高中高考英语常用介词短语及固定搭配.docx

高中高考英语常用介词短语及固定搭配.docx

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高中高考英语常用介词短语及固定搭配

高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配

一．邻近介词和介词短语

1.Withthehelpof在～～帮助下

undertheleadership/careof在～～领导／关怀下

2.bestrictwithsb.对～人要求严格

bestrictinsth.对～事要求严格

3.atpresent=atthepresenttime当前

forthepresent临时

4.inthesun/sunshine在阳光下

underthesun在世界上

5.liein位于～～以内

lieon同～～接壤

lieto位于～～以外

6.atleast起码

intheleast丝毫，一点

7.byname名叫

inthenameof以～～名义

8.intheair空中，在流传

ontheair播出

9.intheway挡路，阻碍，用～～方法

inaway在某点上，在某种程度上

getone’sownwayto随do心所欲

giveway退步，折服

loseone’sway迷路

bytheway趁便说一下

onone’sway在to去～～的路上

Comethisway这边走

10.atthecorner在拐角处（外角）

inthecorner在角落里（内角）

onthecorner在角落上（外角上）

11.judgeby/from依据～～来判断

judgeforoneself由某人自己来判断

12.attheend（of）在～～结束时

atthebeginningof在～～开始时

atthebackof在～～背后，支持

attheageof～～岁时

atthefootof在～～脚下

atthebottomof在～～底部

atthetopof在～～顶上

at/ontheedgeof在～～边上

13.inthecourseof在～～过程中

intheeyesof从～～看法看来，在～～眼里

inthefaceof面对～～，只管，纵使

inthemiddleof在～～中间

intheend=atlast=finally最后

14.ontheeveof在～～前夜

onthesideof在～～一边

15.afteratime=aftersometime过一段时间后

foratime=forsometime一时，有一段时间

16.behindtime迟到，过期

behindthetimes落在时代后边

17.atnotime决不

innotime立刻，立刻

18.atonetime=oncetime以前

atatime=eachtime每次

attimes=sometimes有时

atalltimes常常，向来，一直

atthesametime同时

atthetime在～～的时候

bythetime到～～的时候

19.foramoment一会儿

forthemoment临时

atthemoment当时

themoment/minute/instance正当～～一顷刻

20.onceortwice一两次

morethanonce不只一次

oncemore从头，又

onceuponatime以前

onceinawhile有时

二．归类记忆

1.beonshow/display/play/sale/strike/duty/trial

2.beofvalue/importance/use/nouse/color/age/size/height/weight/significance

3.toone’sjoy/surprise/pleasure/astonishment/sorrow/delight

4.insurprise/wonder/alarm/terror/horror/delight

5.byair/bicycle/boat/bus/car/letter/post/plane/telephone/train/wire

6.atdaybreak/sunrise/dawn/noon/dark/night

7.outofbreath/control/question/sight

8.infact/reality/substance/nature/practice/theory/short/brief/aword/detail/

all/average/full/time/fashion/existence/turn/vain/haste/appearance/common/sum/

general/particular/public/secret/order/part/power/stock/case/bed/future/name/addition/sight

9.onduty/shift/holiday/leave/business/purpose/time/sale/show/board/hand/record/request/root/earth/farm/principle

10.forexample/instance/all/good/nothing/convenience/short/fear/sale

11.byweight（volumesizenumber~~）/profession/definition/rule/turn/chance/accident/

mistake/hand/train（bus,taxi,ship,boat~~）/air/land/force/day/nature/sight

12.atmost/least/best/worst/once/first/last/home/school/will（atwill:

随意）/

work/

night/midnight/daybreak/dawn/present/length/large

13.asabove/below/following/over/usual/before/amatteroffact

14.aboveall/measure/normal

15.beforeall/long/time/now/then

16.afterall/class/school

17.outofaction/order/condition/use/operation/step/joint/repair/gear/balance/range/

doubt/date/danger/hand/shape/place/question/stock/

18.withcaution/interest/difficulty/ease/advantage/effect/reason/vigor/reserve/success/confidence

19.beyondcomprehension/conception/description/expression/doubt/control/reach/power/measure/grasp/compare/controversy/dispute/hope/example

20.underage/discussion/test/way/repair

三．组合记忆

（1）由两个词构成的复合介词．

1.以of结尾

aheadof,asideof,becauseof,eastof,westof,insteadof,shortof,lackof,regardlessof

2.以to结尾

accordingto,asto,counterto,dueto,owingto,nextto,previousto,priorto,apostleto,

relativeto,subjectto,subsequentto,onto,thanksto

3.以with结尾

alongwith,togetherwith

4.以for结尾

asfor,butfor,exceptfor,savefor

5.以from结尾

fromabove,frombelow,fromamong,frombetween,frombeneath,frombehind,fromover

（2）由三个词构成的复合介词．

1.以in开头

inadditionto,inadvanceof,inagreementwith,incaseof,inchargeof,incomparisonwith

inconsequenceof,inconsiderationof,in（the）courseof,incontrastwith,inthefaceof,

infavorof,infrontof,inhonorof,in（the）lightof,inthemiddleof,inthenameof,inneedof,inobedienceto,inoppositionto,inplaceof,inpreferenceto,in（the）processof

inregardto,inreplyto,inrespectof

2.以by开头

bymeansof,byorderof,byreasonof,byvirtueof,bywayof

3.以at开头

atthebeginningof,atthecostof,attheendof,atthehandsof,atmercyof,atthepointof,

attheriskof

4.以with开头

withaneyeto,withtheexceptionof,withthepurposeof,withreferenceto,withregardto,

withrespectto,withaviewto,withtheviewof

5.以for开头

forthebenefitof,forfearof,forlackof,forthegoodof,forthesakeof

6.以under开头

undercoverof,underpainof,underthepresentof

7.以on开头

onaccountof,onbehalfof,ontheoccasionof,onthepartof,onthepointof,ontopof

四．省略介词，意义不变

1.Iwillshare（in）thepleasurewithhim.

2.Ispenttwohours（in）readingthearticle.

3.I’llwrite（to）youaletter.

4.Heplays（on）thepianoeveryevening.

5.Smithhastraveled（through）China.

6.Theyarefighting（against）theirenemy.

7.Pleasefill（in）theblanksinthefollowing.

8.Thehousesface（to/on）thesouth.

9.Shescolded（at）herchildyesterday.

10.Itis（of）nousetalking.

11.Thereisnouse（in）talking.

12.Wecouldn’tpreventthemrom）（fgettingmarried.

13.Heisbusy（in）preparingfortheexam.

14.IhavestudiedEnglish（for）tenyears.

15.Thisshirtdoesn’tfit（for）me.

16.Iwantaplacetolive（in）.

17.Yououghttobreak（off）thishabit.

18.Shealwaysshare（in）mytroublesaswellas（in）myjobs.

五．动词词组及短语

1.以break为中心的词组

breakawayfrom离开，逃离

breakdown损坏，粉碎；崩溃；出故障，抛锚

breakin闯入，打断；使服从

breakinto闯入；强行进入；忽然开始

breakout迸发，发生；准备使用；拔锚

breakthelaw违犯法律

breaktherecord破记录

breakone’spromise失口

breakup开垦，破裂；解散，分开，分解

2.以catch为中心的词组

becaughtdoing被发现做某事

becaughtintherain淋雨

catchabus/train赶汽车/火车

catchacold伤风，感冒

catchone’sword听懂某人的话

catchsightof发现，看见

catchupwith追上，追及，追上

3.以come为中心的词组

comeacross有时发现，想起；超出；偿付

comealong一道来，陪同；进步，进展；出现

comeat达到，求得，获取；扑向，侵袭

comeback回来；恢复，还原

comedown倒下；下降；跌落；病倒

comefrom来自，发源于，从~~产生，生于

comein进来，进入；流行起来；获名次

comeintobeing发生，产生，出现，形成

comeintopower开始执政，当权，入选

comeintouse开始使用，获取应用

comeon演出；开始；赶忙；发展；登台；（问题）被提出

comeout出来，传出；第一版；结果是；退色；（奥密）泄漏

cometo清醒，还原；合计；达到；归纳于

cometoanend停止，结束

cometoknow开始认识到

cometrue实现，成为现实；证明

comeup走近；上楼；长出，抽芽

4.以do为中心的词组

bedonein精疲力竭

bedonewith完整结束

doagooddeed做一件好事

doawaywith去掉，取销；弄死；浪费

dogoodto（=dosb.good）有利于

doharmto（=dosb.good）有害于

doitswork有效，有作用

domuch极实用

dowrongto做错

doone’sbest尽某人最大努力

doone’shomework造作业

doone’sutmost全力而为

doproud足以使~~骄傲

dosb.justice公正对待某人

dosomecleaning（V+ing,etc.）搞卫生

dosb.afavor帮助某人

dowellin学得不错，干得美丽

dowith和~~相处，忍耐，办理

dowithout不需要，不用

dowonders创建奇观

havemuchtodowith和~~很相关系

havenothingtodowith与~~没关

havesomethingtodowith和~~相关

indoingso=insodoing这时，在这类状况下

Thatwilldo.行了；够了

5.以get为中心的词组

getabout彷徨，走动，旅游；流传

getaboveoneself自视傲慢

getaccustomedto习惯于，对~~屡见不鲜

getacross度过，经过，横过；说服，使理解

getaheadof赛过，超出

getalong行进，进步；赞同；离开

getalongwith与~~相处

getat发现，认识；掌握；攻击

getaway走开，逃走

getback取回，回来；报复

getbehind落伍；看破

getdown咽下；写下；使丧气，使抑郁

getdownto仔细对待，静下心来

getfamiliarwith熟习

getholdof获取，获得

gethome到家

getin进入，堕入；涉及

getoff送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；出发

geton上车；穿上；进步，使行进；成功；相处

getuponwith进步；在~~方面获取成功

getone’shand熟in悉；习惯

getoutof由~~出来，从~~得出；防止；退休

getover超出；恢复，康复；战胜；达成

getreadyfor为~~作准备

getridof除掉，去掉；免去，挣脱

getthrough抵达，达成，经过；及格

gettogether聚集，累积；商谈，获得一致建议

getup起床，起立；研究，研究；致力于；安排，组织

getusedto习惯于

havegottodo不得不，一定

6.以give为中心的词组

begivento沉迷于，嗜好

giveabout分派；流传

giveandtake互相将就

giveaway赠予；牺牲；泄漏；颁发

giveback送还

givecause赐予~~的原因

giveearto侧耳聆听

giveforth发出，放出；发布

givein折服，退步，投诚

giveinto赞同，接受；向~~退步

giveoff发出（烟，气味）

giveoneselfouttobe/as自称为

giveoneselfupto专心于；向~~自首

giveout散发，宣布

giveplaceto让位于，被~~所代替

giveriseto惹起，致使；使~~发生

givesb.tounderstand通知某人

giveup放弃；停止

givewayto退步，退缩；折服于

7.以look为中心的词组

lookabout四下环视；查察

lookafter照料，看守

lookaround东张西望

lookat凝视，着眼于

lookback回首

lookfor找寻；期望，希望

lookdownon俯视；小看

lookforwardto期望，期望

lookinto窥视；检查；阅读

looklike看起来象

lookon旁观；面向

lookout向外看；注意；小心，谨防

lookover从上边看过去；检查

lookthrough透过~~看去；看破；阅读

lookupto仰望，敬爱

8.以make为中心的词组

bemadefrom由~~原料制成

bemadeof由~~资料制成

bemadeupof由~~构成

makeafoolof捉弄，欺诈