高中英语易错点点睛与高考突破专题09 名词性从句解析版.docx
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高中英语易错点点睛与高考突破专题09名词性从句解析版
【2015高考预测】
1.名词性从句中连接词的正确选用
2.that引导的宾语从句,wh-引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句
3.that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型
4.获that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句
5.名词性从句中,从句部分的语序要用陈述语序,不能用凝问语序
6.that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
7.Whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别
【难点突破】
一、各类名词性从句的区别
1.who/whoever,what/whatever等的用法区别:
一般说来,在名词性从句中what/who虽然不表示疑问的语气,但是所陈述的内容却是未知的,含特指意义,而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义,意为“无论什么,无论谁”,并且表达的语气很强烈。
2.whether/if的用法区别:
whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换,但是作某些介词的宾语时连接词一般用whether;whether可与ornot/or连用,用来引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等,也可与动词不定式连用;if不能与动词不定式连用。
3.“疑问词+ever”和“nomatter+疑问词”的区别;“疑问词+ever”可引导名词性从句,在从句中充当一定的成分;还可引导让步状语从句;“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,不能用
于名词性从句中。
二、解决名词性从句的相关题目的步骤
1.名词性从句可以充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语,要分清句子结构,然后再确认试题考查的名词性从句的所属类型。
2.正确选择连接词。
一般说来,引导名词性从句的连接词包括连接代词和连接副词,其中代词在从句中起名词的作用,作主语、宾语或表语;而副词则充当状语,表示时间、方式、原因等。
例1、Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor________hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.
A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever
例2、Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo________ittakestosaveherlife.
A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever
【特别提醒】
whatever
※在名词性从句中whatever语气强,一般相当于what,可被其代替。
Hewilldowhat/whateverhecantohelpus.两者均可,whatever最佳。
例3、Wepromise________attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.
A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.
whomever
例4、Theprizewillbegivento________performsbest.
A.whoB.whom
C.whoeverD.whomever
【特别提醒】
whoever/whomever
who/whom
※whoever/whomever名词性从句表示“……的人”;who/whom名词性从句表示“谁……”一件事。
例5.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose________suitsyoubest.
A.whateverB.whichever
C.wheneverD.wherever
例6、IwasinformedMr.BlackcamefromCambridgeorOxford________nowIcan'tremember.
A.whatB.which
C.whereD.when
【特别提醒】
whatever/whichever
※what
Idon'tknowwhatcolorshelikes.
which在名词性从句中作定语[which+n./pron.(单数)]有范围
Somanybookshere,Idon'tknowwhichoneIshouldtake.
例7、Thehowtobookcanbeofhelpto________wantstodothejob.
A.whoB.whomever
C.nomatterwhoD.whoever
【特别提醒】
whever
※who/whom/whoever/whomever除外
鉴别办法:
截枝法
将从句去除,若主句主干结构[即主谓(宾)/主系表]完整,则考查状语从句(定语从句无whever引
导词,同位语从句whever从未考查);若主句结构不完整,则考查名词性从句。
例8、Whydon'tyoubring________tohisattentionthatyou'retooilltoworkon?
A.thatB.itC.thisD.him
例9、Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim________hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.
A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that
例10、Wefeel________ourdutythatweshouldmakeourcountryabetterplace.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.one
【特别提醒】
常见句型
1.+
2.sb/sth+v.+it形式宾语adj./n....+
例11、Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy________children'searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhenthengrowup.
A.whyB.howC.whetherD.that
例12、Whenthenewscame________thewarbrokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.
A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.because
【特别提醒】
同位语从句后移现象
1.同位语从句为了句子结构平衡,从主句谓语之前移至主句谓语之后。
2.定语从句后移现象与之极为类似,只是从句性质不同,详见定语从句热点1·3。
例13、Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee________.
A.whoisheB.whoheis
C.whoisitD.whoitis
例14、HelooksupsetbutIdon'tknow________withhim.
A.whatisthematterB.whatthematteris
C.whatthematterwasD.whatwasmatter
例15、Iwonder________Imethimbefore!
A.wherewasitB.wherewasitthat
C.whereitwasD.whereitwasthat
【特别提醒】
1.虽然所有从句(省略、倒装特殊句式除外)都须是陈述语序,但涉及从句语序问题,大多考查名词性从句,尤其宾语从句。
2.近年来强调句型和名词性从句结合考查语序比较常见。
例16、Itdoesn'tmatter________youturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.
A.whetherB.howC.ifD.when
例17、Itdoesn’tmatter________youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.
A.howB.whetherC.whatD.why
例18、Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but________hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.
A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why
例19、Itisuncertain________sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.
A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether
【特别提醒】
whether
if
4种名词性从句
宾语从句(有限制)
whethertodo
iftodo
whether从句可作介词宾语
if从句不作介词宾语
①Idon'tknowwhetherornothewillcome.√
②Idon'tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.√
①Idon'tknowifornothewillcome.×
②Idon'tknowifhewillcomeornot.√
【易错点点睛】
易错点点睛1名词性从句中连接词的正确选用
1、Marywroteanarticleon__theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.
A.whyB.wtatC.whoD.t
hat
2、Acomp
utercanonlydo__youhaveinstructedittodo.
A.howB.afterC.whatD.when
3.__madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniver
sities.
A.What,becauseB.What,that
C.That,whatD.That,because
4.Hisabilityhasneverbeenindoubt—thequestionisheispreparedtoworkhard.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.where
5.Hecan’tanswerthequestionhegotthemoney.
A.whatB.thatC.howD.where
【特别提醒】
1.that引导名词性从句时,在从句中无意义,不作成分,只起到连接作用,在宾语从句中可省略。
Hetoldme(that)hewouldleavesoon.
2.what与出at在名词性从句中的区别。
Right:
Whathesaidwastrue.
这是一个主语从句,what在从句中作动词said的宾词,意思是:
“……话”或“……事”,此句中不能用that。
Thathecamelatemadetheteacherangry.
这个句子还是主语从句。
从句中意思完整,所以用that来引导,起到一个标志作用。
【举一反三】
1Itrytounderstand__preventsthemfrombeingas
happyasonemightexpectalthoughtheyaresorich.
A.thatB.what
C.itD.whether
2AlthoughMaryishappywithhersuccessshewonders__willhappentoherprivatelife.
A.thatB.thisC.itD.what
3Thedealertoldmehowmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycarand__Icouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.
A.whatB.thatC.不填D.whether
Ihavefoundout__theywillasktoleadthevic-torymarchonSaturday.
A.whenB.whereC.whomD.what
5Itwasnotuntildarkhefoundhethoughtwasthecorrectwaytosolvetheproblem.
A.that;whatB.that;thatC.when;thatD.when;that
易错点点睛2that引导的宾语从句,wh-引导的宾语从句以及某些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句
1.Assoonashecomesback,Iwilltellhimwhenandseehim.
A.youwillcomeB.willyoucome
C.youcomeD.doyoucome
2.Theoldlady’shandshookfrequenfiy,Sheexplainedtoherdoctor__thisshakinghadbegunhalfayearbefore,and,onlybecauseofthis,shehadbeenforcedtogiveupherjob.
A.when;howB.how;when
C.how;howD.why;why
3.Theleadersofthebattleorderedallofustheworkontime.
A.if;finishedB.that;finish
C.whether;finishedD.what;finished
【正确解答】B
4.Mostoftheuniversitystudentsareconfident__theycangetagoodjobwithhigherpay.
A.whetherB.thatC.whereD.when
5.Wefind__necessary__wepractiseEnglisheveryday.
A.it;/B.it;that
C.it’s;/D.it’s;that
【特别提醒】
1.出at引导的宾语从句出at常用来引导宾语从句,通常that可以省略。
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
注意:
在demand,order,suggest,decide等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,hat从句常用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。
2.wh-引导的宾语从句
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
3.形容词后所跟的宾语从句
某些动态形容词(afraid,confident,aware,certain,sure,doubtful等)在句中做表语时,后面可跟宾语从句。
例句:
IamconfidentthatIcangetthejob.我有信心我可以得到这份工作。
【举一反三】
1Wecan’tfigureout__quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.
A.thatB.asC.whyD.when
答案:
C
2Amodemcityhasbeensetupin__wasawaste-landtenyearsago.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
3MrSmithsuggestedthatallofthestudents__theirexercisebooks.
A.handedinB.shouldhandinC.handinginD.thathandin
4Afterfivehours’drive,theyreached__theythoughtwastheplacethey’dbeendreamingof.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what
5ItiscertainlittleTomcanworkoutsuchadifficultproblem.
A.whetherB.that
C.ifD.when
易错点点睛3that和wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型
1.AfterYanyLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how
2.hasbeenannouncedthatweshallhaveourfinalexamnextmonth.
A.AsB.ItC.WhatD.That
3.Itisashame__welostthatexpensivecar.
A.thatB.whenC.asD.if
4._seemstobeafacthedidn’tgotoattendthemeeting.
A.That;thatB.What;thatC.It;whichD.It;that
5.__Ihavedoneisonlyforyou.
A.WhatB.WhyC.WhateverD.Where
【特别提醒】
(1)that引导的主语从句
that引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末,在实际应用中常常采用it形式主语形式。
ThathepassedtheEnglishtestistrue.→
ItistruethathepassedtheEnglishtest.
(2)形式主语的四个主要句型
It+be+名词+that从句
Itisapitythat...可惜的是,用于此句型的名词还有fact/shame/honor/question等。
It+be+形容词+that从句
Itiscertainthat...很肯定,可用于此句型的形容词还有clear/better/natural
/important/neeessary.
It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
Itissaidthat...据说,可用于此句型的过去分词还有believed/known/reported等。
It+不及物动词+that从句
如:
Itseemsthat...好像是……似乎……
可用于此句型的不及物动词还有happen,appear等。
【举一反三】
1__thereislifeonanotherplaneti
salmostimpossible.
A.HowB.ThatC.whyD.Whether
2__inthenewspaperthattheJapaneseministerwillarrivenextweek.
A.ItsaysB.ItissaidC.IthassaidD.Heissaid
3__isstillasecretwhenthepresidentwillmakeapublicspeech.
A.ThatB.HeC.WhatD.It
4__Chinaisadevelopingcountryisknowntoall.
A.ThatB.When
C.IfD.Why
5__thehiddengunwasneeded
A.Where;discoveringB.When;tofind
C.Howmuch;findingD.How,todiscover
答案:
A
易错点点睛4由that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句
1.Astroygoes__ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.
A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that
2.—Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?
—oh,that’s__
A.whatmakesmefeelexcited
B.whateverfeelsmeabout
C.howIfeelaboutit
D.whenIfeelexcited
3.ThereisafeelinginmewewillneverknowwhataUFOislike.
A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what
4.Thequestionheaskedwas__theelectricalequipmentshouldbestored.
A.whatB