英语人教版八年级下册九年级英语现在完成时态语法复习讲解及练习含答案.docx
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英语人教版八年级下册九年级英语现在完成时态语法复习讲解及练习含答案
现在完成时态的讲解及专项练习
现在完成时是初二要学到的语法内容，也是中考的重点和难点。
一.现在完成时基本结构
①肯定句：
主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
②否定句：
主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词
③一般疑问句：
Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词
④特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词）
二.现在完成时用法
1.现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
I havealreadypostedthephoto.
我已经邮寄出了照片。
与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）,yet（否定句/疑问句句尾）,just,before,recently,still,lately,never等。
2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
Hehaslivedheresince1996
自从1996年以来，他一直住在这儿。
（动作起始于1996年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。
）
此种用法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：
goout----beout
finish----beover
open----beopen
die----bedead
buy---have
fallill---beill
comeback----beback
catchacold----haveacold
三.现在完成时常见考点
对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。
在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。
【典型例题】
Hisfather_____thepartysince1990
A.joind B.hasjoined C.wasin D.hasbeenin
答案：
D
解析：
本题考查学生对现在完成时的熟练掌握。
since1978表达“自从1978年一直到现在”，表示这件事情从过去一直持续到现在，应该用现在完成时，而且动词必须是延续性动词，A、B均为瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，故排除；C为一般过去时，也不行。
四.比较一般过去时和现在完成时
1.共同点：
动作都是在过去完成。
Isawthefilmyesterdayevening.
Ihaveseenthefilmbefore.
（看电影这件事都是在过去完成的。
）
2.区别：
①现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。
②一般过去时通常与具体明确的过去时间状语连用。
如yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago，justnow，in2002等；而现在完成时则常与just,already,ever,never等模糊的过去时间状语和thesedays,thisweek,since...,for...等表示一段时间的状语连用。
例题
—______you yourhomeworkyet?
—Yes.I_____ it a momentago.
A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finished
C.Have;done;havefinished
答案：
B
解析：
本题考查一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别。
问句中的yet表明应该用现在完成时，而回答中的amomentago是一个明确的过去时间状语，应该用一般过去时。
五.过去分词的规则变化
动词过去分词的规则变化与动词过去式的规则变化相同。
① 一般情况下，在词尾直接加“ed”。
work---worked---worked
visit---visited---visited
② 以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。
live---lived---lived
③ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“ed”。
study---studied---studied cry---cried---cried
④ 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。
stop---stopped---stopped
drop---dropped--dropped
现在完成时专项训练
一、选择填空。
1.---Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?
---___.
A.SincelastmonthB.Lastmonthago
C.LastmonthbeforeD.Lastmonth
2.---____you____thenewfilm?
---Yes,I___itlastweek.
A.Have,saw,sawB.Did,see,saw
C.Have,seen,sawD.Did,see,see
3.---Where’sJim?
---He____Disneyland.
A.hasbeentoB.hasgoneto
C.hasbeeninD.hasbeenat
4.---Haveyou___beentoBeijing?
---No,Ihave___beenthere.
A.ever,everB.ever,already.
C.yet,neverD.just,already
5.---WhowillgototheairporttomeetJane?
---Iwill.I___herseveraltimes.Icanfindhereasily.
A.metB.hadmetC.havemetD.willmeet
6.They___homelesspeopleformanyyears.
A.helpB.havehelpC.havehelpedD.helped
7.You___alotinthepastthreeyears.
A.havegrownupB.growupC.havegrownD.grow
8.Hisfather___fortwoyears.
A.hasbeendeadB.wasdeadC.hasdiedD.died
9.---Howlong___you___thebadcold?
---Sincelastweek.
A.have,takenB.have,taughtC.have,gotD.have,had
10.___haveyouhadthisbike?
---Since2003.
A.WhenB.WhattimeC.HowlongD.What
11.Wehavebeengoodfriendssincewe___eachotherfiveyearsago.
A.knewB.haveknownC.gotoknowD.know
12.---Haveyoufinishedyourwrittenhomework___?
---No.I’llfinishit___anothertenminutes.
A.already,afterB.yet,before
C.already,aboutD.yet,in
13.Iwon’tgotoseethefilmtonightbecauseI__myticket.
A.lostB.havelostC.willlostD.didn’thave
14.---Whynotgotoseetheflowershowwithus?
---I___it.
A.sawB.seeC.haveseenD.seen
15.He’sneverbeentoEngland,___?
A.isn’theB.hasn’theC.hasheD.ishe
16.---Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?
---I___yet.
A.haven’tdecidedB.won’tdecide
C.havedecidedD.didn’tdecide
17.Ihave____acoldforseveraldays.Itooksomemedicine,andnowIfeelbetter.
A.hadB.haveC.catchD.caught
18.--Oh,youarelateagain.Thefilm___fortwentyminutes.--Whatapity.
A.hasbegunB.beganC.hasbeenonDhavebeenon
19.---Mr.Green,yourhatlooksnice.Isitnew?
---No,I___itfortwomonths.
A.havehadB.haveboughtC.boughtD.had
20.---Howlong___you___here?
---Forabouttwoyearssofar.
A.have,studiedBdid,live.Cdo,dayD.were,swimming
21.Tom___theCDplayerfortwoweeks.
A.hassentB.hasborrowedC.hasboughtD.hashad
22.---Howlong___you__heresinceyou__toDalian?
---Almosthalfayear.
A.did,live,hereB.did,live,havecome
C.have,lived,cameD.have,lived,havecome
23.What’swrongwithhim?
Ihaven’tseenhim___lastWednesday.
A.onB.byC.untilD.since
24.It____twoyearssincewevisitedBeijinglasttime.
A.hasbeenB.hasC.beD.willbe
25.Mr.Green___England.He___Londonfortwoweeks.
A.hasbeento,willbetoB.hasgoneto,willbein
C.hasbeento,willbeinD.hasgoneto,willbeto
Keys:
1-5ACBBC6-10CCADC11-15ADBCC16-20AACAA
二、用since和for填空
1.______twoyears2._______twoyearsago
3._______lastmonth4.______1999
5._______yesterday6._______4o’clock
7.______4hours8._______anhourago
9._______wewerechildren10.____lunchtime
11.______shelefthere
12.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.
13.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.
14.Mikehasbeenill________alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital________October
15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.
16.It’sabouttenyears_________sheleftthecity.
17.JillhasbeeninIreland________Monday.
18.JillhasbeeninIreland__________threedays.
19.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia_______15days.
20.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_____7o'clock.
Keys:
1,for2.since3since4.since5,since6.since7.for8.since9.since10.since11.since12.since
13.since14.for,since15.for16.since17.since18.for19.since20.since
3、用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空：
1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.
2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.
3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.
4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?
”“No,Ihave________seenit.”
5.“Hasthebusleft_______?
”“Yes,ithas_________left.”
Keys:
1.never2.already3.for4.ever,never5.already,already
四、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。
1）WhereisJack?
He__________hiscountry.
2）David________theparkjustnow.
3）John_______Englandsincehecameback.
4）Howlong_____they_____thisvillage?
5）TheSmiths______Beijingforyears.
6）_____youever____America?
--Yes,I____theremanytimes.
7）I____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.
8）WhereisJim?
He_____thefarm.
9）When_____he_____?
He_______anhourago.
10）Wouldyouliketo____tothezoowithme?
---Yes,butI_____therebefore.
11）Where____you_____now?
I____tothezoo.
12）Heoften_____swimming.
13）_____you______therelastyear?
14）_____theyoften______skatinginwinter?
Keys:
1.hasgoneto2.went3.hasbeenin4.havebeenin5.havebeenin6.Have,beento,havebeen
7.havebeenin8.hasbeento9.did,go,went10.go,havebeen11.are,going,amgoing
12.goes13.Didgo14.Do.,go
五、用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s_____________（live）hereeversinceshewasten.
2.Bothofthem________________（be）inHongkongfortendays.
3.Bothofthem____________（come）toHongkongtendaysago.
4.Halfanhour__________（pass）sincethetrain__________（leave）.
5.Mary________（lose）herpen..________you_______（see）itanywhere?
6._________you_____（find）yourwatchyet?
7.Areyouthirsty?
---NoI_________just_________（have）someorange.
8.I_____________（notfinish）myhomeworkyet.Canyouhelpme?
9.---WhereisTom?
----He___________（go）_____（in,to）thebookshop.
10.I_________（buy）abookjustnow.
11.I_________（lose）mywatchyesterday.
12.Mr.Green_____（teach）usalotaboutsocialstudiessinceSeptember.
13.I_____never____（meet）hersisterbefore.
14.Mr.Smith__________（work）heresince1984.
15.He___________（learn）about5,000Englishwordssincehe_____（go）tocollege.
16.We_____（know）eachotherfortwentyyears.
17.Mary_____never______（be）_____（in,to）theGreatWall.
18.They___________（be）_____（in,to）thatvillageseveraltimes.
Keys:
1.lived2.havebeen3.came4.haspassed,left5.haslost,haveseen
6.Havefound7.have,had8.haven’tfinished9.has,beento
10.bought11.lost12.Hastaught13.havemet14.hasworked15.haslearned,went
16.haveknown17.hasbeento18.havebeento
六、非延续性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。
①arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp
→beinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere
1）HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago
.HeBeijingfor.
2）ImovedtotheUSAin2008.
ItheUSAsince.
3）Iwenthomeyesterday.
Ihomefor.
4）Theycameherelastweek.
They___________heresince_____________.
Keys:
1.hasbeenin,fiveminutes2.havebeenin,2008
3.havebeenat,oneday4.havebeen,lastweek5
②cometo/gobackto/returnto→bebacktogoout→beout
1）Hecameouttwoyearsago.
He______________for____________.
2）WereturnedtoBeijingyesterday.
We_______________toBeijingsince__________.
Keys:
1.hasbeenout,twoyears2.havebeenback,yesterday
③become→be
1）Ibecameateacherin2000.
I________________ateacherfor_________________.
2）Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.
Theriver______________dirtyfor_______________.
Keys:
1.havebeen,seventeenyears2.hasbeen,oneyear
④close→be
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