高考英语押题卷及答案.docx

高考英语押题卷及答案.docx

《高考英语押题卷及答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语押题卷及答案.docx（37页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

高考英语押题卷及答案

2015年江西省高考押题精粹

英语

本卷共18题，三种题型：

阅读理解、英语知识运用和写作。

阅读理解10小题，英语知识运用4小题，写作4小题。

第一部分阅读理解（共10小题）

第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

A1

AreportfromtheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences'Commissionrevealsthat,duetoajobmarketwhichdisproportionatelyrewardsgraduatesinSTEM（science,technology,engineering,andmathematics）fields,moreandmorestudentsareseekingdegreesinbusinessandhard-sciencesubjects.

Someinstitutionshaverespondedbycuttingbudgetsintheartsandhumanitiesanddirectingthosefundselsewhere.That'sthewrongthingtodo.Thehumanitiesstudyoflanguages,literature,history,philosophy,religion,ethics,etc.-andtheartsarevitaltoourfuture.Weshouldbeinvestingmorefunds,moretimeandmoreexpertise,notless,intotheseendeavors.

Whatdetractors（诋毁者）ofthe"soft"subjectsmissisthattheartsandhumanitiesprovideanessentialframeworkandcontextforunderstandingthewiderworld.Studyingthehumanitiesstrengthenstheabilitytocommunicateandworkwithothers.Itallowsstudentstodevelopbroadintellectualandculturalunderstanding;itnurturescreativityanddeepensparticipationinpublicdiscourseandmodemdemocracy.

Thecommission'sreportpointsoutthat"attheverymomentwhenChinaisseekingtoadoptourmodelofbroadeducationinthehumanities,socialsciencesandnaturalsciencesasastimulustoinvention,theUnitedStatesisinsteadnarrowingourfocusandabandoningoursenseofwhateducationhasbeenandshouldcontinuetobeoursenseofwhatmakesAmericagreat."

Thesearethetellingstatistics:

First,federalfundingforhelpingAmericanstudentsincludeinternationaltrainingintheireducationhasbeencut41percentinfouryears.Second,theNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgresstestshowsthatonlylessthanaquarterofeighth-and12th-gradeUSstudentsareproficientinreading,writingandcivics.

HowcanwepossiblyequiptheUSforitsleadershiproleinanincreasinglyconnectedworldifwearenotadequatelyteachingstudentstocommunicateandhelpingthemunderstandandencounterdiverseperspectives?

Ifwefailtoinvestintheartsandhumanities,ourcountry'sfutureleaderswillnothavetheabilitytoconnectonanemotionallevelwithothers.Thisabilityisdevelopedbystudyingthehumanities,andintheglobalcommunitythisskillisnotoptional-it'sessential.

Inaword,wemustenthusiasticallysupportandfundthestudyoftheartsandhumanities.Foranyoneconcernedwithhowthistranslatesintoasoundeconomyandasoundfinancialfuture,simplyrecallwhatSteveJobstoldgraduatesofStanfordUniversityin2005:

OneofthemostinfluentialexperiencesinhisbrieftimeatReedCollegewashisexposuretothefineartofcalligraphy（书法）．Ittaughthimtheimportantlessonoftherelationshipbetweendisciplineandcreativity.

1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Businessandhard-sciencesubjectsarebasedupontheartsandhumanities.

B.AtpresenttoomuchemphasisandinvestmentareputonscienceinAmerica.

C.MorestudentswilllearntheartsandhumanitiesinsteadofscienceintheUSA.

D.ChinahasspentmoremoneyinthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesthantheUSA.

2.TheauthormentionsSteveJobsinthelastparagraphtoprovethat_____.

A.sciencehasacloserelationshipwiththeartsandhumanities

B.investmentintheartsandhumanitiespromoteseconomicdevelopment

C.calligraphyplaysadeterminingroleinSteveJobs'accomplishment

D.ReedCollegesupportsandfundsthestudyoftheartsandhumanities

3.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.SignificanceofartsandhumanitiesB.Keyqualitiesoffutureleaders

C.DeclineofartsandhumanitiesD.Riseandfallofhardsciences

答案：

1.B2.B3.A

解析：

1.B，推断题，根据第一段最后一句话：

moreandmorestudentsareseekingdegreesinbusinessandhard-sciencesubjects.越来越多的学生学习理科和商业说明现在国家把重点和投资投在了这些方面。

2.B，细节推断题，举SteveJobs的例子，就是为了证明上句话：

Foranyoneconcernedwithhowthistranslatesintoasoundeconomyandasoundfinancialfuture,投资和支持艺术与人文科学可以促进经济的发展。

3.A，主旨题，文章最后一段总结全文，反映题目，它强调了艺术和人文科学的重要性。

A2

FuelCellTechnologyforCars

Fillherupwithhydrogen?

That'swhatsome

Californiamotoristsmaybesayingsoon,ascarmakerstry

tospeedupproductionofzeroemission（零排放）carsto

meetstaterequirementsinthenearfuture.

BeneaththeskinofthisordinarylookingHondas

FCXConceptVehiclesitsanelectro-chemicalreactor:

a

handbuilt,astronomicallyexpensivepowerplantknown

asafuelcell.It'sexpectedtoberunningordinaryfamilycarsonCalifornia'sroadswithinthreeyears.

Sowhatexactlyisafuelcell,anyway?

Whyaregovernments,privatebusinessesandacademicinstitutionscooperatingtodevelopandproducethem?

Afuelcell,verysimplydescribed,isapowergenerator,makingelectricitythroughthecombinationofhydrogenandoxygen.Fuelcellsgenerateelectricalpowerquietlyandefficiently,withoutpollution,unlikepowersourcesthatusefossilfuels,theonlyby-productsfromanoperatingfuelcellareheatandwater.Tobemoretechnicalaboutit,ahydrogenatomwithitsoneelectron,attemptstopassthroughafuelcellmembrane（膜）tounitewithanoxygenatom.Themembraneallowsonlythehydrogenproton（质子）topassthrough,forcingitselectrontorunaroundthemembranetocatchupwiththeprotonontheotherside.Thiscreateselectricity,water,andheat,butnoexhaustemissions.

Ifthefuelcellispoweredwithpurehydrogen,ithasthepotentialtobeupto80-percentefficient,Thatis,itturns80percentoftheenergycontentofthehydrogenintoelectricalenergy.However,westillneedtoturntheelectricalenergyintomechanicalwork.Thisisaccomplishedbytheelectricmotor.Areasonablenumberfortheefficiencyofthemotorisabout80percent.Sowehave80-percentefficiencyingeneratingelectricity,and80-percentefficiencyturningitintomechanicalpower.Thatgivesanoverallefficiencyofabout64percent.Honda'sFCXconceptvehiclereportedlyhas60-percentenergyefficiency,whichistwiceoreventhreetimesmoreefficientthanusualcars.

Butinspiteofalltheadvantagesdescribedabove,expertssay,"Westillhavetechnicalchallengesgettingthisextremelycomplexsystemtoworkproperly,thewaycustomersexpectittowork.Therearechallengesinusingnewfuels,andprovidingthenewfuelbasicfacilities.Andbeforefuelcellvehicleshittheroad,therewillhavetobeanetworkofhydrogenstationsthatwillallowdriverstofillupwiththeflammablegas,under36-hundredpoundsofpressure."

4.WhatcanbeinferredfromCalifornia's"zeroemissionspolicy"?

A.Newcarswithfuelcelltechnologywillsurelybecomemuchcheaper.

B.Bycarryingoutthepolicy,trafficwillnotbesobusyasitisnow.

C.ThequalityoflifeinCaliforniawillimproveoncethispolicyisineffect.

D.Withfacilitiesofnewkinds,morelocalemploymentwillbecreated.

5.Whatdoesthephrase"powerplant"referto?

A.Apowerdevicegeneratingelectricity.B.Apowerstationprovidingelectricity.

C.Apowercomponentconsumingelectricity.D.Apowerengineusingelectricity.

6.Oneofthereasonswhyfuelcellpoweredvehiclesaresuperioristhat..

A.theygiveoutalmostnowaterorheatB.theyrunfasterandmoresmoothly

C.theygiveoutalmostnonoiseD.theyturn64%oftheenergyintoelectricity

7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?

A.Customerswillnotthinkitagoodideatodevelopfuelcelltechnology.

B.Itisstillnotveryeasytospeedupproductionofzeroemissioncars.

C.Wecan'tignorethefinancialproblemstobuildanetworkofhydrogenstations.

D.Westillhavemuchdifficultyturningallthechainsofthebusinessintoreality.

答案：

4.C5.A6.C7.D

解析：

4.C，推断题，如果汽车零排放政策生效后，那么市民的生活质量一定会提高，因为污染减少了，故答案选C，其他选项没有道理。

5.A，词义猜测题，根据句子结构可知，powerplant就是指的后面的fuelcell（燃料电池），还有下段中句子Afuelcell,verysimplydescribed,isapowergenerator,makingelectricitythroughthecombinationofhydrogenandoxygen.。

故据此推断答案选A，一个发电装置。

6.C，细节题，根据第三段中句子：

Fuelcellsgenerateelectricalpowerquietlyandefficiently,withoutpollution。

燃料电池发电安静、高效、无污染。

7.D，细节题，根据第一句话：

Butinspiteofalltheadvantagesdescribedabove,expertssay,"Westillhavetechnicalchallengesgettingthisextremelycomplexsystemtoworkproperly,可知，现在利用该项技术还有较大挑战。

A3

WhenDeKalbWalcottIIIwasjust8yearsold,hisfather,aChicagofirechief,lethimtagalongonacall.DeKalbsaysalotofkidsidolizedbasketballplayerMichaelJordanwhenhewasgrowingupinChicagointhe1990s.Nothim.

"IwantedtobelikeDeKalbWalcottJr.,"hesaysofhisfather.

Sowhenhisdadaskedifhewantedtogoonthatcallwithhimwhenhewas8,DeKalbwasexcited."I'mjumpingupanddown,saying,"Mom,canIgo?

CanIgo?

'"

TheexperiencechangedDeKalb’slife,hetellshisdadonavisittoStoryCorps."Myeyesgotbigfromthemomentthealarmwentoff."theyoungerDeKalbsays.“ThisisthelifethatIwanttolivesomeday.”

Now27,theyoungerDeKalbislivingthatlife.Hebecameafirefighterat21andwenttoworkalongsidehisdadattheChicagoFireDepartment.Beforehisfatherretired,thepairevenwentoutonacalltogether—fathersupervising（监督）son.

"Youknow,it'severythingformetowatchyougrow,"hisfathersays.Buthealsorecallsworryingaboutoneparticularfirethathissonfaced.

"Ireceivedaphonecallthatnight.Andtheysaid,'Well,yoursonwasatthisfire.'Isaid,'OK,whichwayisthisconversationgoingtogo?

'“DeKalbWalcottJr.recalls.

"Andtheysaid,'buthe'sOK.Andheputitoutallbyhimself.Everybodyherewasproudofhim.'

"Andthewordwentaround,'