容词比较级和最高级讲义
形容词
说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。
一、形容词原级的用法
1.说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词的原级。
如:
Theflowersinthegardenarebeautiful.
2.有表示绝对概念的副词very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用原级。
如:
Theboyistooyoung.
3.表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
1)肯定句中的结构:
“A……+as+形容词原级+as+B”如:
EnglishisasinterestingasChinese.
2)否定句中的结构:
“A……not++as/so+形容词原级+as+B”如:
Thisbookisn’tsonewasthatone.
(注:
否定句的结构中部分双音节和多音节形容词除了使用“not……as/so+形容词原级+as”结构外,还可以使用“less+形容词原级+than”结构。
如:
HethinksChineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.
3)表示“A是B的…….倍”时,“A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构(一倍:
once,两倍:
twice,三倍及以上:
基数词+times)如:
Ourschoolisthreetimesasbigastheirs.
4)“halfas+形容词原级+as”表示“……是……的一半”如:
Herroomishalfasbigasyours.
小试牛刀:
1.Itis______formetofollowtheAustralianguestsbecauseIamgoodatEnglish.
A.badB.easyC.hardD.right
2.Ican’tseeanythingintheboxbecauseitis______.
A.heavyB.thinC.fullD.empty
3.Theairinthecountrysideis______,somanypeoplefromthecitydrivecarsthereonweekends.
A.freshB.prettyC.deliciousD.beautiful
4.–Whatdoyouthinkofyourneighbor?
--He’sso______thathelikestomeetandtalktonewpeople.
A.seriousB.outgoingC.quietD.smart
5.–InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreimportantthanspeaking,Ithink.
--Idon’tagree.Speakingis______reading.
A.asimportantasB.soimportantasC.themostimportantD.thesameas
6.Nowadayssciencefictionisn’tas_______ascartoonsamongteenagers.
A.popularB.themostpopularC.lesspopularD.morepopular
二、形容词比较级的用法
1.单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化:
规则
原级
比较级
最高级
1.在词尾后直接加-er/est
tall
taller
tallest
2.词尾是e,只加-r/st
nice
nicer
nicest
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的,把y变i再加-er/est
happy
happier
happiest
4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加-er/est
thin
thinner
thinnest
2.其他双音节词或多音节词,在该词前面加-more/most
beautiful—morebeautiful—(the)mostbeautiful
3.不规则变化:
good
better
best
bad/ill
worse
worst
many
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
4.比较级用法
1)表示两者进行比较时用形容词的比较级,其结构为“A+形容词比较级+than+B”如:
Lily’sroomisbiggerthanmine.
2)有表示程度的副词(alittle,abit,agreatdeal,alot,much,even,still,far等)修饰形容词时,该形容词可以用比较级。
如:
Itismuchhottertodaythanyesterday.
3)表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更……”时,用句型“Which/Who+be+形容词比较级,AorB?
”表示。
如:
Whoistaller,LiMingorWangTao?
4)表示“几倍于……”时,用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。
如:
Yourroomisthreetimesbiggerthanmine.
5)表示“两者之间比较…….的一个(ofthetwo)”时,常用“the+比较级”结构,如:
Maryisthetallerofthetwins.
6)表示“越来越…….”用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级+and+比较级”,当形容词是多音节词或部分双音节词时,用“moreandmore+形容词原级”。
如:
It’sgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.
7)表示“越……越……”时,用“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。
如:
Themore,thebetter.
小试牛刀:
1.Theairinmountainareasis______thatinbigcities.
A.asfreshasB.fresherthanC.asdirtyasD.dirtierthan
2.Travelingabroadismuch_____thanbefore.
A.easyB.easierC.easiestD.theeasiest
3.–Doctor,I’mgetting_______.
--Well,you’dbettereat_____food.
A.fatandfat;moreB.fatterandfatter;fewer
C.moreandmorefatter;lessD.fatterandfatter;less
4.–Tim,doyouthinktimeismoney?
--Yes,butIthinkitis_____money.
A.moreimportantthanB.veryimportantas
C.thesameasD.notimportantas
5.Airpollutionisbecoming______thaneverbefore.Wemustdosomethingtostopit.
A.seriousB.moreseriousC.mostseriousD.themostserious
6.–Therelationbetweenthetwocountriesgets______.Awarseemstobreakoutsoon.
--Ihopetheywillmakepeacewitheachother.
A.worseandworseB.betterandbetterC.moreandmorebeautiful
7.–Whichis______,Tom,teaorcoffee?
--Coffee,Ithink.Idrinkiteveryday.
A.moredeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.lessdeliciousD.mostdelicious
三、形容词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。
形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。
如:
ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.
2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用“Which/Who+be+the+最高级,A,BorC?
“结构。
如:
Whichcityisthemostbeautiful,Beijing,ShanghaiorChangsha?
3.表示“最…..的…..之一”时,用“oneofthe+形容词最高级”结构,该形容词后面的名词要用复数。
如:
JayChouisoneofthemostpopularsingers.
4.形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示“第几最……”如:
TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.
5.形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,此时不能再用定冠词。
如:
Thisisourbestlessontoday.
6.形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。
如:
LiLeiisthetalleststudentinhisclass.
=LiLeiistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.
=LiLeiistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.
=LiLeiistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.
=NooneistallerthanLiLeiinhisclass.
=NooneisastallasLiLeiinhisclass.
=LiLeiistallerthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.
=LiLeiistallerthantherestofthestudentsinhisclass.
小试牛刀:
1.MoYanisoneof_______writersintheworld.
A.FamousB.morefamousC.mostfamousD.themostfamous
2.–Whois______runningstarinyourschool?
--IthinkWuTaois.
A.famousB.morefamousC.themostfamousD.lessfamous
3.–Whichcityhas______population,Beijing,GuiyangorXingyi?
--Xingyi,ofcourse.
A.thelargestB.thesmallestC.themostD.theleast
4.–LifeofPibyLiAnisoneof______filmsIhaveeverseen.
--Ilikeitverymuch,_____.
A.thegreatest;eitherB.greater;tooC.greater;eitherD.thegreatest;too
实战演练:
Part1用of,than,in,as填空。
1.Thistableisasbig_______thanone.
2.Theyellowbookislarger______theblueone.
3.Tomisthebeststudent_____theclass.
4.Thislessonismoreinteresting______thatone.
5.Thisappleisthelargest______alltheapples.
Part2单项选择。
1.Johnismy_______friendofalltheclassmates.
A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest
2.E-mailingismuch______thanlong-distancecalling.
A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest
3.Beijingisoneof______citiesinChina.
A.verybeautifulB.muchbeautifulC.morebeautifulD.themostbeautiful
4.TheYellowRiverisn’tso______astheChangjiangRiver.
A.longB.longestC.longerD.thelongest
5.ThecoatIboughtlastweekistoobigforme.I’dliketochangeitfora_____one.
A.smallB.largerC.nicerD.smaller
6.Whoisthe_____,Jim,LiLeiorLingFeng?
A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest
7.Hehasgrown_____totakecareofhimself.
A.tallenoughB.enoughtallC.oldenoughD.enoughold
8.Tomdraws______betterthanhisbrother.
A.moreB.mostC.manyD.much
9.Swimmingis________driving.
A.moredangerousasB.notasdangerousas
C.notasmoredangerousasD.notmoredangerousas
Part2翻译句子
1.这本书和那本书一样有趣。
Thisbookis____________________________thatone.
2.今天比昨天冷得多。
Itis_____________________________itwasyesterday.
3.他比我大两岁。
Heis________________________________.
4.她的身体状况一天天好起来。
Sheisgetting_______________________________everyday.
5.他对英语越来越感兴趣。
Heisbecoming____________________________________English.
6.他吃的越多,人越胖。
Themoreheeats,the__________hegets.
Part3Cloze
TheMoonIsMoreUsefulThantheSun
Jamesisthirtynow.Hehasfoundajobinafactory.Hecan'tdoanything1hedidn'tstudyhardwhenhewasatschool.Hedoesn'tliketo2hisheadandplaysall3timewhenhe’sfree.Sohehastodoheavyworkinthefactorytolookafterthestorehouse(库房).He'soften4andcan'tsleepatnight.Sohefeels5inthedaytime.Hedoesn'tlikehiswork.
Onemorning,afterheleftthestorehouse,hehopedto6atonce.Onhisway7home,hesawsomepeople8inthestreet.Hestopped9whatthematterwas.Afewminuteslaterheknewall."Ithinkthemoonis10thanthesun."saidJames.
"Becausethemoonisshiningatnight.Butthesuncomesoutinthedaytimewhenwedon'tneedanysunlight!
"
1.A.whenB.becauseC.until
2.A.makeB.mendC.use
3.A.aB.theC.an
4.A.ondutyB.inbedC.athome
5.A.happyB.tiredC.worried
6.A.getupB.gotobedC.work
7.A.toB.atC./
8.A.quarrelsB.toquarrelC.quarreling
9.A.listentoB.tolistentoC.listeningto
10.A.usefulB.moreusefulC.muchuseful
Part3ReadingComprehension
摘录要点(每个空不超过三个字)
MostAmericanfamiliesaresmallerthanthefamiliesinothercountries.MostAmericanfamilieshaveoneortwoparentsandoneortwochildreneach.
ChildrenintheUSwillleavetheirparents'homewhentheygrowup.Theyusuallylivefarfromtheirparentsbecausetheywanttofindgoodjobs.Theyoftenwritetotheirparentsortelephonethem.Andtheyoftengotovisittheirparentsonholiday.
Parentsusuallylettheirchildrenchoose(选择)theirown(自己的)jobs.Americansthinkitimportantforyoungpeopletodecide(决定)ontheirlivesbythemselves.
Childrenareaskedtodosomeworkaroundtheirhouse.Andinmanyfamilies,childrenarepaidfor(被给报酬)doingsomehouseworksothattheylearnhowtomakemoneyfortheirownuse.
ChildreninAmericanFamilies
Howmanychildren
1._____________________________
Howtolearntomakemoney
2.Bepaid_________________________
Whentoleaveparents
3.After__________________________
Whylivefarfromparents
4.To____________________________
Howoftentovisitparents
5.Usually__________________________
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2.“持之以恒,方得始。
”坚持是一种可贵的品格。
生活中想要做成任何一件事情,都需要持之以恒的精神。
某英文网站正在开展以“坚持”为主题的征文活动。
假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿。
谈淡你在初中生活中坚持的一件事(爱好,习惯……),你是怎样做的,以及你的感受。
提示词语:
keep,practice,difficult,giveup,proud
提示问题:
1.Whatdidyoudo?
2.Howdoyoufeel?
Itsimportantforustokeeptryingtoachieveourgoals.
【答案】It'simportantforustokeeptryingtoachieveourgoals.IloverunningandIhavekeptrunningforthreeyears.
WhenIwasinGrade7,Iwasnotgoodatsportsandrunningwasalwaysmyheadache.Ioftenfailedinmyrunningtest.Inordertocatchupwithmyclassmates