全国大学英语四级考试试题二.docx

全国大学英语四级考试试题二.docx

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全国大学英语四级考试试题二

2012年6月全国大学英语四级考试试题

（二）

　　PartIWriting（30minutes）

　　Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicShouldSmokingBeCompletelyBanned.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

　　1.有人赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是……

　　2.有人不赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是……

　　3.我的看法。

　　ShouldSmokingBeCompletelyBanned

　　PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）

　　（15minutes）

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage。

　　Space

　　OurFutureinSpace:

ItHasAlreadyBegun!

　　Weareallspacetravelers.Butwe’vestayedclosetohomeuntilnow.Oneday,wemayleaveour“mothership”Earthtomakeourhomeamongthestars。

　　Agiant,spherical“spaceship”，about8,000milesindiameter,isspeedingthroughthesolarsystemrightnow.Itiscruisingatanincredible66,600milesperhour。

　　It’snotagiant,StarWarsmothership.It’sspaceshipEarth,thehomeofoverfourbillionpeople.Thiswatercoatedspaceshiphasbeentravelingthroughtheuniverseforaboutfivebillionyears.Onlywithinthepast25years,however,havesomeofitspassengersbrokenfreeofEarth’sgravity。

　　But25yearsfromnow,manypeople,includingyou,mightliveinanorbitingspacestation200milesabovetheEarth。

　　SpaceCities

　　Scientistshavealreadydesignedspecialspacefactories.Thesefactorieswilltakeadvantageoftheabsenceofgravity（zerogravity）toproduceeverythingfromlife-savingdrugstoperfectballbearings。

　　Otherscientistshavedesignedspacecolonies,completewithfarms,schools,andartificialdayandnight.Hundreds,oreventhousands,ofpeoplewilllive,work,play—evengotoschool,farabovetheEarth。

　　Ourconquestofspace,ofcourse,hasalreadybegun.WehaveexploredpartoftheMoon,sentrobotspaceshipsontothesurfaceofVenusandMars,andaimedspaceprobespasttheplanetsofJupiterandSaturn。

　　LastJune,onerobotship,Pioneer10,leftoursolarsystemforever.AndastronautsfromboththeSovietUnionandtheUnitedStateshavelivedinspacestations。

　　Theconquestofspace,withoutquestion,isoneofthegreatestadventureshumanbeingshaveeversetouton.Butitmaybemorethanagreatadventure.Somescientiststhinktheconquestofspacemaybeanecessityforsurvivalofthehumanspecies。

　　WearetearingupmoreandmoreoftheEarthtogetrawmaterialsforindustry.Andwearepollutingtheairandwateraswemanufactureproductsthatweneedorwant.Almosteverythingthatseemstomakeourlivesmorecomfortable,andfromelectricitytopesticides,usesuporaltersapieceofourplanet’snaturalenvironment。

　　WhyGointoSpace?

　　Yetoursolarsystemisfullofresources.Themoonischockfullofvaluablemetals.Soaretheasteroids,thesmall,rocky,planet-likebodiesorbitingthesunmostofthembetweenMarsandJupiter.Thesemetals,ifwecangetthem,couldbeusedtobuildfactoriesandspacestations.Also,inspace,thereisnoatmospheretofilteroutthesun’senergy.Thereisplentyofsolarenergytobeturnedintoelectricityformanufacturing,forcreatingcomfortablelivingconditions。

　　GettingawayfromEarthhasotheradvantages,too.Modernindustryusesmanykindsofmetalalloys（mixturesofmetalthatarebetterforcertainpurposesthanpuremetals）.Yetsomemetalalloyseithercan’tbemadeorareveryexpensivetomakeonEarthbecauseofgravity.Forinstance,certainmetalsdon’tmixwellonEarth.Butinzerogravity,molten（hot,liquid）metalsmixmoreevenly.Thisisbecausethereisnogravitytopulltheheaviermetalsdown,whilethelighteronesfloatontop。

　　Fromspace,too,wecanlookdownontheEarthandstudytheatmosphere,itsweather,andtheeffectsofairpollution。

　　Andbecausethereisnostronggravitytobreakfreefrom,ourfuturehomesawayfromEarthwillbeconvenientstartingpointsfortraveltodistantplanets。

　　But,whilegoingintospacemightsolvesomeproblems,outerspacecanalsobeadangerousplace.Forexample,inouterspace,wehavetoprotectourselvesfromthedangersofultravioletlightandcosmicrays.UltravioletlightfromthesuncangiveusbadsunburnsrighthereonEarth.Yet,Earth’satmospherescreensoutmostofthatharmfulradiation.Cosmicraysaretinyhighenergyparticlesfromouterspace.Again,theEarthshieldsusfrommostofthem。

　　AtHomeinSpace?

　　Butinspace,withoutspecialprotection,wewouldbeexposedtomuchstrongerradiationfromultravioletlightandcosmicrays.Also,inthezerogravityofouterspace,ourboneswilllosecalciumandbecomeweaker.Thiswillbemoreofaproblemthelongerpeoplestayoutinspace.Doctorsarelookingforawaytokeepourbonesfromlosingcalciuminouterspace.Andasmallspaceshipjustmight“driveyoubatty”afterawhile.Butevenonashorttripinouterspace,youmightnotfeelaswellasyou’dliketo.Spacetravelcouldmakeyouseasick!

　　Yet,theseriskswon’tkeeppeoplefromgoingintospace.Eventually,anEarth-likeenvironmentwillbebuiltinspace.Andtheywillbepopulatedbypeoplewithmanydifferentinterests:

medicine,construction,farming,teaching,mining,andsoon。

　　Thenexthundredyearswillbefilledwithotherworldlyadventures,excitingscientificdiscoveries,anddanger,ashumansleaveEarth—perhapsforever。

　　AginginSpace

　　Supposeaspacetravelerismovingatavelocityof186,200milespersecond.Foreveryhourthatpassesforhim,30hourspassonEarth.Ifhetravelsforayearinthisfashion（havingacceleratedinstantaneously）andthenturnsaroundandcomesbackatthisspeed（havingturnedaroundinstantaneously），hewillfindthatwhilehehasseemedtohimselftohavetraveledtwoyears,themenonEarthwouldclaimhehadbeenabsentfor30years。

　　Supposethespacetravelerhadleftattheageof30,leavingbehindatwinbrotheralsoaged30.Whenhereturnedhewouldbe32,buthisstay-at-hometwinbrotherwouldbe60.Thatiswhythe“clockparadox”，issometimescalledthe“twinparadox”。

　　Ofcourseittakesquitealongwhiletoacceleratetoahighspeed,andalongwhiletomakeaturnandheadbackagain,soconditionsaren’tquiteasclearcutasjustdescribed。

　c　1.Thegiant,sphericalspaceshipmentionedinthepassageis。

　　[A]theouterspace[B]aman-madespaceship

　　[C]theplanetEarth[D]theStarWarsmother-ship

　　b2.Somepersonshavetraveledintoouterspaceafterconqueringwithinthepast25years。

　　[A]theuniverse[B]Earth’sgravity

　　[C]theearth[D]outerspace

　c　3.Wehaveexploredorsentrobotspaceshipstothefollowingspaceexcept。

　　[A]themoon[B]Venus[C]Jupiter[D]Marscbcbcac

　　b4.Whyistheconquestofspacemorethanagreatadventure?

　　[A]Becauseitisfullofchallengesforhumanbeings。

　　[B]Becauseitmaybenecessaryforhumanbeingstosurvive。

　　[C]Becauseitisthegreatestadventureinhumanhistory。

　　[D]Becauseitismoreexcitingthananyotheradventures。

　c　5.Themoonandtheasteroidsarealikewithrespecttotheir。

　　[A]sizeandmovingways[B]comfortablelivingconditions

　　[C]richandvaluablemetals[D]solarenergy

　a　6.Whycan’tultravioletlightscorchourskinonEarthasseriouslyasitdoesinspaceplaces?

　　[A]BecausetheEarth’satmospherecanmakeultravioletlightlessharmful。

　　[B]Becauseultravioletcan’treachtheEarthatall。

　　[C]BecausetheEarthisfarawayfromthoseplanetsradiatingultravioletlight。

　　[D]Becauseotherspaceplacesisnearfromthoseplanetsradiatingultravioletlight。

　c　7.Inspiteofmanyrisks,scientistswillfinallybuildinspacesuitableforhumanstolive。

　　[A]anenvironmentwithoutultravioletlight

　　[B]alotofhomes

　　[C]anEarth-likeenvironment

　　[D]anenvironmentwithatmosphere

　　8.Thereasonsomemetalalloyscan’tbemadeonEarthisthattheheaviermetals____donotmixwell_______togetherwiththelighterones。

　　9.Inspace,thereisnoatmospheretofilteroutthesun’senergy.Thereisplentyofsolarenergytobeturnedinto_____electricityformanufacturing________,forcreatingcomfortablelivingconditions。

　　10.Accordingtotheauthor,______thelosingofcalcium____________willbecausedtoamaningravity-freespace。

　　PartIIIListeningComprehension（35minutes）

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre。

　　11.[A]Tennisequipment。

　　[B]Volleyballequipment。

　　[C]Footballequipment。

　　[D]Basketballequipment。

　　12.[A]Hemustmeethisteacher。

　　[B]Hemustattendaclass。

　　[C]Hemustgooutwithhisgirlfriend。

　　[D]Hemuststayatschooltofinishhishomework。

　　13.[A]It’snotasgoodasitwas.[B]It’sbetterthanitusedtobe。

　　[C]It’sbetterthanpeoplesay.[D]It’sevenworsethanpeoplesay。

　　14.[A]Becausehedoesn’tlikefootball。

　　[B]BecauseMariafellill。

　　[C]Becausehedidn’thavethetime。

　　[D]BecauseMariacan’tstandfootball。

　　15.[A]Atemporaryjob。

　　[B]Apermanentjob。

　　[C]Somemoneyforthevacation。

　　[D]Somemoneyfortheuniversityfees。

　　16.[A]Thewomandidmostofthetalking。

　　[B]Themandidmostofthetalking。

　　[C]The