管理学原理答案.docx

管理学原理答案.docx

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管理学原理答案

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CHAPTER1Innovationforturbulenttime

（1）

TRUE/FALSE

1．Managementisoftenconsidereduniversal（通用的）becauseitusesorganizationalresourcestoaccomplishgoalsandattain（达到）highperformanceinalltypesofprofitandnot-for-profitorganizations.T

2．Leadershipinvolvestheuseofinfluencetomotivate（刺激）employeestoachievetheorganisation’sgoals.T

3．Organisingmeansdefining（明确）goalsforfutureorganisationalperformanceanddecidingonthetasksandresourcesneededtoattainthem.F

4.Efficiencyreferstothedegreetowhichtheorganisationachievesastated（规定的）objective（目标）.F

5.Themanager’sabilityto‘thinkstrategically（战略性的）’requireshightechnicalskillsandaproficiency（精通）inspecifictaskswithinanorganisation.F

6.First-linemanagersarethemanagerswhohavetheresponsibilityformakingthesignificant（重大的）strategic（战略上的）policydecisions,oftenwithstaffmanagersassisting（帮助）theminthesedecisions.F

MultipleChoice

1.Thefigureheadroleinvolves:

A.motivatingandcommunicatingwithstaff

B.initiating（发起）change

C.handlingceremonial（正式的）andsymbolicactivities

D.developinginformationsourceswithintheorganisation

E.       stayingwellinformedaboutcurrentaffairsC

2.Howanorganisationgoesaboutaccomplishingaplanisakeypartofthemanagementfunctionof:

A.planningB.organising

C.leadingD.controlling

E.       motivatingB

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotafunctionofmanagement?

A.controlB.plan

C.organiseD.lead

E.       performanceE

4.Asocialentity（本质）thatisgoaldirectedanddeliberately（慎重地）structuredisreferredtoas:

A.anorganisationB.management

C.employeesD.students

E.tasksA

5.Whichofthefollowingtypesofskillsistheunderstandingofandproficiencyintheperformanceofspecifictasks?

A.humanskillB.leadershipskill

C.technicalskillD.conceptual（概念上的）skill

E.socialskillC

6.Theinformationalrole,accordingtoMintzberg,isa（n）____________role?

A.entrepreneur（企业家）B.leader

C.figurehead（有名无实的领袖）D.celebratory

E.monitorE

FILLINTHEBLANKS

1.Socialforcesaretheaspectsofaculturethatguideandinfluencerelationshipsamongpeople.

2.Economicforcespertain（属于）totheavailability,production,anddistribution（分配）ofresourcesinasociety.

3.Thelearningorganizationcanbedefinedasoneinwhicheveryoneisengagedinidentifyingandsolvingproblems,enablingtheorganisationtocontinuouslyexperiment,change,andimprove,thusincreasingitscapacitytogrow,learnandachieveitspurpose.

4.Empowerment（授权）meansgivingemployeesthepower,freedom,knowledgeandskillstomakedecisionsandperformeffectively.

5.Listthreeofthebasicideasofscientificman会议员agement.

 Trainedworkersinstandard（标准的）method

Developedstandardmethodforperformingeachjob

Selectedworkerswithappropriateabilitiesforeachjob

6.Weber’svisionoforganisationsthatwouldbemanagedonanimpersonal,rational（合理的）basisiscalleda（n）bureaucratic （官僚的）

7.Listthethreeassumptions（设想）associatedwithMcGregor’sTheoryX.

Peoplearelazy;Peopledislikeresponsibility;Peoplelackambition

CHAPTER1Innovationforturbulenttime

（2）

TRUE/FALSE

1.Thelearningorganizationisanattitudeorphilosophy（哲学）aboutwhatanorganizationcanbecome.T

2.Theessentialideainalearningorganisationisefficiency.F

3.Asamanager,Loupreferstothinkintermsof‘controlover’ratherthan‘controlwith’others.Thisisinagreementwiththeideaofalearningorganisation.F

4.Empowermentmeansgivingemployeesthepower,freedom,knowledge,andskillstomakedecisionsandperformeffectively.T

5.TheoryXandTheoryY,proposedbyDouglasMcGregor,providetwoopposing（相反的）viewsofworkers:

TheoryXrecognisesthatworkersenjoyachievementandresponsibility,whileTheoryYrecognises（承认）thatworkerswillavoidworkwheneverpossible.F

MULTIPLECHOICE

1.__________forcesrefertothoseaspectsofaculturethatguideandinfluencerelationshipsamongpeople.

A.Legal

B.Economic

C.Political

D.Psychological

E.SocialE

2.Variables（变量）suchasinterestrates,inflation（通货膨胀）andtradetariffs（关税）areallexamplesof_________forces.

A.technological

B.political

C.social

D.socio-educational

E.noneoftheaboveE

3.Strategyhastraditionallybeenthesole（唯一的）responsibilityof:

A.middlemanagement

B.projectmanagers（项目经理）

C.companyaccountants

D.topmanagersD

4.Duringtheearlytwentiethcentury,theprevailing（普通的）managementperspective（观点）,whichemphasisedrationality（合理性）andascientificapproach,wasthe_________perspective.

A.scientific

B.behavioural

C.classical

D.quantitative

E.ParetoC

5.Thethreesubfields（子域）oftheclassicalperspectiveinclude:

A.      bureaucraticorganisation,quantitativemanagement,andthehumanrelationsmovement

B.      quantitativemanagement,behaviouralscience,andadministrativemanagement

C.administrativemanagement,bureaucraticorganisation,andscientificmanagement

D.scientificmanagement,quantitativemanagement,andadministrativemanagement

E.noneoftheaboveC

6.Brucebelieveshisemployeesareresponsibleandabletoworkwithoutintensedirectionandsupervision（管理）.Heisa:

A.TheoryXmanager

B.TheoryYmanager

C.TheoryZmanager

D.contingency（偶然性）theorymanager

E.classicalmanagerB

SHORTANSWER

1.Brieflydiscusstherelationshipbetweenmanagementskillsandmanagementlevel.

 1.managementskillssummarizeinthreecategories:

conceptualskills,humanskillsandtechnicalskills.managementlevelcontains:

topmanagers,middlemanagers,first-linemanagersandnonmanagers.topmanagersneedconceptualskills,nonmanagersneedtechnicalskills,humanskillsisimportanttoallmanagementlevel

（管理技能有三种：

概念技能、人际技能、技术技能。

概念技能包括：

高层管理者、中层管理者、一线管理者和非管理者。

高层管理者需要概念技能。

非管理者需要技术技能。

人际技能对于管理水平来说很重要。

）

2.Whatisthedifferencebetweenefficiencyandeffectiveness?

Whichismoreimportantforperformance?

2.效率和效益向来都是企业追求的目标，二者既有联系又有区别。

效益是指做正确的事情，效率则是做事情运用正确的方法。

效益比效率更重要，因为无论效率再高，只要所做的事情不对，其结果就会是无益的劳动，而所付出的一切努力不过是一种浪费。

追求效益必须考虑效率，考虑效益实现的速度问题。

CHAPTER2Theenvironmentandcorporateculture

TRUEORFALSE

1、Thestudyofmanagementtraditionallyhasfocusedonfactorsexternaltotheorganisations.F

2、Thegeneralenvironmentandthetaskenvironmentarethetwolayersofanorganisation’sexternalenvironment.T

3、Customersandcompetitorsaretwoimportantsectorsoftheeconomicdimension（次元）ofafirm’sgeneralenvironment.F

4.Otherorganisationsinthesameindustryortypeofbusinessthatprovidegoodsorservicestothesamesetofcustomersarereferredtoassuppliers.F

5.Theinternalenvironmentwithinwhichmanagersworkincludescorporate（公司的）culture,socioculturalaspectsandcustomers.F

CHOICE

1.Whichoftheseisapartofanorganisation’sinternalenvironment?

A.itscustomers

B.itssalespeople

C.itswagestructure

D.itssuppliers

E.itscompetitorsB

2.The__________environmentrepresents（表现）theouterlayeroftheenvironmentandaffectsorganisations__________.

A.task;indirectly

B.general;directly

C.internal;directly

D.internal;indirectly（间接地）

E.general;indirectlyE

3.WhichoftheseisNOTapartofanorganisation’sgeneralenvironment?

A.technological

B.economic

C.competitors

D.legal-political

E.socioculturalC

4.Anorganisation’staskenvironmentincludesallofthefollowingEXCEPT:

A.competitors

B.customers

C.labourmarkets

D.employers

E.suppliersD

5.Whichoftheseareincludedinanorganisation’staskenvironment?

A.suppliers

B.accountingprocedures（手续）

C.technology

D.government

E.demographic（人口统计学的）characteristicsA

6.Whichofthefollowingconsistsofdemographicfactors,suchaspopulationdensity?

A.technologicalenvironment

B.socioculturalenvironment

C.legal-politicalenvironment

D.internalenvironment

E.economicenvironmentB

7.The__________representspeopleintheenvironmentwhocanbehiredtoworkfortheorganisation.

A.competitors

B.labourmarket

C.suppliers

D.customers

E.governmentB

8.Whichstatement（叙述）belowiscorrect?

A.Whenenvironmentisdynamic（活跃的）,uncertaintyislow.

B.Whentheenvironmentisunstable（动态的）,uncertaintyislow.

C.Adynamicenvironmenthasmoreuncertaintythanastableenvironment.

D.Thestability（稳定性）oftheenvironmentdoesnotdeterminethestructureofthefirm.

E.Noneoftheabove.C

9.Researchhasfoundthata（n）__________structureworksbestwhenorganisationsexperienceuncertainty.

A.flexible（灵活的）

B.mechanistic（机械的）

C.intuitive（直觉的）

D.inorganic

E.rigid（死板的）A

FILLINTHEBLANKS

1.Theexternalorganizationalenvironmentincludesallelements（元素）existingoutsidetheboundary（分界线）oftheorganisationthathavethepotential（可能性）toaffecttheorganisation.

2.Thegeneralenvironmentistheouterlayerthatiswidelydispersedandaffectsorganisationsindirectly.

3.Theinternalenvironmentincludesthesectorsthatconductday-to-daytransactions（交易）withintheorganisation.

4.Thelabormarketrepresentspeopleintheenvironmentwhocanbehiredtoworkfortheorganisation.

SHORTANSWER

1.Brieflydescribethetaskenvironmentanditsfourprimarysectors.

 1.Thetaskenvironmentincludesthosesectorsthathaveadirectworkingrelationshipwiththeorganization.Theseincludecustomers,competitor,supplier,andthelabormarket.Customersarethepeopleandorganizationsintheenvironmentwhoacquiregoodsandservicesfromtheorganization.Competitoris otherorganizationsinthesameindustryortypeofbusinessthatprovidegoodsorservicestothe