浙江省各地学年高一下学期期末英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题.docx
《浙江省各地学年高一下学期期末英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《浙江省各地学年高一下学期期末英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
浙江省各地学年高一下学期期末英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题
浙江省各地2020-2021学年高一下学期期末英语试题精选汇编
阅读理解专题
浙江省杭州市2020-2021学年高一下学期教学质量检测英语试题
第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
OnFridaymorningwhen53-year-oldThongPhambrokeintothehousethroughtheunlockedbackdoor,hetookasteakknifefromthekitchen.
Itwasdark,andthefamilydidn'tknowwhatMarleywasbarking（吠）at.Taylor,AmberandtheirgirlsFinley,6,andSadie,4,soonwokeupandcamedownstairs,too.“Well,itwasdarksowecouldn'tseeanything,onlycouldhearMarley,”Amberrecalled,sayingherhusbandthenwentforthelights.“Andonceheturnedthehalllighton,werealizedthattheguywasholedupinthecornertryingtohide.”
“SoIthinkhegottothefrontdoorandrealizedhecouldn'tgetout,andbythatpointintime,Marley'sgothimcornered,”Taylorsaid.Phamslashed（砍）bothMarleyandTaylor,andbloodwenteverywhere.TaylorsharedavideosummarytohisFacebookpage,wherehesaidMarleywasstabbed（刺）uptosixtimes,mostlyaroundtheheadandneckarea.“AndasIpulledback,bloodshotoutofmyarm,”Taylorcontinued.“ShegothimprettygoodandIgothimprettygoodintheface.”
“ButitwasreallyhardbecauseIwastryingtomakesurethatmyhusbandwasn'tgoingtodie,”Amberexplained,addingthatshewastryingtoprotecttheirtwogirls.“Whenherealizedthatthetwogirlswereinthehouse,that'swhenhekindofbackedupandstartedrunning."
Taylorexpressedgratitudetoeveryonefortheirthoughtsandprayers.AndthefamilyisthankfulfortheirdogMarley.
“She'sourhero,”Ambersaid.“Ifithadn'tbeenforher,thatguycouldhavegoneinthe...hecouldhavegonetotheirroomsorsomething.”Tayloradded,“Yeah,Imean,thestoryplaysoutverydifferentlyifMarley'snotthere.”
1.Whydidthefamilycomedownstairsbeforedaybreak?
A.Tostopabreak-in.B.Tolockthebackdoor.
C.TocheckonMarley.D.Toturnthehalllighton.
2.Whathappenedduringthefight?
A.Phamdugaholeinthecorner.
B.Marleywasinjuredbutbitback.
C.Taylorhadabackupfromneighbors.
D.Amberfoughtbacktoprotecthergirls.
3.WhatdoesTaylormainlyexpressonhisFacebook?
A.Forgiveness.B.Concern.C.Anger.D.Appreciation.
【答案】1.C2.B3.D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。
主要报道了泰勒一家夜晚遇到歹徒进屋，家里的狗Marley奋力保护主人的故事。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第二段的“Itwasdark,andthefamilydidn'tknowwhatMarleywasbarking（吠）at.Taylor,AmberandtheirgirlsFinley,6,andSadie,4,soonwokeupandcamedownstairs,too.“Well,itwasdarksowecouldn'tseeanything,onlycouldhearMarley,”Amberrecalled（天黑了，一家人都不知道Marley在叫什么。
泰勒、琥珀和她们的女儿芬利，6岁，莎迪，4岁，很快就醒了过来，也下楼来了。
“嗯，天很黑，所以我们什么也看不见，只能听到Marley的声音。
”）”可知，漆黑的夜晚这家人听见Marley在叫，由此推知一家人下楼是为了查看Marley。
故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第三段的“TaylorsharedavideosummarytohisFacebookpage,wherehesaidMarleywasstabbed（刺）uptosixtimes,mostlyaroundtheheadandneckarea.“AndasIpulledback,bloodshotoutofmyarm,”Taylorcontinued.“ShegothimprettygoodandIgothimprettygoodintheface.”（泰勒在他的脸书上分享了一段视频摘要，他说Marley被刺伤了6刀，大部分是头部和颈部。
“当我后退时，血从我的胳膊上喷了出来，”泰勒继续说“她狠狠咬了他，我也看清楚了他的脸。
”）”可知，在搏斗的过程中Marley受了伤，但咬了歹徒。
故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段的“Taylorexpressedgratitudetoeveryonefortheirthoughtsandprayers.AndthefamilyisthankfulfortheirdogMarley.（泰勒对大家的挂念和祈祷表示感谢。
全家都很感激他们的狗Marley）”可知，泰勒在Facebook上主要表达了对关心他们的人以及Marley的感激之情。
故选D。
【点睛】
B
PeopleintheMiddleAgesdideatwiththeirhands.Personalutensils（餐具）weremostlyunheardof,especiallyforks.Therewerespoonstohelpserve,butonlyspecialguestswouldreceiveaknifefromthehost.Everyoneelsewouldbeexpectedtobringtheirown.Ofcourse,eatingwithone'shandscanbequiteastickysituation,sotowelswereprovidedtohelpdinersstayatleastsomewhatcleanastheyate.
Still,diningwasoftenamessyaffair.Atspecialoccasionsinthewealthiesthouseholds,womentendedtodinealone,separatefromthemen.Womenwereexpectedtoupholdaqualityofgrace.Eatinggreasymeatbyhandwouldcertainlynothelp!
Oncethemenandwomenhadfinishedtheirmeals,theywouldcometogethertosocialize.
DietaryscholarsoftheMiddleAgesbelievedthatthefoodsinamealneededtobeservedandeateninorderofheaviness.Thelightestandmosteasilydigestedfoods,suchasfruitsandcheeses,wereeatenfirsttohelpthedigestive（消化）systemgetstarted.Oncedigestionwasunderway,greensandlightmeats,suchaslettuce,cabbageandchicken,couldbeeaten.Lastcametheheaviervegetablesandmeats,suchascarrots,beans,beef,pork,andmutton.Thismethodwasconsideredthemosthealthfulwaytoeat.
Themainandlargestmealofthedaywassupper,anditwaseatenatmidday.Dinnerwasalightmeal,andmanyofthoseinnobility（贵族）-thehighestlevelsoftheMiddleAgessociety-skippedbreakfastaltogether.Breakfastwasconsideredunnecessaryforthosewhodidnotperformphysicalwork.Snacksandanyothereatingduringthedaywereviewedthesameway.Commoners,ortheworkingclass,wereallowedtoeatbreakfastandsmallmealsthroughouttheday.
4.WhatdidpeopleintheMiddleAgesusuallydoatthedinnertable?
A.Theycleanedhandsbeforemeals.
B.Theyusedpersonalutensils.
C.Theyhadtouseknivesatdinner.
D.Theyatemostlywithhands.
5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Theorderofeatingfoods.
B.Theweightofvariousfoods.
C.Theprinciplesofdigestingfoods.
D.Thelistofhealthyfoods.
6.Whydidthenobilityavoideatingbreakfast?
A.Breakfastwaswastedforthenobility.
B.Breakfastwasviewedasunnecessary.
C.Breakfastwasconsideredasalightmeal.
D.Breakfastwassavedforcommoners.
【答案】4.D5.A6.B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了中世纪的饮食习俗及餐桌礼仪。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第一段“PeopleintheMiddleAgesdideatwiththeirhands.”（中世纪的人确实用手吃饭）可知中世纪的人们通常在餐桌上大多用手吃饭。
故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。
根据第三段“DietaryscholarsoftheMiddleAgesbelievedthatthefoodsinamealneededtobeservedandeateninorderofheaviness.”（中世纪的饮食学者认为，一顿饭中的食物需要按重量顺序供应和食用）结合第三段内容，可知本段主要讲了吃食物的顺序。
故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。
根据最后一段“Dinnerwasalightmeal,andmanyofthoseinnobility（贵族）-thehighestlevelsoftheMiddleAgessociety-skippedbreakfastaltogether.Breakfastwasconsideredunnecessaryforthosewhodidnotperformphysicalwork.”（晚餐是一顿简单的饭，许多贵族——中世纪社会的最高阶层——根本不吃早餐。
对于那些不从事体力劳动的人来说，早餐被认为是不必要的）可知贵族不吃早餐是因为早餐被认为是不必要的。
故选B。
C
Theclimatechangeisalreadyeatingintotheoutputoftheworld'sagriculturalsystems,withproductivitymuchlowerthanitwouldhavebeenifhumanshadn'trapidlyheatedtheplanet,newresearchhasfound.
Advancesintechnology,fertilizer（化肥）useandglobaltradehaveallowedfoodproductiontokeeppacewithanincreasingglobalpopulationsincethe1960s.Butrisingtemperaturesinthistimehaveactedasahandbrake（手刹）tofarmingproductivityofcrops,accordingtothenewresearch,publishedinNatureClimateChange.Productivityhasactuallyslumpedby21%since1961,comparedtoiftheworldhadn'tbeenaffectedbyglobalheating.
Withtheglobalpopulationsettorisetomorethan9billionby205,theUN'SFoodandAgricultureOrganizationhasestimatedthatfoodproductionwillhavetoincreasebyabout70%,withannualcropproductionincreasingbyalmost1billiontonsandmeatproductionbymorethan200mtonsayearbythispoint.Meanwhile,globaltemperaturesarerisingataratethatscientistswarnisextremelydangerousforhumancivilization.
“TheimpactalreadyislargerthanIthoughtitwouldbe,”saidArielOrtiz-Bobea,aneconomistatCornellUniversitywholedtheresearch.“Itwasabigsurprisetome.TheworryIhaveisthatresearchanddevelopmentinagriculturetakesdecadestotranslateintohigherproductivity.TheprojectedtemperatureincreaseissofastthatIdon'tknowifwearegoingtokeeppacewiththat.”
WestonAnderson,aresearcheroffoodsecurity（安全）andclimateatColumbiaUniversitywhodidn'ttakepartinthestudy,saidthenewresearchprovidesfreshinsightintotheimportanceoftheimpactuponagriculture.
“Theregionsthatthispaperhighlightsasexperiencingthelargestreductionsinagriculturalproductivity-CentralAmericaandtheSahel-containsomeoftheleastfoodsecurecountriesintheworld,whichisarealconcern,”hesaid.
7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“slumped”inparagraph2mean?
A.Fallen.B.Gathered.C.Approached.D.Benefited.
8.WhatisArielOrtiz-Bobeaworriedabout?
A.Fertilizerisusedinfoodproduction.
B.Populationwillrisetoover9billion.
C.Globaltemperaturesarerisingtoofast.
D.Agriculturalresearchneedsmanyyears.
9.WhatcanwelearnaboutWestonAnderson?
A.Heputsforwardadifferentsolution.
B.Heproposescarryingonwiththeresearch.
C.Hepaysmoreattentiontofoodinsecureregions.
D.Hesupportsimprovingagriculturalproductivity.
10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheImpactofGrowthinFarmProductivity
B.ProductivityinAgricultureisGrowing
C.CausesandEffectsofGlobalHeating
D.RapidGlobalHeatingisHurtingFarmProductivity
【答案】7.A8.C9.C10.D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。
文章讲述一项新的研究发现，气候变化已经在侵蚀着世界农业系统的产量，农业生产率降低了很多。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。
上文“Butrisingtemperaturesinthistimehaveactedasahandbrake（手刹）tofarmingproductivityofcrops,accordingtothenewresearch,publishedinNatureClimateChange.（但发表在《自然气候变化》上的新研究表明，这个时候的气温上升充当了农业生产力的手刹。
）”说明气温上升抑制了农业生产力，因此推断划线句句意为：
自1961年以来，相比世界没有受到全球变暖的影响，生产力实际上下降了21%。
划线词与A项“下降”意思相近。
A.Fallen下降；B.Gathered聚集；C.Approached接近；D.Benefited受益。
故选A。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。
根据倒数第三段ArielOrtiz-Bobea说
“Itwasabigsurprisetome.TheworryIhaveisthatresearchanddevelopmentinagriculturetakesdecadestotranslateintohigherproductivity.TheprojectedtemperatureincreaseissofastthatIdon'tknowifwearegoingtokeep
升级会员 