泵的概述外文翻译.docx

泵的概述外文翻译.docx

《泵的概述外文翻译.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《泵的概述外文翻译.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

泵的概述外文翻译

附录一：

外文文献原文

Pump'soutline

Thepumpistheapplicationverywidespreadgeneralmachinery,maysaythatisplaceofthefluidflow,nearlyhasthepumpinthework.Moreover,alongwithscience'sandtechnology'sdevelopment,pump'sapplicationdomainisexpandingrapidly,accordingtotheover-allstatestatistics,pump'spowerconsumptionapproximatelycomposesthenationaltotaloutputofelectricalenergy1/5,obviouslythepumpisnaturalconsumesenergythewealthyandpowerfulfamily.Therefore,raisesthepumptechnicalleveltosavetheenergyconsumptiontohavetheimportantmeaning.

First.Centrifugalpump'sprincipleofwork

Thedriveleadsimpellerrevolvingthroughthepumpspindletohavethecentrifugalforce,underthecentrifugalactionofforce,theliquidisflungalongtheleafbladeflowchanneltotheimpellerexport,theliquidsendsinafterthevolutecollectiontheeductiontube.Theliquidobtainstheenergyfromtheimpeller,causesthepressureenergyandthespeedcanincrease,anddependsuponthisenergythehydraulictransporttotheoperatinglocation.whiletheliquidisflungwhichexportstotheimpeller,theimpellereyecenterhasformedthelowpressure,hashadthedifferentialpressureintheimbibitionpotandbetweentheimpellercenterliquid,intheimbibitionpot'sliquidunderthisdifferentialpressurefunction,afterinhalesthepipelineandpump'ssuctionchamberunceasinglyentersintheimpeller.

Second,centrifugalpump'sstructureandmainsparepart

Acentrifugalpumpmainlybythepumpbody,theimpeller,thepackingring,therotationaxis,theaxissealspartsandsoonboxtobecomposed,somecentrifugalpumpsarealsoloadedwiththeguidepulley,theinducer,thebalancediscandsoon.

1.Pumpbody:

Namelypump'sshell,includingsuctionchamberanddeliverychamber.

①Suctionchamber:

Itsfunctionisenablestheliquidtoflowinevenlytheimpeller.

②Deliverychamber:

Itsfunctioncollectstheliquid,andsendsinitthesubordinateimpellerorguidestheeductiontube,atthesametimereducestheliquidthespeed,causesthekineticenergytofurtherturnthepressureenergy.Thedeliverychamberhasthevoluteandtheguidevanetwoforms.

2.Impeller:

Itisinthecentrifugalpumptransmitstheenergyfortheliquidonlypart,theimpellerwiththebondfixationontheaxis,leadsrevolvingalongwiththeaxisbytheprimemover,passestothroughtheleafbladeprimemover'senergytheliquid.

Impellerclassification:

①Accordingtoliquidinflowclassification:

Singlesuctionimpeller

（inimpeller'sonesidehasanentrance）anddoubleattractstheimpeller（liquidfromimpeller'slateralsymmetryliudaoimpellerpassage）.

②Isoppositeaccordingtotheliquidincenterline'sflowdirectionclassification:

Runofftypeimpeller,axial-flowpropellerandinterflowtypeimpeller.

③Accordingtoimpeller'sstructuralstyleclassification:

Shroudedimpeller,opentypeimpellerandsemi-openedimpeller.

3.Axis:

Istransmitsthemechanicalenergytheimportantcomponents,theprimemover'storquepassestotheimpellerthroughit.Thepumpspindleisthepumprotor'smajorparts,ontheaxisisloadedwithcomponentsandsoonimpeller,axlesleeve,balancedisc.Thepumpspindledependingonthebothsidesbearingsupporting,makesthehighspeedrotationinthepump,thusthepumpspindleinabigwaywantsthebearingcapacity,tobewear-resisting,tobeanti-corrosive.Pumpspindle'smaterialselectsthecarbonsteelorthealloysteelandafterthequenchingandretemperingtreatmentgenerally.

4.Packingring:

Isinstallsintherotationimpellerandthestaticpumphousing（center-sectionandguidevane'sassembly）betweenpackingassembly.Itisfunctionisthroughcontrolsbetweenthetwogapmethod,increasesinthepumpbetweenthehighandlowpressurecavitythefluidflowresistance,reducesdivulging.

5.Axlesleeve:

Theaxlesleeveisusesfortoprotectthepumpspindle,causesitnottocorrodeandtheattrition.Whennecessity,theaxlesleevemayreplace.

6.Axisseals:

Thepumpspindleandaroundpackingboxbetweenendcover'sinstallsshortforaxistoseal,mainlypreventsinpump'sliquiddivulgingandtheairentersinthepump,achievessealsandpreventstheairadmissiontocausethepumpcavitationgoal.theaxissealsform:

Namelyhasskeleton'srubberseal,thepackingsealandthemechanicalseal.

7.axialforcebalancingunit.

Third.Centrifugalpump'sprimetaskparameter

1.Currentcapacity:

Namelythepumpinunitoftimedischargestheliquidquantity,usuallyindicatedwiththeUnitofvolumethatmarkQ,theunithasm3/h,m3/s,l/sandsoon,

2.Lifting:

Thetransportationunitweight'sliquid（pumpsuctionflange）（pumpdischargeflange）fromthepumpinletplacetothepumpexit,itsenergy'sincrement,indicatedwithH,theunitism.

3.Rotationalspeed:

Pump'srotationalspeedisthepumpeachminuterevolvingnumberoftimes,expressedwithN.ElectricalmachineryrotationalspeedNgenerallyabout2900n/min.

4.Netpositivesuctionhead:

Centrifugalpump'snetpositivesuctionheadisexpressedthatpump'sperformance'smainparameter,

usesthesymbolicrepresentation.

5.Powerandefficiency:

Pump'spowerinputisshaftpowerP,isalsoelectricmotor'soutput.Pump'soutputistheactivepower.

Fourth,pumpproperenergyloss

Pumpmechanicalenergywhichobtainsfromtheprimemover,hasaparttotransformintotheliquidenergy,butanotherpartbecauseinthepumpconsumesloses.Inthepumpalllossesmaydivideintothefollowingseveralitems:

1.Hydrauliclossbytheliquidinpumpimpact,theturbulentflowandthesurfacefrictioncreates.Theimpactandtheeddycurrentlossarebecausetheliquidflowchangedirectionproduces.Theliquidflowsthroughtheflowchannelgeneralmeetingwhichcontactstopresentthesurfacefriction,fromthisproducestheenergylossismainlydecidedbyflowchannel'slength,thesize,theshape,thesurfaceroughness,aswellasliquidspeedofflowandcharacteristic.

2.Volumetricloss:

volumetriclosswasalreadyobtainedtheenergyliquidtohaveaparttofleetheresultwhichinthepumptheclassandleakedoutward.Pump'svolumetricefficiency

is0.93～0.98generally.Improvesthepackingringandthesealstructure,mayreducetheleakage,raisesthevolumetricefficiency.

3.Mechanicallossmechanicallossreferstotheimpellerlapsideandthepumphousingfrictionlossbetweentheliquid,namelythediscloses,aswellaspumpspindlewhenpacking,bearingandbalancingunitandsoonmechanicalpartmovementfrictionloss,generallybeforeprimarily.

Fifth,pump'sspeedchange--Proportionalitylaw

1.Centrifugalpump'sspeedchange:

Acentrifugalpump,whenitsrotationalspeedchange,itsratedflow,liftingandtheshaftpowerwillhavethechangeaccordingtothecertainproportionrelations.Atpresent,usesthefrequencyconversionvelocitymodulationelectricalmachinerytorealizecentrifugalpump'sspeedchange,isanewimportantenergyconservationway.

2.proportionalitylawexpression:

Intheformula,Q,H,N--pump'sratedflow,liftingandshaftpowerThesubscript1,2expressthedifferentrotationalspeedseparately

n--rotationalspeed

Sixth,centrifugalpump'sratiorotation

Comparedtotherotationisthecomprehensiveparameterwhichderivesbythelawofsimilarity,itistheoperatingmodefunction,toapump,thedifferentoperatingmodehasdifferentlycomparedtotherotation,foreaseofcarriesonthecomparisontothedifferenttypepump'sperformanceandthestructure,theapplicationoptimumcondition（thepeakefficiencyspot）theratiorotationrepresentsthispump.

Whenchoosesthepump,mayaccordingtojobrequirementQ,Handunifieselectricalmachinery'srotationalspeed,calculatesthensnumber,determinespump'stypeapproximately.Atthattime,

usedthepositivedisplacementpumpgenerally,atthattime,

usedthecentrifugalpump,theinterflowpump,theaxialflowpumpandsoon.

Seventh,centrifugalpump's

cavitationandinspirationcharacteristic

1.Cavitationphenomenons

Thepumpingstationtransportationmedium'sliquidconditionandthegasarecantransformmutually,thetransformedconditionisthepressureandthetemperature.Undercertaintemperature,theliquidstartsthecriticalpressurewhichvaporizesforthevaporizationpressure.Thetemperatureishigher,theliquidvaporizationpressureishigher.Pumpwhenrevolution,ifitsoverflowpartlocalregion（forexampleimpellerbladeimportlatersomewhere）,theliquidabsolutepressuredropswhenpulledoutdeliverstheliquidatthattimeunderthetemperaturevaporizationpressure,theliquidtheninthisplacestartstovaporize,thebubbleformation（airbubbleinternalpressureapproximatelywasequaltovaporizationpressure）.Whentheseairbubblesalongwithliquidflowforwardmotiontohighpressureregion,downtoaroundtheairbubblehigh-pressuredliquidcausestheairbubbletoreducesuddenlycongeals.Whileairbubblevanishing,theliquidparticlebythehighspeedpackinghole,occurshitsmutuallyformstheintensepressuresurge,causestheoverflowparttoreceivethecorrosionandthedestruction.Theaboveprocessiscalledthecavitation.

2.Cavitationwillcauseseriousresults:

（1）.hasthevibrationandthenoise.

（2）.isinfluentialtopump'soperatingperformance:

Whenthecavitationdevelopsthecertainextent,thesteambubbleproducesmassively,willstopuptheflowchannel,willcausepump'scurrentcapacity,lifting,theefficiencyandsoonobviouslytodrop.

（3）.willhavethedestructiontoflowchannel'smaterialquality:

Ismainlynearbytheleafbladeentrancethemetalweary