全英论文高中英语听说教学方法.docx

全英论文高中英语听说教学方法.docx

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全英论文高中英语听说教学方法

全英论文：

高中英语听说教学方法

AnAnalysisofEnglishTeachingApproachonListeningandSpeakinginHighSchools

Abstract

ThisarticleanalyzesEnglishteachingapproachesonlisteningandspeakinginChinesehighschools,listedsomeexistentproblemsintraditionalEnglishteachingapproaches.Suchastheresultsofteacher-centeredteachingapproaches,andvocabularyandgrammartraining’steachingapproaches,etc.Thesetraditionalteachingapproachesfailtotrainstudents’listeningandspeakingabilitytosomeextent.AccordingtoNationalEnglishTeachingOutline,ChinesehighSchoolsstudentsshouldhaveacertainlisteningandspeakingabilities.So,itisimportantforEnglishteachertotakesomeeffectiveteachingapproachestoachievethisgoalinlisteningandspeaking.Basedonthis,thisarticledoessomepracticalresearchesinEnglishteachingapproachesonlisteningandspeakingofChinesehighschools,analyzessometeachingprinciplesandteachingskillsonlisteningandspeakingofChinesehighschools,etc.Finally,theauthorjoinaconclusionthatEnglishteachingapproachshouldbetransferredfromstrengthenvocabularyandgrammartrainingtolisteningandspeakingtraining.ItagreeswithChineseEducationreform.

KeyWords

Teachingapproach;listeningandspeaking;teachingprinciple;teachingskill

摘　要

教育部在颁布的《高中英语教学大纲》中指出，“听说英语是英语教学的重要目的之一，英语教学要重视听说训练和口语能力的培养。

”传统英语听说教学方法存在着以教师教学为主，单纯重视词汇与语法的灌输而忽略了对学生的听说能力培养的不足。

这使得学生虽然熟练掌握了词汇和语法，却不能用来进行有效听说交流。

本课题通过对英语教学方法原则和技巧等相关教学因素的分析和探讨，针对目前高中听说教学中所存在的一些问题提出了自己的观点：

即培养学生的听说能力，需要为学生创设一个既和谐舒适又有语言情境的环境。

论证了有效的英语听说教学应该是：

将英语课堂教师教学的重点从词汇、语法转向学生听说能力的发展，将重视考试结果向重视学生听说过程转变。

这一结论也符合当前的英语教学改革。

关键词

教学方法；听说教学；教学原则；教学技巧

Introduction

InnowadaysChina,Englishteachingapproachesonlisteningandspeakingofhighschoolsinsistonteacher-centeredteachingapproachesemphasizeonvocabularyandgrammartraining’steachingapproaches.ThesetraditionalEnglishteachingapproachescausestudentslackofabilityoflisteningandspeaking.WiththedevelopmentofChineseeconomy,moreandmoretalentswhocanmasterEnglishareurgentlyneeded.Inordertoacclimatizeourselvestotheeconomydevelopment,weshouldtakesomeeffectiveEnglishteachingapproachestotrainexcellentstudentswhocannotonlymastervocabularyandgrammarbutalsocanusethemtocommunicatefrequently.ThisarticleanalyzesexistentproblemsintraditionalEnglishteachingapproachesofChinesehighschools,theelementsthataffectEnglishteaching,anddiscussteachingprinciplesandteachingskills,makeacomparisonbetweeninternalandexternalteachingapproaches.ThearticlegetsaconclusionthatitisbetterforEnglishteachingapproachestobetransferredfromstrengthenvocabularyandgrammartrainingtolisteningandspeakingtraining.ItalsoagreeswithChineseEducationreform.Asateacher,theauthorpracticeditatYuMenhighschool,PanZhihuacity,andgotsomeachievements.

I.InternalandExternalTeachingApproach

Intheworld,peoplehavemadealotofresearchesonEnglishteaching,butonlyafewoftheseresearchesaregenerallyintroducedandusedintheEnglishteachingoflisteningandspeakingofChinesehighschools.Inforeigncountries,therearesomeresearchesonEnglishteachingoflisteningandspeaking.Forinstance,oneoftheAmericanlinguists,BloomfieldadvancestheAudio-lingualteachingmethod.“Amongthefounders,Bloomfieldisthedeputy.”（ChenJianlin,2000）.“TheAudio-lingualteachingmethodisatrainingmethodofspeakingcompetence,andcontributestostrengthenthetrainingandthemasteringonstudyingabilities.Butitiseasytocausestudents’feeldullforthemechanizationandrepetitionofsentencestructures.Thusitcausesnon-briskatmosphereofEnglishclassroom.Atthesametime,itneglectsthecreativityoflanguagetrainingandlanguageusing.”（MeiDeming,ZhangDingquan,HuJinju,2004）.In1964,professorNelsonBrooksoriginatestheAudio-VisualApproachfortheteachingoflisteningandspeaking,whichisatrainingmethodoforalEnglishandEnglishlistening,EnglishlinguistD.A.WilkingsalsoraisestheCommunicativeApproach.InChina,thetimetopopularizeEnglishistooshort.Therefore,thelevelofEnglishteachingislow,especiallyontheEnglishteachingoflisteningandspeaking.AndEnglishteachingisinfluencedbythetraditionaleducationapproachesandexaminationeducationsystem.Fromthese,thetrainingoflisteningandspeakingisimportantandmustbeproceedinasituationwhichiscomfortableandharmonious,andthepurposeofEnglishteachingistouselanguagefreely.Forthisreason,itisnecessarytoresearchmoreeffectiveteachingapproaches.

II.TheTeachingConditioninChina

Atpresent,NationalEducationDepartmentregardstheEnglishstudyasanimportantmeasureforeducationreform.Butcomparedwithforeigneducation,itisnotenough.Inabroad,students’studybecomemoreandmoreliberal,andstudentsdon’tworryabouttheresultsofexamination,sotheypaymoreattentiontotheusageofknowledge.ButinChina,itisdifferent,particularlyinhighschools.Teachersandparentsforcethestudentstodomuchexerciseinordertopassallkindsofexaminations.Sothereisnotimeandenergytodevelopstudents’competencesofEnglishlisteningandspeaking.InChinesetraditionaleducationconcepts,headmastersandteachersbelievethatgoodstudentsarequietones.Intheclassroom,teachersalwaysrequirestudentstokeepsilent,inclass,studentsonlyusetheireyesandearstoseeandtohear,andseldomusetheirmouthstocommunicatewithteachersandclassmates.Duringclasstime,teacherspeaksmoretoteachwhilestudentsjustarepermittedtoanswerquestionwhenareasked.Infact,theeffectivestudyneedsthewholecoordination,includingusingeyesandears,mouthandbodylanguagesatthesametime.Forexample:

Whenthestudentsarethinkingofhowtoanswerquestions,somebowtheirheads,someholdtheirheadshigh,sometalktothemselvesandsomewanttogethelpfromtheirclassmates.Whenthestudentsgetanswers,somespeakloudlyandsomestillkeepsilent.Whenthestudentscan’tfindtheanswer,somekeepsilent,andsomebowtheirheadsandsomecomplainthemselveshavenoabilities.Inconsequence,keepsilentmaybehelpfulforindividualstudy,butitisreallynotgoodtotrainstudents’communicativecompetence.Inadditionto,thetraditionalteachingapproachdeeplyaffectsthepresentEnglishteaching.Duringclasstime,teachersonlyemphasisonwords,grammars,sentencestructuresandtext,andtheyforgettheobjectiveofpresentEnglishteaching.TheobjectivesputforwardbyNationalEducationDepartment“Emphasiscommunication,basisoftask,studyintheactivities,andgetknowledgeintheprocessofusinglanguage.”Theyforgetthattheirstudentsneedmoretrainingoflisteningandspeaking.Sotheseproblemsneedtogetenoughattentionoftheeducators.Andpeopleshouldsolvethenon-scientificEnglishteachingapproachesessentially.AndapplythemtothespecificEnglishclassroomteaching.

A.ExistentProblemsinEnglishTeaching

InChina,thetraditionalEnglishteachingisteacher-centeredteaching,Englishteachingmainlyconcernswithvocabularyandgrammar,underthisteachingapproach,itisdifficultforstudentstogetchancetocommunicateinclass,seldomstudentsgetchancetopracticetheiroralEnglishinclass.TraditionalEnglishteachingisbasedonexaminations.InChina,Englishteachingiscontrolledbyexaminations;thepurposeofEnglishteachingisforexaminationsandforhighmark.ThistraditionalEnglishteachingapproachignoresthetrainingofstudents’communicativeabilities.Itisunfairtostudentstolearn.Andtheteacheralwaysinterruptedthestudents’answerprocesswhenhefoundthattheanswerisnotright,thisbehaviorisnotsuitable.Forexample,whenababylearnstospeakhis/hermotherlanguage,his/hermotherdoesnotpointouthis/hermistakesatonce,mother’sbehaviorissuitableforherbabytolearnlanguagequickly,becauseskillcomesfrompractice.

   AnotherproblemistraditionalEnglishteachinglacksofproperteachingobjectives.WhatisteachingobjectivesintheEnglishclassroom?

Besidestocultivatestudents’abilitiestosolveproblems,itistotrainstudents'abilityoflisteningandspeaking.Atpresent,eitherinuniversity,inmiddleschoolorinprimaryschool,Englishclassroomistakenupbyteachers’vocabularyandgrammarteaching.Theexaminationisintheformofwritten,andignoresthefunctionoflanguagecommunication,especiallylisteningandspeakingcommunication.Asurveyindicates:

thereisfewhighschoolstudentsthinktheirteachertaketimetoteachhowtouseEnglishforcommunicationintheclassroom.

B.ElementsofInfluence

Listeningandspeakingaretwoimportantpartsforlanguagelearning,buttherearemanyotherinfluenceelements.InChina,thereisnolanguagecontextintheEnglishteachinginhighschools,sothedegreeofstudents'competenceofacceptancetoforeignlanguageisonly70%.So,itisdifficultforhighschoolstudentstocommunicateinEnglish. Hence,itisveryimportanttohelphighschoolstudentstoovercometheinfluenceofmotherlanguageintheEnglishteachingprocess.Besides,teachershouldpayattentiontothefeelingofhighschoolstudents’inthetrainingprocessoflisteningandspeaking.Inordertogetagoodresult,studentsshouldkeepcheerfulmind.

1.TraditionalTeachingApproach

Becauseoftheinfluenceoftraditionalteaching,teachersandstudentsofhighschoolsignorelisteningandspeakingalltheway,especiallybyhighschools.ItisimpossibleforstudentstopracticeoralEnglishmoreunderthepressureNationalEntranceExami