精品新人教版必修一高中英语 unit4阅读理解自然灾难篇专题突破及答案.docx

精品新人教版必修一高中英语 unit4阅读理解自然灾难篇专题突破及答案.docx

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精品新人教版必修一高中英语unit4阅读理解自然灾难篇专题突破及答案

专题突破-Unit4阅读理解（自然灾难篇）

阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

A

Earthquakesaresomethingthatpeoplefear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefewornoearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly.Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous（多山的）.

ThemosttalkedaboutearthquakeintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.

Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.

In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,YokohamaareaofJapan.Ahundredandfortythousandpeopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedtheearthquake.

OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain1976.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverreportedwasalsoinChina,inwhich830,000peoplewerekilled.Thisearthquakehappenedin1556.

Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheyarecoming.Peoplecannotprepareforthem.

（1）Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.

A.peoplearenotafraidofearthquakes

B.onlystrongearthquakeskillalargenumberofpeople

C.alargenumberofearthquakesoftenhappennexttomountains

D.earthquakeshappenonlyinafewplacesalongthecoast

（2）HowmanypeoplediedintheearthquakewhichhappenedinPortugalin1755?

A.500.

B.140,000.

C.830,000.

D.About2,000.

（3）Whenandwherewastheworstearthquakeeverreported?

A.1964;Alaska.

B.1556;China.

C.1923;Japan.

D.1979;China.

（4）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Thestrongertheearthquakeis,themorepeoplearekilled.

B.Earthquakesoftencomeunexpectedly.

C.Earthquakescancausefires.

D.Peoplestilldon’tknowwhenanearthquakewillcome.

答案：

（1）-（4）CDBA

解析：

（1）细节理解题。

根据文章第一句可A项错误;从文章有关地震所致伤亡情况的叙述来看,B项错误;根据第一段的“Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous（多山的）.”可答案为C项。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第三段中“In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.”可答案。

（3）细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段内容可答案。

（4）

细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.”可,A项错误。

B

“Earthquake!

”Thewordflashedinmybrain.Aroaringsoundfilledmyears.Itriedtoslidebeneathmydesk.Thedeskdidawildtapdance,slippingandslidingtowardsthecentreoftheroom.Itwistedmybodyandgrabbedatthewindowsillbehindme,somehowkickingfreeofmydancingchair.Itriedtostand.Mylegsskatedawayasifonabuckingescalator.

Myfingersshook,graspedandheldthewindowsilltightly.Somewherethroughtheroarsoundedtheterrifiedscreamofsomewoundedanimal.Ilookedbehindmeandtriedtosteadymygazeontheotherkidsbutthescenewasadizzynightmare.Someoftheclassweresittinginthemiddleoftheroom,surroundedbychairsanddesks.Onegirlwasscreaming.Aboywastryingtoclawhiswayacrossthefloortothedoorinacrazyoverarmcrawl.

Mygripfrozemetothewindowsill.

Icriedaloud,“I’mgoingtodie.I’mgoingtodie.Saveme.I’mnotreadytodie.I’mnotready!

”

Ihunchedforwardonmykneesandpressedmyfaceagainstmyclenchedfingers.Ilookedatthebacksofmyfingersandstupidlynoticedthefragilepalehairsgrowingoutofthepores.Thefingerswouldsoonceasetoexist.Somehowtheimpendinghorrorofmydeathwastooterribletoevencryabout.

Suddenly,Ibecameawarethattherockinghadceased.PerhapsIwasn’tgoingtodie.

（5）Theroaringsoundwasmadeby________.

A.awoundedanimalB.peoplescreaming

C.childrenrunningD.anearthquake

（6）Whenthenarratorclencheshisfingersheis________.

A.afraid

B.angry

C.injured

D.impatient

（7）Paragraph2describesthe________.

A.injuriessufferedbythenarrator

B.effectsofabadnightmare

C.disorderintheclassroom

D.narrator’sfearofdeath

（8）Attheendofthepassagethereisafeelingof________.

A.panic

B.hope

C.sorrow

D.excitement

答案：

（5）-（8）DACB

解析：

（5）细节理解题。

根据文章,作者在文章中谈到的现象,还有一些响声都是来描述地震的。

（6）细节理解题。

从文章中我们得当描述者握紧手指时他非常害怕。

（7）细节理解题。

从文章第二段中所提到的孩子、桌子、椅子、屋子等均可说明这地方是教室。

（8）推理判断题。

从文章最后一句“PerhapsIwasn’tgoingtodie.”,我们可以看出他有希望了。

C

Nowmanyyoungpeoplearetravellingaroundtheworldontheirown,notbecausetheyhavenoonetotravelwith,butbecausetheyprefertogoalone.

KristinaWegscheiderfromCaliforniafirsttravelledalonewhenshewasatcollegeandbelievedthatitwassomethingeveryoneshoulddoatleastonceintheirlife.“Itopensupyourmindtonewthingsandpushesyououtofyourcomfortzone.”Wegscheiderhasvisited46countriescoveringallsevencontinents.

Inforeigncountries,withnoonetohelpyoureadamap,lookafteryouifyougetill,orlendyoumoneyifyourwalletisstolen,itischallenging.Thisiswhatdrivesyoungpeopletotravelalone.Itisseenascharacterbuildingandachancetoprovethattheycanmakeitontheirown.

ChrisRichardsondecidedtoleavehissalesjobinAustraliatogotravellinglastyear.Hesetupawebsite,TheAussieNomad,todocumenthisadventures.Hesayshewishedhehadtraveledaloneearlier.“Thepeopleyoumeet,theplacesyouvisit,orthethingsyoudo,everythingisuptoyouanditforcesyoutogrowasaperson,”saidthe30-year-old.

Richardsondescribestravelingalonelike“ashotinthearm”,which“makesyouamoreconfidentpersonthatisreadytodealwithanything”.Hesaid,“ThefeelingofhavingconqueredsomethingonmyownisamajorpartofwhatdrivesmeeachdaywhenI’mdealingwithadifficulttask.IwalkaroundwithmyheadupbecauseIknowdeepdowninsidethatnothingisimpossibleifyoutry.”

Thegreat19thcenturyexplorerJohnMuironcesaid,“Onlybygoingaloneinsilencecanonetrulygetintotheheartofthewilderness.”

（9）WhichofthefollowingwillKristinaWegscheideragreewith?

A.Travellingaloneisanecessaryexperienceforeveryone.

B.Itismoremeaningfultotravelinforeigncountries.

C.Itiscomfortabletotravelaroundwithoutafriend.

D.Travellingabroadhelpspeopletofindnewthings.

（10）Travellingaloneischallengingbecause________.

A.youhavetomakethingsonyourown

B.itishardforyoutoproveyourselftoothers

C.youdependonyourselfwhateverhappens

D.itwillfinallybuildyourcharacter

（11）WhatcanweinferaboutChrisRichardson?

A.Hestartedtravellingatanearlyage.

B.Hewasonceshotinthearm.

C.Heusedtoworkasasalesman.

D.Hiswebsiteinspiredothersalot.

（12）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TravelAbroad

B.TravelUnaccompanied

C.TravelLight

D.TravelWideandFar

答案：

（11）-（12）ACCB

解析：

（9）细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的“itwassomethingeveryoneshoulddo”可答案为A项。

（10）细节理解题。

根据文章第三段的第一句话：

在国外,没有人帮你看地图,你生病的时候没有人照顾你,你钱包被偷的时候没有人借钱给你,这些都是有挑战性的。

因此C项正确。

（11）解析：

推理判断题。

根据文章第四段的第一句话可A项错误;根据第五段的第一句话可B项错误,文章中用的是比喻,而不是胳膊上真中了一枪;D项文章没有涉及,故C项正确。

（12）主旨大意题。

文章介绍了单独旅行的好处、挑战及感受。

根据文章第一段中的“travellingaroundtheworldontheirown”以及下文多次出现的alone一词可,B项适合当作文章标题,其中unaccompanied“无人陪伴的”与alone同义。

D

KrakatauVolcano（克拉克托火山）isinasmallislandinIndonesia.Ithadbeenpeacefulforabout200yearsbeforeiterupted（爆发）in1883.

ThefirstsignsoftheactivityofthevolcanoappearedinMay1883,whenfireandsmokecouldbeseenatthetopofthemountain.GreatnoisecouldbeheardeveninJakartaahundredmilesaway.Latertheactivitygrewmuchgreater.Thepeak（山顶）wascoveredwithsmokeandfire;thesmokeatonetimewasseventeenmileshighintheair.Thelava—softandhotrock—shotupintotheairandrolleddownthesidesofthemountain.

Themouthofthevolcanowasnotatthepeakofthemountainbutonitsside,closetothesea.Asitgrewbiggerandbiggerwiththeeruption,theseawatergotintoit.Whentheseawaterreachedthelavainsidethevolcano,itmadetheupperpartofthelavacolderandharder.Andthissealedoff（封住）therestofthelavabelow.Astheinsideofthelavacouldnotbreakthroughtheseal,thepressure（压力）builtupuntilthemountainblewup.

Theeruptionofthevolcanowasfollowedbyseveralearthquakeswhichbroughtaboutbadresult.About36,000peoplewerekilledandmanytownsandvillagesneartheseawerecompletelydestroyedbythegreatwaveswhichtheearthquakecaused.

（13）Givethecorrectorderofthecourseofvolcanoeruption.

①Thepeakwascoveredwithsmokeandfire.

②Fireandsmokecouldbeseenatthetopofthemountain.

③Greatnoisecouldbeheardahundredmilesaway.

④Thelavashotintotheairandrolleddownthesidesofthemountain.

A.①②③④B.①③②④

C.②③①④D.④①③②

（14）Whatmadethevolcanoerupt?

A.Theseawaterwhichwentintothevolcano.

B.Thelava.

C.Thepressurewhichwasbiggerandbigger.

D.Alloftheabove.

（15）Whereisthemouthofthevolcano?

A.Atthepeakofthemountain.

B.Onthesideofthemountainnearthesea.

C.Atthefootofthemountain.

D.Insidethemountain.

答案：

（13）-（15）CDB

解析：

（13）推理判断题。

文章第二段讲述了这个问题。

（14）细节理解题。

火山爆发是A、B、C三项共同作用的结果,并非由其中的一项原因即可爆发。

（15）细节考查题。

根据文章第三段第一句话“Themouthofthevolcanowasnotatthepeakofthemountainbutonitsside,closetothesea.”来断定答案为B项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

（16）________Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyourownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyou’rethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.

Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideafor