人教版高中英语必修五 Unit4阅读理解新闻篇 题型专项突破.docx

人教版高中英语必修五 Unit4阅读理解新闻篇 题型专项突破.docx

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人教版高中英语必修五Unit4阅读理解新闻篇题型专项突破

题型专项突破-Unit4阅读理解（新闻篇）

一、阅读理解

1.

TheInternetisredrawingthemedialandscapeandwillbefordecadestocome,buttraditionalmediawillnotbeleftoutofthepicture,twojournalismprofessorsofUniversityofAlabama,Tuscaloosaargued.EdMullins,chairmanoftheJournalismDepartment,andJimStovall,thefounderofDatelineAlabama?

thenewwebsiteoftheCollegeofCommunicationandInformationSciences,agreethatthefutureofthewebisstillamystery,butarguethat,inthenearfuture,itwillservemoreasahelpmatetotraditionalmedia.

“Nobodyknowswherethewebistakingus,butwhenitcomestojournalism,oldmediawillbedominantplayersinthenewmediagame,”Mullinsbelieves.“SomeratingservicesreportthatmostAmericansgotositesoperatedbyold-linemediawhenlookingfornewsontheweb.”

Justasnationaloldmediadominatethewebatthatlevel,localoldmediarunmostlybynewspapersand,toalesserdegree,bytelevisionstations,dominatethosemarkets.Isthereapatternhere?

Yes,sayMullinsandStovall.“Atleastinthefirstdecadeoftheweb,newspapercompaniesdominatewebjournalism,”Mullinsexplains.“Why?

Theyspecializeinnews,andthatgivesthemanadvantage.Whatmostreadersgotowebsitesforarenewsande-mail,aformofperson-to-personnews,especiallyintheformofchatting.”

Thereasonfornewspapers’dominanceinwebjournalism,Stovallpointsout,isthattheyhavethebiggestinvestmentinnews.“TheBirminghamNews,forexample,withabout175positions,hasmorejournalistsonitspayrollthanallofthestate’sbroadcast,cable,andweb—onlyentitiescombined.”

（1）WhatroledoestheInternetplayinjournalismaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Itdominatesthemediamarket.

B.Itislikelytothreatenthefutureoftraditionalmedia.

C.Itbecomesahelpfulpartnerofprintmedia.

D.Itrevolutionizesjournalism.

（2）ThefollowingstatementsprovethatoldmediastilldominatewebjournalismEXCEPT________.

A.peopleprefertraditionalmediawhenlookingfornews

B.oldmediahavethemostimportantpositioninlocalmarkets

C.newspapercompanieshavemorecontrolinwebjournalism

D.fewpeoplegotowebsitestogetnews

（3）Traditionalmediadominatewebjournalismbecause________.

A.newsandadvertisingaretheironlybusiness

B.theyinvestmoremoneyinnews

C.webcompaniesdarenotcompetewiththem

D.theyenjoyprivilegesinjournalism

（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Internetwon’teliminateprintmedia

B.Internetchallengestraditionalmedia

C.Lookingfornewsontheweb

D.Journalismshouldbedominatedbyweb

（5）Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureoftraditionalmedia?

A.Negative.

B.Critical.

C.Concerned.

D.Optimistic.

2.

Thefirstnewspaperswerewrittenbyhandandputuponwallsinpublicplaces.TheearliestdailynewspaperwasstartedinRomein59BC.Inthe700’stheworld’sfirstprintednewspaperwaspublished.Europedidn’thavearegularlypublishednewspaperuntil1609,whenonewasstartedinGermany.

ThefirstregularlypublishednewspaperintheEnglishlanguagewasprintedinAmsterdamin1620.In1621,anEnglishnewspaperwasstartedinLondonandwaspublishedonceaweek.ThefirstdailyEnglishnewspaperwastheDailyCourant（《每日新闻》）.ItcameoutinMarch1702.

In1690,BenjaminHarrisprintedthefirstAmericannewspaperinBoston.Butnotlongafteritwasfirstpublished,thegovernmentstoppedthepaper.In1704,JohnCampbellstartedTheBostonNewsletter（《波士顿新闻通讯》）,thefirstnewspaperpublishedintheAmericancolonies.By1760,thecolonieshadmorethanthirtydailynewspapers.Therearenowabout1,800dailypapersintheUnitedStates.

Today,asagroup,Englishlanguagenewspapershavethelargestcirculation（发行量）intheworld.ButthelargestcirculationforanewspaperisthatoftheJapanesenewspaperYomiuriShimbun（《读卖新闻》）.Itsellsmorethan10millioncopieseveryday.

（1）Thefirstdailynewspapercameoutin________.

A.59BC

B.700’s

C.1609

D.1620

（2）ThefirstregularlypublishednewspaperinEuropewasprintedin________.

A.England

B.Germany

C.France

D.Sweden

（3）ThefirstprintednewspaperinAmericacameoutin________.

A.Washington

B.NewYork

C.Boston

D.NewOrleans

（4）Todaythereareabout________dailynewspapersprintedintheUnitedStates.

A.1,621

B.1,704

C.1,760

D.1,800

（5）WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ThefirstregularlypublishednewspaperintheEnglishlanguagewasprintedinAmsterdam.

B.Englishlanguagenewspaperssellmorethan10millioncopieseveryday.

C.Europedidn'thavearegularlypublishednewspaperin1608.

D.ThefirstdailyEnglishnewspapercameoutinMarch.

3.

AsInternetusersbecomemoredependentontheInternettostoreinformation,arepeoplerememberingless?

Ifyouknowyourcomputerwillsaveinformation,whystoreitinyourownpersonalmemory,yourbrain?

ExpertsarewonderingiftheInternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.

Inarecentstudy,ProfessorBetsySparrowconductedsomeexperiments.SheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowhowtheInternetischangingmemory.Inthefirstexperiment,theygavepeople40unimportantfactstotypeintoacomputer.Thefirstgroupofpeopleunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldsavetheinformation.Thesecond

groupunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldnotsaveit.Later,thesecondgrouprememberedtheinformationbetter.Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheformationagain,sotheydidnottrytorememberit.

Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersgavefactstoremember,andtoldthemwheretofindtheformationonthecomputer.Theinformationwasinaspecifycomputerfolder（文件夹）.Surprisingly,peoplelaterrememberedthefolderlocation（位置）betterthanthefacts.WhenpeopleusetheInternet,theydonotremembertheinformation.Rather,theyrememberhowtofindit.Thisiscalled“transactivememory（交互记忆）.

AccordingtoSparrow,wearenotbecomingpeoplewithpoormemoriesasaresultoftheInternet.Instead,computerusersaredevelopingstrongertransactivememories；thatis,peoplearelearninghowtoorganizehugequantitiesofinformationsothattheyareabletoaccessitatalaterdate.Thisdoesn’tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.

（1）Thepassagebeginswithtwoquestionsto________.

A.introducethemaintopic

B.showtheauthor’sattitude

C.describehowtousetheInternet

D.rememberhowtofindtheinformation

（2）Intransactivememory,people________.

A.keepthememoryinmind

B.changethequantityofinformation

C.organizeinformationlikeacomputer

D.rememberhowtofindtheinformation

（3）WhatistheeffectoftheInternetaccordingtoSparrow’ssearch?

A.Weareusingmemorydifferently.

B.Wearebecomingmoreintelligent.

C.Wehavepoorermemoriesthanbefore.

D.Weneedabetterwaytoaccessinformation.

4.

Newspapersareonemethodofbringingthenewstothepublic.Reporters,photographers,correspondents,andeditorsaresomeofthepeoplewhocreatenewspapers.Theyareknownasjournalists.

Reportersarejournalistswhogooutandgetthenews.Theyattendmeetings.Theycovereventssuchascourtcases,plays,andsportingevents.Theyinterviewpeopletogettheirviewsaboutwhatisgoingon.Reportersmustbeabletowriteastoryquicklysoastomeetadeadline.Peopledonotwanttoreadoldnews.Theywanttoknowwhatisgoingonassoonasithappens.Reporterssometimesphoneoremailtheirnotesandquotations（引用语）tothepaperfromthescene.Areporterintheofficethenwritesthestory.

A“stringer”isaparttimereporterwhoworkswhencalledupon.Afiremightbreakoutinonepartoftown.Aneditormayaskastringerwholivesnearthescenetocoverthestory.

Reportersoftenworkwithphotographers,orphotojournalists.Photojournaliststakethepicturesthatillustrate（图解）thestoriesinanewspaper.Theyhavetoedittheirpicturesintimeforthemtoappearwiththestory.

Acorrespondentisajournalistwhocoversthenewsinaparticularplaceoronasubjectthatheorshehasspecialknowledgein.Largenewspapergroupshavecorrespondentsinforeigncountriestoreportthenewsthere.Apapermayhaveacorrespondentwhocoversjustmedicalnews.

Aneditorisajournalistwhoworksatadeskinanewspaperoffice.Editorspreparethereporters’storiestobeprintedinthepaper.Theydecidewhichstoryismostimportantandgetsthefrontpageheadline.Theydecidewhichpicturestouse.Editorsdonotoftenwritethenews,buttheydowriteeditorials（社论）inwhichtheystatetheirviewsonatopicoranissue.

Peoplewhoworkasjournalistshavesomethingsincommon.Theyarecurious,theyliketowrite,andtheyhavea“nosefornews”．Theycanspotnewsasithappens.Theyknowwhatpeoplewanttoreadabout.

（1）Theunderlinedword“They”inParagraph2refersto________.

A.readers

B.journalists

C.reporters

D.stringers

（2）Ajournalistworkingabroadtoreportnewsmaybecalled________.

A.astringer

B.aphotojournalist

C.aneditor

D.acorrespondent

（3）Accordingtothepassage,boththereporterandtheeditor________.

A.usuallyworkintheoffice

B.decidewhichpicturestouse

C.havetheabilitytodiscovernews

D.oftenwriteeditorialsfortheirpaper

（4）Thepassageismainlywrittento________.

A.introducedifferentpostsanddutiesofjournalists

B.describethecharactersofjournalists

C.explainhowthenewsiscollected

D.showhowreporterswork

（5）Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?

A.

B.

C