推荐新视野大学英语读写教程第二册笔记Unit16.docx
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推荐新视野大学英语读写教程第二册笔记Unit16
读写BK2Unit01-A
KeyWords
budgetacuteabruptassesselapseaccountfortoracethrough
1.Ifweintendtobecomeefficientlearners,wearesupposedtolearnfirsttobudgetourtimescientifically.
2.Someanimalshaveveryacutesenseofsightorsound,whileothersmayhavesharpsenseofsmellandtouch.
3.Theabruptandcrypticnatureoftheendinghaspuzzledandannoyedmanyreaders.
4.Itisstilltooearlytoassesstheeffectsofthenewly-issuedlawontrafficsafety.
5.Timeelapsessoquicklythatwhenyoubegintorealizeyoushouldcherishit,youarenolongeryoung.
6.Jennyhadtoaccounttoherhusbandforeverypennyshespent.
7.Asthetimeisrunningout,thesestudentshavetoracethroughtherestofthequestionsonthetestpaper.
MatchGame
standstill停止不前
haveanacutesenseof深深感到
restlessly焦躁不安地
seekattentioninastore指望店员的服务
pushpastyou推桑着你走过去
smallexchanges随意的闲聊
ritualinteraction礼节性交往
developasenseoftrust增进信任
makesocialappointments安排社交约会
savethefeet免去走路之劳
poursth.Into投入
Words
1.fallbehindsb./sth.（L1）：
落在……后面
①becomebitbybitfurtherbehind
Tofallbehindothers.落后于别人/Tofallbehindsb.instudy.在学习方面落后
Eg:
Likeboatinguptheriver,ifyou’renotmovingahead,you’refallingbehind.逆水行舟，不进则退。
fallbehindwithsth.：
在某方面滞后；拖欠。
②failtoproducesth.atthepropertime
e.g.
fallbehindwiththerent拖欠租金
Fallbehindwiththewagesofpeasantworkers.拖欠民工工资。
Fallbehindwithone’swork.拉下工作
2.resultin（L2）
=cause,leadto,bringabout.
用法点拨：
前因＋resultin＋后果.
Learningwithoutthinkingalwaysresultsinperplexity.学而不思则惘。
前果＋resultfrom+后因
e.g.Wearestilldealingwithproblemsresultingfromerrorsmadeinthepast.
比来比去：
*resultfrom—becausedby,becauseof.
3.accountfor（L6）
①giveasatisfactoryexplanationfor…说明
用法点拨：
Accountfor:
explain解释或说明原因。
因此不必再加上reason，以免出现内涵上的重复。
e.g.Recentpressureatworkmayaccountforhisbehavior.
用法延伸：
Accounttosb.forsth.向某人解释某事。
②beaproportionofsth.占某个数额或比例。
Eg:
Girlsaccountforhalfofourclass.
女生占我们班一半人数。
◆onaccountof由于;onnoaccount绝不；takeaccountof=take…intoaccount考虑到
4.count（L9）
vi.Ifsth.counts,it’simportantorvaluable;有价值，重要。
vt.Calculate计数
Eg:
Everyminutecounts./Everypennycounts.
Nothingcounts,moneycounts.
◆countin把……算入；counton/upon=relyon指望；countout逐一数出；countup总计
5.abrupt（L16）a.（n.abruptnesss/adv.Abruptly）
1）suddenandunexpected;突然的，意外地。
2）seemingrudeandunfriendly,esp.becauseyoudonotwastetimeinfriendlyconversation莽撞的
Eg:
Thebuscametoanabrupthalt.
Sorry,Ididn’tmeantobesoabrupt.
6.takesthpersonally（L18）
Togetupsetbythethingsotherpeoplesayordo,becauseyouthinkthattheirremarksorbehariouraredirectedatyouinparticular;认为…是针对自己而发的。
eg:
Youmustn’ttakehernegativecommentsofyourplanpersonally.
Don’ttakewhatIamgoingtosaypersonally.
7.convention（L24）
n.customarypractice习俗，惯例
比来比去：
Convention：
指为社会团体所认可的习惯做法，或双方所接受的协定。
Militaryconvention军事协定
Tradition:
指一个民族世代沿袭的传统。
e.g.TheChinesetraditions.中华民族传统。
Custom:
指地方性风俗，或一个人的习惯做法。
Local~
Practice:
指约定俗成的做法或惯例。
e.g.Internationalpractice.国际惯例
8.assess（L27）（n.assessment,assessor（examiner））
tomakeajudgmentaboutapersonorsituationafterthinkingcarefullyaboutit评估，评价,判断
Examples:
Thetechniqueisbeingtriedinclassroomtoassesswhateffectsitmayhave.
Manyoftheadultswereassessedashavinglearningdifficulties.
9.given+noun（L35）=（giventhatclause）
prep.takingintoaccount考虑到……
用法点拨：
这是一种退而论之的表达法。
Given＋n.＝Given＋that从句。
examples:
Giventheirinexperience,they’vedoneagoodjob.
Giventhatthey’reinexperienced,they’vedoneagoodjob.
10.obtain（L45）（adj.obtainable可获得的）
v.togetsomethingthatyouwant,esp.throughyourowneffort,skillorwork.获得
Eg:
Furtherinformationcanbeobtainedfromheadoffice.
Phrases:
obtainsth.fromsb./sth.obtainsth.throughsth.
11.beworthyof（L50）
deserving值得
Example.
Aresponsibleandcaringteacherisalwaysworthyofstudents’respect.
Typicalsentence:
Suchatrifleisnotworthyofmentioning.
区区小事，何足挂齿？
worth,worthy句型搭配：
beworth+n.=beworthyof+n.
beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone
sth.isworthy+ofbeingdone./tobedone.
12.competent（L52）（n.competence,competency/ad.competently/ant.incompetent）
adj.havingenoughskillorknowledgetodosomethingtoasatisfactorystandard.能干的
Example.
phrase：
（feel）competenttodosth
Heistheonlypartyleadercompetentenoughtogovernthiscountry.
Competentcitizensofthe21stcenturyare
supposedtohavegoodcommandofEnglishandcomputers.
语法1.Muchless（Stillless）…的用法
Muchless（Stillless）用以连接两个具有落差的情况。
前者为低，后者为高。
表示“前者都不成立，更不用说后者”。
前句一般为否定，后者形式上为肯定，而意义上则为否定。
相似用法为letalone,nottomention.
Muchless可参照前句的结构连接名词短语或动作行为，与前句相同的成分则可以省略，构成平行结构。
Let’spracticeit!
1.Thecompanycanhardlymakeendsmeet,muchlessexpanditsbusiness.（更不用说扩大业务了）.
2.Icannotaffordtobuyamotorcycle,（更甭提买小车了）.muchlessacar.
3.It’simpossibleforthe80-year-oldmantowalk,muchlesstorun.（更别言跑步了）.
4.Ihaveneverseentheman,muchlessspokentohim.（更谈不上跟他谈过话）.
语法2.Whereas引导的并列句
Whereas引导的并列句表示转折，引出与前句相相反或互有出入的情况，以形成鲜明的对照。
Whereas的用法相当于while,but或incontrast，只是whereas多用于文书等正式文体中。
e.g.Wethoughtshedidnotlikeus,whereasinfactshewasjustveryshy.
Theywantahouse,whereas/whilewewouldratherliveinaflat.
Translation:
1.Ashemissedhislastclass,hehadto_____________________________（向老师说明缺席的原因）.
2.Thepresidentistheonlyperson_______________________________________（真正管事的）attheuniversity.
3._________________________（期末考试在即）,soifyoudon’tworkhardenough,________________________（你可能会落后于别人）.
4.__________________________________________（看她对孩子们的兴趣）,teachingshouldbetherightcareerforher.
5.shewouldn’ttakeadrink,______________________________________________________（更别说留下吃饭了）.
6.Somepeoplehavemoremoneythantheycanspend,_____________________（而我却没有钱花）.
7.Ahappymarriage___________（未必就与金钱相随相伴）,forpeoplemaysometimes________________（成为金钱的奴隶）.
8.Becauseof_________________（天气的突变）,wehadto___________________（消磨周末时光）byplayingcardsindoors.
9.Amanwhoisgenerous,considerate,responsibleandcaring____________________________（是值得你去爱的）.
10.Whenthepoliceburstintotheroom,theyfound_________________________________（罪犯躺着死去了）.
读写BK2Unit01-B
KeyWords
clashhostiledeviserepressionregressionisolationsymptomdistinction
1.Policehaveclashedwithdemonstratorsagaintoday.
2.Theboyfeelshostiletowardshisfather.
3.Shedevisedamethodforquickercommunicationsbetweenoffices.
4.Scientistshavefoundthatmuchunhappinesswasduetomentalrepression.
5.Wewererelievedatsignsofthedisease’sregression.
6.Becauseofitsgeographicalisolation,theareadevelopeditsownuniqueculture.
7.Commonsymptomsofdiabetesareweightlossandfatigue.
8.TheActmakesnodistinctionbetweenchildrenandadults.
MatchingGame
fascinatinginterestingandattractive
appreciateunderstandandenjoy
devisethinkout,design
evidentlyobviously
marvelouswonderful,outstanding
amuse（vt.）makesb.laughorsmile
behostiletosb.beofanenemy
distressgreatpain,sadness
copewithdealwith…successfully
Words
1.havedifficulty（in）doingsth./with+n.（L7）在做……方面有困难
用法延伸：
havedifficulty（in）doingsth.
havetrouble/problem（in）doingsth.
haveagood/happytime（in）doingsth.
2.（sth.）befamiliartosb.（L8）对……熟悉,熟知
用法点拨：
Ifsth.isfamiliartoyou,it’swellknowntoyouoryouoftenexperienceorencounterit.
（sb.）befamiliarwithsth.通晓……
（sb.）befamiliarwithsb.与……亲密
Ifyouwerefamiliarwithsth.,you’veagoodknowledgeofitoryouknowitindetail.
3.cope（L20）
tosucceedindealingwithadifficultproblemorsituation.
*copewith掌控，处理
eg:
SometimesIfindithardtocope.
Localauthoritieshavetocopewiththeproblemsofhomelessness.
4.wouldratherdosth.（L26）
＝prefertodosth.
*wouldratherdoAthandoB宁愿做A不做B
*wouldrathersb.didsth.宁愿某人做某事=onepersonwouldpreferanothertodosth.
eg:
Iwouldratherdiewithglorythanlivewithshame.
Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow.（虚拟语气）
相关短语:
ratherthan—而不是……；与其……不如……
She,ratherthanyou,shouldberesponsibleforit.
otherthan—除了（用于否定句）=except;
Youcan’tgettotheislandotherthanbyboat.
otherthan—不同于，非=not
Iborrowedsomebooksotherthannovels.
5.appreciate（L43）vt.（nappreciation,adj.appreciative）
1）tounderstandhowseriousorimportantasituationorproblemisorwhatsomeone’sfeelingsare理解
Eg：
Hedidnotfullyappreciatethesignificanceofsigningthecontract.
I’mnotanexpert,butIappreciatefineworksofart.
2）tounderstandhowgoodorusefulsomeoneorsomethingis欣赏
6.acquire（L47）
vt.getsth.witheffort,learned获取（知识）
e.g.HeacquiredsomeFrenchduringhisstayinginEuropelastyear.
acquire—获得（知识/习惯等），尤指努力后获得；
achieve—取得（成就，进步等）；
retain—保持；
gain—“赢得”（名声等好的东西）；
选择题：
It’sthroughlearningthattheindividual____manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituation.（D）
A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquires
近形词：
acquire,inquire,require,request
inquire—v.ask
inquireaboutsth–咨询某事
inquiresth.ofsb.—向某人询问某事；
inquireafter—问候某人；
inquireinto—investigate
require—vt.“要求、规定；需要”
requiresb.todosth.要求、命令某人做某事
requiresth.ofsb.—asksth.ofsb.要求某人某事
requeststh.from/ofsb.—向（某人）请求某事
requestthatsb.shoulddo…请求…一事
Translationfocalpointsintext
1.Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswi
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