备战高考英语 信息匹配和阅读理解训练题与答案1.docx

备战高考英语 信息匹配和阅读理解训练题与答案1.docx

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备战高考英语信息匹配和阅读理解训练题与答案1

备战2014高考英语信息匹配和阅读理解训练题与答案

（1）

　　任务型阅读

　　（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　WarrenBuffett

　　Forsomeonewhoissuchasuccessfulinvestor,WarrenBuffettcomesoffasaprettyordinaryguy.HewasbornonAugust30,1930.__71__Heusedtogodoortodoorandsellsodawater.WhenhisfamilymovedtoWashington,BuffettbecameapaperboyforTheWashingtonPost.Buffettranhisfivepaperroutesandevenaddedmagazinestoroundouthisproductofferings.Whilestillinschool,hewasmaking$175amonth,afulltimewageformanymen.

　　__72__Hespent$1,200on40acresoffarmlandinNebraska.Heandafriendalsomade$50aweekbyplacingpinballmachinesinbarbershops.Theycalledtheirventure（企业）WilsonCoinOperatedMachineCo.

　　Alreadyasuccessfulsmalltimebusinessman,Buffettwasn’tinterestedingoingtocollegebutendedupattheUniversityofPennsylvania—hisfatherencouragedhimtogo.__73__Buthewasturneddown,whichhadtobeoneoftheworstadmissiondecisionsinHarvardhistory.TheoutcomeaffectedBuffett’slife,forheendedupattendingColumbiaBusinessSchool,wherehestudiedunderProfessorBenjaminGrahamthefatherofsecuritiesanalysiswhoprovidedthefoundation（基础）forBuffett’sinvestmentstrategy.

　　Fromthebeginning,Buffettmadehisfortunefrominvesting.Hestartedwithallthemoneyhehadmadefromsellingsodawater,deliveringpapers,andoperatingpinballmachines.Between1950and1956,hegrewhis$9,800to$14,000.__74__Andthenhegraduallydrewinotherinvestorsthroughwordofmouthandveryattractiveterms.

　　__75__Hedoesn’tcollecthousesorcarsorworksofart,andhedisdains（鄙视）companiesthatwastemoneyonexpensivecars,privatediningrooms,andhighpricedrealvillas.Heisacreatureofhabit—samehouse,sameoffice,samecity,samesodawater.

　　A.ThenBuffettappliedtoHarvardBusinessSchool.

　　B.Buffettismorelikelytobefoundinafourstarrestaurant.

　　C．Whenhewas14,Buffettdevelopedgreatinterestininvestment.

　　D．Evenasayoungchild,Buffettwasseriousaboutmakingmoney.

　　E.OnethingisforsureaboutBuffett:

heishappytodowhatheisdoing.

　　F.Buffett’sinvestmentstrategymirrorshislifestyleandhisoverallphilosophy.

　　G.Fromthere,heorganizedinvestmentpartnershipswithhisfamilyandfriends.

　　【答案】　　

　　阅读理解

　　Mostkidssufferfromthecommoncoldupto10timesanow，thereisnoknowncureforsniffles，sneezes，andcoughs.

　　Buthelpcouldbeontherecentlyannouncedtheyhavemadesomeprogressinfindingacureforthecommonrhinovirus（rhinoisGreekfor“nose”）causesmorethan50percentofmostteamofresearchersfromaroundtheUnitedStateshasdecoded（解码）the99knownstrains，ortypes，ofrhinovirus.

　　Itturnsoutthevirusthatcausesasimplecoldismuchmorecomplicatedthanresearchersoncehavedeterminedthatyoucanhavetwoseparatestrainsofrhinovirusatthesamestrainscanworkvirusescanmovetheirgeneticmaterialslowlyinsideyourifthathappens，awholenewstrainofvirusgetscreated.

　　Therhinovirus’sabilitytochangelikethatmakesoneperson’scolddifferentfromanotherperson’，it’sverydifficulttodevelopaneffectivevaccine（疫苗）tofightthisnewresearchdoesopenthedoorfordevelopingmoreeffectivewaystotreatcoldsonceapersonhasone.“Wemayhavetohavefourorfivedrugs，andyou’dneedatestatyourdoctor’sofficetoknowwhichdrugwillarenowquitecertainthataveryeffectivetreatmentforthecommoncoldisathand，”saidDr.StephenB．Liggett，anauthoroftherhinovirusstudy.

　　Liggettalsohopesthatfindingawaytofightrhinoviruswillhelppeoplewhosufferfromasthma（哮喘）．Commoncoldssetoffmorethan50percentofasthmaifcoldscanbecutshort，thenamajorcauseofasthmaattacksisgonetoo.

　　Butdon’tputawaythechickensoupjustyet.There’sstilllotsoftestinganddevelopmenttobedonebeforeanyofthesecold“cures”canbeavailabletothedevelopmentandgovernmentapprovalcantakemany，fornow，justkeepwashingyourhandsandgetplentyofsaythat’sthebestwaytostayawayfromthesniffles.

　　1．Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout________.

　　A．howthecoldcauserworksandhowitiscreated

　　B．howscientistsdevotetheireffortstothecoldresearch

　　C．whatremainstobedoneindealingwiththecommoncold

　　D．whychildrensufferfromthecommoncoldsooften

　　2．Whyisitdifficulttodevelopaneffectivevaccinetofightthecommoncold?

　　A．Becausemedicaltechnologyisn’tadvancedenough.

　　B．Becausenotwocoldsarecausedbyexactlythesamestrainofvirus.

　　C．Becauseit’snotworthdevelopingavaccineforthecommoncold.

　　D．Becausemanydrugsforthecommoncoldhavealreadybeeninvented.

　　3．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply?

　　A．Neverthrowawaythechickensoupwhileyouareeatingchickens.

　　B．Don’tthinkthatdrinkingchickensoupisaneffectivewaytopreventcolds.

　　C．Don’ttakeitforgrantedthatthesecold“cures”canbeputintoclinicalpracticeimmediately.

　　D．Don’tdrinkanychickensoupbeforeyougetrecoveredfromacold.

　　4．WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

　　A．Mostofcoldsarecausedbytherhinovirus.

　　B．Scientistshadthoughtthecoldvirusesarefarmorecomplicatedthanfacts.

　　C．Overhalfofasthmaattacksarerelatedtocommoncolds.

　　D．Aneffectivecureforthecommoncoldisabouttobefound.

　　5．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

　　A．ProtectYourKidsfromtheCommonCold

　　B．YouOnlyDoItbyNatureIfYouCatchaCold

　　C．ScientistsMakeProgressinCuringtheCommonCold

　　D．UsefulTipsforYoutoStayawayfromtheSniffles

　　【参考答案】---------阅读理解

　　1．A2．B3．C4．B5．C

　　（201*·河南部分重点联考）

　　MostAmericanswouldhaveadifficulttimetellingyou,specifically,whatarethevalueswhichAmericansliveby.Theyhavenevergiventhematteranythought.

　　OvertheyearsIhaveintroducedthousandsofinternationalvisitorstolifeintheUnitedStates.ThishascausedmetotrytolookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors.Iamconfidentthatthevalueslistedinthisbookletdescribemost（butnotall）Americans,andthatunderstandingthesevaluescanhelpyou,theinternationalvisitor,understandAmericans.

　　Itismybeliefthatifforeignvisitorsreallyunderstandhowdeeplythese13valuesareingrainedinAmericans,theywillthenbeabletounderstand95%ofAmericanactions—actionswhichmightotherwiseappear“strange”，“confusing”，or“unbelievable”whenevaluatedfromtheperspective（aspect）oftheforeigner’sownsocietyanditsvalues.

　　Thedifferentbehaviorsofapeopleoraculturemakesenseonlywhenseenthroughthebasicbeliefs,assumptionsandvaluesofthatparticulargroup.Whenyouencounter（meet）anaction,orhearastatementintheUnitedStateswhichsurprisesyou,trytoseeitasanexpressionofoneormoreofthevalueslistedinthisbooklet.

　　1.AnordinaryAmericancan’ttellyouhis/hervaluesystembecause________.

　　A.thisissomethinganAmericanlivesby

　　B.everyonewillhavehis/herownvaluesystem

　　C.he/shehasneverthoughtaboutit

　　D.valuesaresomethingoftenintheirthought

　　2.Theauthorlists13valuesinhisbookletto________.

　　A.inviteforeignerstovisitAmerica

　　B.lookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors

　　C.describetheconfusingactionsofmostAmericans

　　D.helpinternationalvisitorsunderstandAmericans

　　3.Theunderlinedword“ingrained”inLine2,Paragraph3mostprobablymeans“________”．

　　A.rootedintheminds

　　B.foundinthegrains

　　C.plantedforfood

　　D.preparedwithgrain

　　4.VisitorssometimesfindAmericansbehaveinastrange,confusingorunbelievableway,probablybecause______.

　　A.Americansarehardtounderstand

　　B.Americanshavevalueswhichareentirelydifferentfromtheirown

　　C.theyviewAmericansaccordingtothevaluesintheirownsociety

　　D.itisdifficulttounderstandanypeoplewhenyoufirstencounterthem

　　答案与解析：

　　本文是一本书的序言。

作者观察到，很多外国游客对美国人的行为举止觉得很奇怪，而这是因为他们不了解美国人的价值观。

于是作者写了一本小册子介绍这些价值观。

了解了这些东西，人们就不会觉得美国人的行为“怪异、不可思议”了。

　　1．C　细节理解题。

第一段说，美国人很难告诉你他们奉行的价值观是什么，因为他们从来没有想过这个问题。

　　2．D　推理判断题。

由第二、三段的内容可知作者列出美国人的13条价值观是为了帮助外国游客理解美国人的行为举止

　　3．A　词义猜测题。

结合上下文内容可知这13条是美国人从来不加考虑而奉行的价值观，因此这些是深深地扎根于美国人的大脑中的东西，画线词的含义应该是A项。

　　4．C　推理判断题。

第三段说假如外国游客从自己的文化价值观的角度去看美国人的行为，他们就会觉得美国人的行为表现“怪异，让人看不懂，难以相信”，由此可知选C项。

　　（2010*唐山联考）

　　Wethoughtwehaditall—abeautifulhouse,threehealthychildrenandonemoreontheway,twocars,acoupleoffourwheelersforentertainment—andwelovedit.Then,themarketturnedandmyhusband’sjobataconstructioncompanywasgone.Thecompanywasclosingdownforgood.

　　Webothstartedlookingforjobsrightaway,butthereweren’tanytobefound.Witheachpassingdayweweregettingincreasinglyworriedandwecontinuedtoworktogetherinordertopullourfamilythrough.The__more__we__pulled__together,__the__closer__we__got.IfeltfeelingsofadmirationformyhusbandthatIhadn’tfeltinyears.

　　That’swhyitwassohardformetowatchhimblamehimselfforourpresentsituation.Icontinuallyaskedhimtostop,butheseemedtowanttopunishhimselffornothavingajob.

　　Finally,oneafternoonIpulledhimasideandsaid,“Wehavefourhealthychildrenandeachother.That’swhat’simportant.Thatmakesyouarichman.”

　　“Butwhatifwelosethehouse?

They’llhateme—you’llhateme，”hereplied.

　　Ismiledathimandputmyhandsonbothsidesofhisfacetomakehimlookmeintheeye.“NomatterwhereweliveIwillbehappy—aslongasIhaveyou.”Ismiledagain.InallthestrugglingtogetherIhadfoundthatdeeploveforhimthatIhado