高中英语译林牛津版必修五Unit 1 Getting along with others 单元过关检测一.docx

高中英语译林牛津版必修五Unit 1 Getting along with others 单元过关检测一.docx

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高中英语译林牛津版必修五Unit1Gettingalongwithothers单元过关检测一

单元过关检测

（一）

（时间：

100分钟，满分：

120分）

第一部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

WordspourintotheEnglishlanguageallthetime.Newonespopupcontinuallyinnewspapers，television，radio，andrecently，theWorldWideWeb.Theyareaddedtothetensofthousandsalreadyinexistence.AneducatednativespeakerofEnglish—whetherfromtheU．S.，Britain，Australia，oranycountrywhereEnglishisthemainlanguageofcommunication—knowsatleast30，000，whichisonlyapartoftheoverallnumberthatexist.Around20，000wordsarelearntbyEnglishnativespeakersbytheageof13.Ideally，studentsofEnglishneedthisnumberofwordsinordertowriteortalkaboutthevarioustopicstheymightneedtodiscuss.

Butwhichwordsshouldpeopleknow?

Thischangesconstantlyasfreshtopicsbecomenewsworthy，andproducenewlexicalitems（words，groupsofwords，orwordswithnewmeanings）．StudentsofEnglishneedtolearnthesenewadditionstothelanguage，andalsogetanexplanationofwhattheymean.Agoodwaytodothisistoconsultanonlinedictionary.ButforpeoplewhodonothaveaccesstotheWorldWideWeb，thelexicographersandpublishersofthedictionarieshavecreatedthisNewWordssupplementtohelpstudentswiththesenewwords.

Wordscomeintothelanguageinthreemajorways.First，theymayenterEnglishasloanwords，wordstakenintoEnglishfromanotherlanguage，orsometimesfromaregionaldialectoranothervarietyofEnglish.Englishhasacceptedwordsfrommanydifferentlanguages.Second，newwordscanbecreatedbywordformation，whenwordsareformedbytakingexistingwords，orpiecesofwords，andputtingthemtogethertomakenewones（forexample，chatroomorchangemanagement）．Third，newwordscancomefromlayering（分层），whenanexistingwordsplitsintomorethanonemeaning.Thisresultsinpolysemy．

1．AneducatedAustralianprobablyknows________wordstocommunicateandshowtheiropinionsfreely.

A．atleast20，000

B．lessthan20，000

C．atleast5，000

D．atleast30，000

D　解析：

细节理解题。

由文章第一段的第四句“AneducatednativespeakerofEnglish—whetherfromtheU．S.，Britain，Australia，oranycountrywhereEnglishisthemainlanguageofcommunication—knowsatleast30，000，whichisonlyapartoftheoverallnumberthatexist.”可知。

2．Onepurposeforstudentstoconsultanonlinedictionaryisto________．

A．changewordsconstantly

B．producelexicalitems

C．learnthenewwords

D．findouthowdictionariesarewritten

C　解析：

细节理解题。

由文章第二段第三、四句可知。

3．WecaninferfromParagraph3that________．

A．theEnglishlanguageisratheropen

B．wordsareformedinthreeways

C．mostEnglishwordshavejustonemeaning

D．chatroomisanewwordfromlayering

A　解析：

推理判断题。

第三段介绍了英语增添新词的三种方法，说明英语是开放的。

4．Theunderlinedword“polysemy”refersto________．

A．wordsthathavemorethanonemeaning

B．wordstakenintoonelanguagefromanother

C．wordsformedbytakinginexistingwords

D．wordsintheonlinedictionaries

A　解析：

词义猜测题。

由第三段倒数第二句“Third，newwordscancomefromlayering（分层），whenanexistingwordsplitsintomorethanonemeaning.”可知。

B

Sometimespeopleaddtowhattheysayevenwhentheydon’ttalk.Gesturesarethe“silentlanguage”ofeveryculture.Wepointafingerormoveanotherpartofthebodytoshowwhatwewanttosay.Itisimportanttoknowthebodylanguageofeverycountryorwemaybemisunderstood.

IntheUnitedStates，peoplegreeteachotherwithahandshakeinaformalintroduction.Thehandshakemustbefirm.Ifthehandshakeisweak，itisasignofweaknessorunfriendliness.Friendsmayplaceahandontheother’sarmorshoulder.Somepeople，usuallywomen，greetafriendwithahug.

SpaceisimportanttoAmericans.Whentwopeopletalktoeachother，theyusuallystandabouttwoandahalffeetawayandatanangle，sotheyarenotfacingeachotherdirectly.Americansgetuncomfortablewhenapersonstandstooclose.Theywillmovebacktohavetheirspace.IfAmericanstouchanotherpersonbyaccident，theysay，“Pardonme.”or“Excuseme.”

Americansliketolookattheotherpersonintheeyeswhentheyaretalking.Ifyoudon’tdoso，itmeansyouarebored，hidingsomething，orarenotinterested.Butwhenyoustareatsomeone，itisnotpolite.

ForAmericans，thumbsupmeansyes，verygood，orwelldone.Thumbsdownmeanstheopposite.Tocallawaiter，raiseonehandtoheadlevelorabove.Toshowyouwantthecheck，makeamovementwithyourhandsasifyouaresingingapieceofpaper.Itisallrighttopointatthingsbutnotatpeoplewiththehandandindexfinger（食指）．Americansshaketheirindexfingeratchildrenwhentheyscoldthemandpatthemontheheadwhentheyadmirethem.

Learningaculture’sbodylanguageissometimesconfusing.Ifyoudon’tknowwhattodo，thesafestthingtodoistosmile.

5．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat________．

A．gesturesdon’tmeananythingwhiletalking

B．gesturescanhelpustoexpressourselves

C．wecanlearnalanguagewellwithoutbodylanguage

D．onlyAmericanpeoplecanusegestures

B　解析：

推理判断题。

从第一段首句“Sometimespeopleaddtowhattheysayevenwhentheydon’ttalk.”可知，gesturelanguage有自身的意义，能帮助我们表达，只能选择B项。

6．IfyouareintroducedtoastrangerfromtheU．S.A.，youshould________．

A．greethimwithahug

B．placeahandonhisshoulder

C．shakehishandfirmly

D．shakehishandweakly

C　解析：

推理判断题。

从第二段中“peoplegreeteachotherwithahandshakeinaformalintroduction.Thehandshakemustbefirm.”可获知，初次见面的时候，应该紧紧地握手。

7．IntheUnitedStates，peopleoften________．

A．showtheirfriendshipbytouchingeachother

B．showtheirfriendshipbyglancingateachother

C．say“Pardonme”toeachotherwhentheyaretalking

D．getuncomfortablewhenyousitclosetothem

D　解析：

细节理解题。

从三、四段可知，A、B、C三个选项是错误的。

8．Whenyourfriendgivesyouthethumbsup，he，infact，________．

A．showshisrudenesstoyou

B．showshisangertoyou

C．expresseshissatisfactiontoyou

D．expresseshisworriesaboutyou

C　解析：

推理判断题。

从第五段首句“ForAmericans，thumbsupmeansyes，verygood，orwelldone.”可知。

C

MyelderbrotherSteve,intheabsenceofmyfatherwhodiedwhenIwassix,gavemeimportantlessonsinvaluesthathelpedmegrowintoanadult.

Forinstance,Stevetaughtmetofacetheresultsofmybehavior.OncewhenIreturnedintearsfromaSaturdaybaseballgame,itwasStevewhotookthetimetoaskmewhathappened.WhenIexplainedthatmybaseballhadsoaredthroughMrs.Holt’sbasementwindow,breakingtheglasswithacrash,Steveencouragedmetoconfesstoher.Afterall,IshouldhavebeenplayingintheparkdownFifthStreetandnotinthepathbetweenbuildings.Althoughmykneesknocked__asIexplainedtoMrs.Holt,Iofferedtopayforthewindowfrommypocketmoneyifshewouldreturnmyball.

IalsolearnedfromStevethatpersonalpropertyisasacredthing.AfterIfoundashinysilverpeninmyfifthgradeclassroom,Iwantedtokeepit,butSteveexplainedthatitmightbeimportanttosomeoneelseinspiteofthefactthatithadlittlevalue.HeremindedmeofhowmuchI’dhatetolosetosomeoneelsethesmalldogmyfathercarvedfromapieceofcheapwood.Ireturnedthepentomyteacher,Mrs.David,andstillrememberedthesmellofherperfumeasshepattedmeontheshoulder.

YetofalltheinstructionsStevegaveme,hisrespectforlifeisthemostvividinmymind.WhenIwastwelve,IkilledanoldbrownsparrowintheyardwithaBBgun.Excitedwithmyaccuracy,IscreamedtoStevetocomefromthehousetotakealook.Ishallneverforgetthewayhestoodforalongmomentandstaredatthebirdontheground.Theninadead,quietvoice,heasked,“Didithurtyoufirst,Mark？

”Ididn’tknowwhattoanswer.Hecontinuedwithhiseyesfirm,“Theonlytimeyoushouldeverthinkofhurtingalivingthingisifithurtsyoufirst.Andthenyouthinkalong,longtime.”Ireallyfeltterriblethen,butthatmomentstandsoutasthemostimportantlessonmybrothertaughtme.

9．Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?

A．TherelationshipbetweenMarkandSteve.

B．TheimportantlessonMarklearnedinschool.

C．Steve’simportantroleinMark’sgrowingprocess.

D．MarkandSteve’srespectforlivingthings.

C　解析：

主旨大意题。

根据第一段可知作者的哥哥在父亲死了之后，在价值观的形成方面给予作者很大的影响，故哥哥在作者的成长过程中起了非常重要的作用。

故选C项。

10．Accordingtothewriter,whichwasthemostimportantlessonStevetaughthisyoungbrother?

A．Respectforlivingthings.

B．Responsibilityforone’sactions.

C．Thevalueofhonesty.

D．Careforthepropertyofothers.

A　解析：

推理判断题。

根据最后一段的第一句话YetofalltheinstructionsStevegaveme,hisrespectforlifeisthemostvividinmymind.可知哥哥教给他最重要的是对生命的尊重。

故选A项。

11．Theunderlinedword“knocked”inthesecondparagraphmeans________．

A．tappedB．beat

C．struckD．trembled

D　解析：

词义猜测题。

根据前文可知作者把Mrs.Holt的玻璃打碎了，他去承认错误时，自然是感到害怕的，故腿应该是颤抖的。

12．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthefollowingstatementsEXCEPTthat________．

A．MarkbenefitedalotfromSteveaftertheirfatherpassedaway.

B．MarkwasnotasexcellentashiselderbrotherSteve.

C．ThesmallwooddogcarvedbyhisfathermeantalottoMark.

D．Markusedtobeanaughtyboyinhischildhood.

B　解析：

推理判断题。

由第一段可知A项正确；根据第三段中的HeremindedmeofhowmuchI’dhatetolosetosomeoneelsethesmalldogmyfathercarvedfromapieceofcheapwood.可知小狗对他来说意义很大；根据打碎别人的玻璃，打死小鸟等行为可推知作者小时候比较淘气，可知C、D两项正确。

文中并没有提到作者和哥哥谁比谁更优秀。

故选B项。

D

AclassmatecamewithlettersIhadwrittentohimyearsearlierwhilehewasinhospitalafteracaraccident.Hedidn’tknowwhatIwroteintheencouragingletterswasfromoneofmyfavoritebooks，Alice’sAdventuresinWonderland.

Tome，Alice’sAdventuresinWonderlandisatimelessclassic，notjustforchildrenbutforadultsaswell.Onesunnyafternoon，aboredyounggirlnamedAlicewakessuddenlyfromanapandseesawhiterabbitrunby，carryingapocketwatchandworryingaboutbeinglate.Alicefollowstherabbit