高考英语阅读理解训练十一.docx

高考英语阅读理解训练十一.docx

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高考英语阅读理解训练十一

高考英语阅读理解训练十一

Passage1

Societiesallovertheworldnameplacesinsimilarways.Quiteoftenthereisnoofficialnamingceremonybutplacestendtobecallednamesaspointsofreferencebypeople.Thenanorganizedbodystepsinandgivestheplaceaname.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:

Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiedhard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.

ManyroadsandplacesinSingapore（新加坡）arenamedinorderthatthepioneerswillberememberedbyfuturegenerations.ThuswehavenamessuchasStamfordRoadandRafflesPlace.Thisisinkeepingwithtraditionsinmanycountries—inboththeWestandtheEast.

Anotherwayofnamingplacesisnamingthemafterotherplaces.Perhapstheywerenamedtopromotefriendshipsbetweenthetwoplacesoritcouldbethatthepeoplewhousedtolivetherewereoriginallyfromtheplacesthattheroadswerenamedafter.ThemysteryisclearerwhenweseesomeoftheroadsnamedinformerBritishbases.IfyoustepintoSelectorAirbaseyouwillseePiccadillyCircus—obviouslynamedbysomehomesickRoyalAirForcepersonnel.

Someplaceswerenamedaftertheactivitiesthatusedtogoonatthoseplaces.BrasBasahRoadisaninterestingexample.“BrasBasah”means“wetrice”inMalay（马来语）.Nowwhywouldanyonewanttonamearoad“WetRiceRoad”?

Thereasonissimple.Duringthepioneeringdays,wetricewaslaidouttodryalongthisroad.

AfewroadsinSingaporearenamedbytheirshapes.Thereis“CircularRoad”forone.Otherroadsmayhavepartoftheirnamestodescribetheirshapes,like“PayaLebarCrescent”.Thisroadiscalledacrescent（月牙）becauseitbeginsonthemainroad,makesacrescentandcomesbacktojointhemainroadagain.

1.WelearnfromParagraph1that______.

A.thegovernmentisusuallythefirsttonameaplace

B.manyplacestendtohavemorethanonename

C.aceremonywillbeheldwhenaplaceisnamed

D.peopleprefertheplacenamesgivenbythegovernment

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“diehard”inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Changesuddenly.B.Changesignificantly.

C.Disappearmysteriously.D.Disappearveryslowly.

3.Whichofthefollowingplacesisnamedafteraperson?

A.RafflesPlace.B.SelectorAirbase.

C.PiccadillyCircus.D.PayaLebarCrescent.

4.BrasBasahRoadisnamed______.

A.afterapersonB.afteraplace

C.afteranactivityD.byitsshape

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.SomeplacenamesinSingaporearethesameasinBritain.

B.SomeplacesinSingaporearenamedformilitarypurposes.

C.ThewaySingaporeansnametheirplacesisunique.

D.YoungSingaporeanshaveforgottenthepioneers.

Passage2

ManyofChina'sancientarchitecturaltreasuressmashedtodustbeforeLinHuiyinandLiangSichengbegandocumentingtheminthe1930s.ThehusbandandwifeteamwereamongthefirstpreservationiststooperateinChina,andbyfarthebestknown.Theireffortshavesinceinspiredgenerationsofpeopletospeakoutforarchitecturethreatenedbytherushtowarddevelopment.BecomingChina'sbestarchitecturalhistorianswasnoeasyaccomplishment.Thebuildingstheywantedtosavewerecenturiesold,locatedindistantpartsofthecountry.Inmanycases,theyhadtojourneythroughdangerousconditionsintheChinesecountrysidetoreachthem.ExploringChina'sremoteareasduringthe1930smeanttravelingmuddy,poorlymaintainedroadsbymule（骡子）oronfoot.Innswereoftendirty,foodcouldbepolluted,andtherewasalwaysriskofviolencefromrebels,soldiersandrobbers.

　　TheirgreatestdiscoverywastheTempleofBuddha'sLight,inWutaiCounty,ShanxiProvince.Thebreathtakingwoodentemplewasbuiltin857A.D.,makingittheoldestbuildingknowninChinaatthetime.

　　LiangandLincrawledintothetemple'smostforbidding,forgottenareastodetermineitsage,includingonehideawayinhabitedbythousandsofbatsandmillionsofbedbugs,coveredindustandlitteredwithdeadbats."Incompletedarknessandamongtheawfulsmell,hardlybreathing,withthickmaskscoveringournosesandmouths,wemeasured,drew,andphotographedwithflashlightsforseveralhours.Whenatlastwecameouttotakeabreathoffreshair,wefoundhundredsofbedbugsinourbag.Weourselveshadbeenbadlybitten.Yettheimportanceandunexpectednessofourfindmadethosethehappiesthoursofmyyearshuntingforancientarchitecture."Liangwroteoftheexperienceinanaccountincludedin"LiangandLin:

PartnersinExploringChina'sArchitecturalPast."

1.Ontheirwaytotheancientbuildingsin1930s,LiangandLinfacedfollowingrisksEXCEPT.

A.accommodationsB.personalsecurity

C.roadconditionsD.vehicles

2.LiangandLinraisedpublicawarenessof.

A.documentingsmashedhistoricalbuildings

B.rebuildinghistoricallyvaluablebuildings

C.savingtheoldesttemplesinChina

D.protectinghistoricalbuildings

3.WhileexploringtheTempleofBuddha'sLight,

A.LiangandLincaughtinsectswithawfulsmell

B.LiangandLinwereforbiddentobreatheinside

C.LiangandLinwerepleasedatsomethingunhopedfor

D.LiangandLindetermineditsagebystudyingbedbugs'hideaway

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Creativenessresultsindiscovery

B.Difficultyproducesachievement

C.Effortscontributetohappiness

D.Responsibilitiesmakedevelopment

Passage3

Thinkplantsarejustboringgreenthingsthatyouuseforfoodanddecoration?

Thinkagain!

Plantsareabletodosomeprettyawesomethingsthatyou’reprobablytotallyunawareof.

Researchershavediscoveredthatplantshavetheabilitytocommunicatewithanundergroundnetworkmadeupoffungus（真菌）,whichservestheplantsinmanyways.Tomatoplantsusethefunguswebtowarneachotheroftheirownunhealthyconditions.Treesconnectedthroughthefungusnetworkcouldmovenutrients（养分）toandfromeachother.Itisbelievedthatlargertreesmovenutrientstosmalleronestohelpthemtosurvive.

Notonlythat,buttheycanalsodamageunwelcomeplantsbyspreadingpoisonouschemicalsthroughthefungus.ItsoundsliketheplantworldhadtheInternetbeforewedid.

Someplantshavearatherimpressivelineofdefenseagainstbeingeaten.Whensensingtheyarebeingswallowed,theygiveoffachemicalintotheairthatattractstheinsect’snaturalenemy.Theenemyattacksthebug,thussavingtheplants.Thisisbasicallytheplantkingdomversionofgettingyourolderbrothertobeatupthatkidwhostealsyourlunchmoney.

Youmightbeawarethathumansandanimalshaveaninternalclock.Butdidyouknowthatplantsalsohavethisclock?

Thismeanstheycanprepareforcertaintimesofdayjustlikewedo.Isitbecausetheycanreacttolightatsunrise?

Inastudy,scientistsfoundthatplantsusethesugarstheyproducetokeeptime,whichhelptoregulatethegenesresponsiblefortheplant’sowninternalclock.So,inasense,―wakeupwithpetunias（矮牵牛）isjustasvalidas―wakeupwiththechickens.

Natureisfullofsurprises.Soforthoseofyouwhodidn’tknowthewondersofplants,nowyoudo.

23.Howmanywaysdoesthenetworkoffungusservetheplants?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords―“yourolderbrother”inParagraph4referto?

A.Thechemicalgivenoffbyplants.B.Theinsect’snaturalenemy.

C.Thebugattackedbytheenemy.D.Theplanttobeeatenbytheinsect.

25.Whathelpstheplantkeeptime?

A.Thesugarsproducedbyitself.B.Itsowngenes.

C.Thetimeofsunrise.D.Itsresponsetolight.

26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toshowhisloveofdifferentplants.

B.Tosharehisstudyonsomeawesomeplants.

C.Tointroducetheunknownabilitiesofplants.

D.Tomakepeopleawareofplantprotection.

Passage4

Whilesmartphonesstandaccusedofavarietyofcrimes,thesepocketcomputerscancertainlybeaforceforgood.Yourphoneisalwayswithyou,makingittheperfectdevicetopushyouintoamorebeneficialwayofliving.Herearesomeofthebestappsthatcanhelp.

Habitica

Habiticaturnsthegoalofforminggoodhabitsintoagame,withitsowncharactersandscoring.It’salotoffun，andtheappalsoletsyoubuildhabitswithfriendsandfamily.Inadditiontoregularrepeatinghabits,youcanaddamoregeneralto-dolist,andtherewardsyougetcanbecustomizedtoo—youcouldtreatyourselftoamealoutoranextrahourofgames.

SmokeFree

Ifyou’vegotaspecifichabitinmind，thenyou’llusuallyfindspecificappstohelp,likeSmokeFree.Ifyou’redeterminedtogiveupsmoking,thenthisisoneofthemostcomprehensiveappsforgivingyouthatextrapushyouneedtomakeapermanentchange.Theappoffersahostofusefulfeaturesforpeoplewantingtogosmoke-free：

Theabilitytoseeyourprogressovertime，chartsshowinghowyourhealthisimproving，day-by-dayencouragement，andsomeadviceontechniquesforgivingupsmoking.

MyFitnessPal

Youcanfindatonofhealthandfitnessappsforyourphone,butMyFitnessPalstandsoutnotjustbecauseitiseasytouse,butbecauseitmakespracticalsuggestionsforyou.Itcantakeinahostofdata,fromthecalories（卡路里）you’retakingintothenumberofswimsyou’redoingperweek,andofferreportsoncalorieconsumptionandmacronutrient（大量营养素）breakdown.

1.WhatcanHabiticahelpyoutodo?

A.Winatoughgame.B.Startalastingfriendship.

C.Findafancyrestaurant.D.Developapleasanthabit.

2.WhichofthefollowingcanSmokeFreeprovide?

A.Thefreedomtosmoke.B.Theabilitytomakep