菜单编程动态添加.docx
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菜单编程动态添加
此文章已于13:
58:
102011-3-31发布到luowei505050的专栏
菜单编程_动态添加
帐户luowei505050的专栏
类别程序设计
1.
动态的添加、删除、插入菜单新建一个MFC单文档应用程序，取名Menu2.
添加菜单，在CMainFrame:
:
OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）中添加：
CMenumenu;
menu.CreatePopupMenu（）;//创建一个空的弹出菜单
GetMenu（）->AppendMenu（MF_POPUP,（UINT）menu.m_hMenu,"NO_1"）;//添加一个弹出菜单
menu.Detach（）;
注释：
CreatePopupMenu
TheCreatePopupMenufunctioncreatesadrop-downmenu,submenu,orshortcutmenu.Themenuisinitiallyempty.YoucaninsertorappendmenuitemsbyusingtheInsertMenuItemfunction.YoucanalsousetheInsertMenufunctiontoinsertmenuitemsandtheAppendMenufunctiontoappendmenuitems.
HMENUCreatePopupMenu（VOID）;
Parameters
Thisfunctionhasnoparameters.
ReturnValues
Ifthefunctionsucceeds,thereturnvalueisahandletothenewlycreatedmenu.
Ifthefunctionfails,thereturnvalueisNULL.Togetextendederrorinformation,callGetLastError.
Remarks
Theapplicationcanaddthenewmenutoanexistingmenu,oritcandisplayashortcutmenubycallingtheTrackPopupMenuExorTrackPopupMenufunctions.
Resourcesassociatedwithamenuthatisassignedtoawindowarefreedautomatically.Ifthemenuisnotassignedtoawindow,anapplicationmustfreesystemresourcesassociatedwiththemenubeforeclosing.AnapplicationfreesmenuresourcesbycallingtheDestroyMenufunction.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AppendMenu
TheAppendMenufunctionappendsanewitemtotheendofthespecifiedmenubar,drop-downmenu,submenu,orshortcutmenu.Youcanusethisfunctiontospecifythecontent,appearance,andbehaviorofthemenuitem.
Note TheAppendMenufunctionhasbeensupersededbytheInsertMenuItemfunction.YoucanstilluseAppendMenu,however,ifyoudonotneedanyoftheextendedfeaturesofInsertMenuItem.
BOOLAppendMenu（
HMENUhMenu,//handletomenu
UINTuFlags,//menu-itemoptions
UINT_PTRuIDNewItem,//identifier,menu,orsubmenu
LPCTSTRlpNewItem//menu-itemcontent
）;
ReturnValues
Ifthefunctionsucceeds,thereturnvalueisnonzero.Ifthefunctionfails,thereturnvalueiszero.Togetextendederrorinformation,callGetLastError.
2.
插入菜单项，在CMainFrame:
:
OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）中继续添加：
GetMenu（）->InsertMenu（2,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_POPUP,（UINT）menu.m_hMenu,"NO_1"）;//插入菜单
menu.AppendMenu（MF_STRING,111,"Hello"）;//添加菜单项
menu.AppendMenu（MF_STRING,112,"Good"）;
menu.AppendMenu（MF_STRING,113,"Nice"）;
menu.Detach（）;//分离与controlbar的连接
GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->AppendMenu（MF_STRING,114,"Welcome"）;//在第1个弹出菜单添加项
GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->InsertMenu（ID_FILE_OPEN,MF_BYCOMMAND|MF_STRING,115,"GoodLuck"）;//插入菜单项
注释：
InsertMenu
TheInsertMenufunctioninsertsanewmenuitemintoamenu,movingotheritemsdownthemenu.
Note TheInsertMenufunctionhasbeensupersededbytheInsertMenuItemfunction.YoucanstilluseInsertMenu,however,ifyoudonotneedanyoftheextendedfeaturesofInsertMenuItem.
BOOLInsertMenu（
HMENUhMenu,//handletomenu
UINTuPosition,//itemthatnewitemprecedes
UINTuFlags,//options
UINT_PTRuIDNewItem,//identifier,menu,orsubmenu
LPCTSTRlpNewItem//menuitemcontent
）;
ReturnValues
Ifthefunctionsucceeds,thereturnvalueisnonzero.
Ifthefunctionfails,thereturnvalueiszero.Togetextendederrorinformation,callGetLastError.
删除菜单，在CMainFrame:
:
OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）中继续添加：
GetMenu（）->DeleteMenu（1,MF_BYPOSITION）;//删除编辑菜单
GetMenu（）->GetSubMenu（0）->DeleteMenu（2,MF_BYPOSITION）;//删除打开菜单
注释：
DeleteMenu
TheDeleteMenufunctiondeletesanitemfromthespecifiedmenu.Ifthemenuitemopensamenuorsubmenu,thisfunctiondestroysthehandletothemenuorsubmenuandfreesthememoryusedbythemenuorsubmenu.
BOOLDeleteMenu（
HMENUhMenu,//handletomenu
UINTuPosition,//menuitemidentifierorposition
UINTuFlags//option
）;
ReturnValues
Ifthefunctionsucceeds,thereturnvalueisnonzero.
Ifthefunctionfails,thereturnvalueiszero.Togetextendederrorinformation,callGetLastError.
Remarks
TheapplicationmustcalltheDrawMenuBarfunctionwheneveramenuchanges,whetherornotthemenuisinadisplayedwindow.
增加菜单项的命令响应,在Resource.h中添加：
#defineIDM_HELLO111
将CMainFrame:
:
OnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）修改：
menu.AppendMenu（MF_STRING,IDM_HELLO,"Hello"）;//添加菜单项
在MainFrm.h文件中添加消息原型：
protected:
//{{AFX_MSG（CMainFrame）
afx_msgintOnCreate（LPCREATESTRUCTlpCreateStruct）;
//NOTE-theClassWizardwilladdandremovememberfunctionshere.
//DONOTEDITwhatyouseeintheseblocksofgeneratedcode!
//}}AFX_MSG
afx_msgvoidOnHello（）;
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP（）
在MainFrm.cpp文件中添加消息映射：
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP（CMainFrame,CFrameWnd）
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP（CMainFrame）
//NOTE-theClassWizardwilladdandremovemappingmacroshere.
//DONOTEDITwhatyouseeintheseblocksofgeneratedcode!
ON_WM_CREATE（）
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
ON_COMMAND（IDM_HELLO,OnHello）
END_MESSAGE_MAP（）
并添加一个函数：
voidCMainFrame:
:
OnHello（）
{
MessageBox（"Hello!
"）;
}
编写一个电话本程序：
在CMenu2View类中添加一个WM_CHAR消息，添加成员变量：
public:
CStringArraym_strArray;
private:
CMenum_menu;
intm_nIndex;
CStringm_strLine;
在CMenu2View:
:
CMenu2View（）函数中赋初值：
m_nIndex=-1;
m_strLine="";
在CMenu2View中添加WM_CHAR消息响应函数，并写上以下代码：
voidCMenu2View:
:
OnChar（UINTnChar,UINTnRepCnt,UINTnFlags）
{
//TODO:
Addyourmessagehandlercodehereand/orcalldefault
CClientDCdc（this）;
if（0x0d==nChar）
{
if（0==++m_nIndex）
{
m_menu.CreateMenu（）;
GetParent（）->GetMenu（）->AppendMenu（MF_POPUP,（UINT）m_menu.m_hMenu,"PhoneBook"）;//获取菜单项
GetParent（）->DrawMenuBar（）;//重画改变的菜单栏
}
m_menu.AppendMenu（MF_STRING,IDM_PHONE1+m_nIndex,m_strLine.Left（m_strLine.Find（''）））;
m_strArray.Add（m_strLine）;//将增加的一个字符保存到字符数组中
m_strLine.Empty（）;//清空先前的字符
Invalidate（）;//擦除先前窗口的内容，缺省为TRUE
}
else
{
m_strLine+=nChar;
dc.TextOut（0,0,m_strLine）;//输出字符串
}
CView:
:
OnChar（nChar,nRepCnt,nFlags）;
}
注释：
CStringArray
TheCStringArrayclasssupportsarraysofCStringobjects.
ThememberfunctionsofCStringArrayaresimilartothememberfunctionsofclassCObArray.Becauseofthissimilarity,youcanusetheCObArrayreferencedocumentationformemberfunctionspecifics.WhereveryouseeaCObjectpointerasareturnvalue,substituteaCString（notaCStringpointer）.WhereveryouseeaCObjectpointerasafunctionparameter,substituteaLPCTSTR.
CObject*CObArray:
:
GetAt（int）const;
forexample,translatesto
CStringCStringArray:
:
GetAt（int）const;
and
voidSetAt（int,CObject*）
translatesto
voidSetAt（int,LPCTSTR）
CStringArrayincorporatestheIMPLEMENT_SERIALmacrotosupportserializationanddumpingofitselements.IfanarrayofCStringobjectsisstoredtoanarchive,eitherwithanoverloadedinsertionoperatororwiththeSerializememberfunction,eachelementisserializedinturn.
Note Beforeusinganarray,useSetSizetoestablishitssizeandallocatememoryforit.IfyoudonotuseSetSize,addingelementstoyourarraycausesittobefrequentlyreallocatedandcopied.Frequentreallocationandcopyingareinefficientandcanfragmentmemory.
Ifyouneedadumpofindividualstringelementsinthearray,youmustsetthedepthofthedumpcontextto1orgreater.
WhenaCStringarrayisdeleted,orwhenitselementsareremoved,stringmemoryisfreedasappropriate.
FormoreinformationonusingCStringArray,seethearticleCollectionsinVisualC++Programmer’sGuide.
#include
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CObArray:
:
Add
intAdd（CObject*newElement）;
throw（CMemoryException）;
ReturnValue
Theindexoftheaddedelement.
Parameters
newElement
TheCObjectpointertobeaddedtothisarray.
Remarks
Addsanewelementtotheendofanarray,growingthearrayby1.IfSetSizehasbeenusedwithannGrowByvaluegreaterthan1,thenextramemorymaybeallocated.However,theupperboundwillincreasebyonly1.
ThefollowingtableshowsothermemberfunctionsthataresimilartoCObArray:
:
Add.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CWindow:
:
Invalidate
BOOLInvalidate（BOOLbErase=TRUE）;
SeeInvalidateRectintheWin32SDK.
Remarks
Invalidatestheentireclientarea.PassesNULLfortheRECTparametertotheInvalidateRectWin32function.
Example
//ThefollowingexampleattachesanHWNDtotheCWindowobjectand
//callsCWindow:
:
Invalidate（）toinvalidatetheentireclientarea
CWindowmyWindow;
myWindow.Attach（hWndFoo）;
myWindow.Invalidate（）;
并相继添加五个按钮：
protected:
//{{AFX_MSG（CMenu2View）
afx_msgvoidOnChar（UINTnChar,UINTnRepCnt,UINTnFlags）;
//}}AFX_MSG
afx_msgvoidOnPhone1（）;//消息原型声明
afx_msgvoidOnPhone2（）;
afx_msgvoidOnPhone3（）;
afx_msgvoidOnPhone4（）;
afx_msgvoidOnPhone5（）;
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP（）
-----------------------------------------------------
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP（CMenu2View,CView）
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP（CMenu2View）
ON_WM_CHAR（）
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
//Standardprintingcommands
ON_COMMAND（IDM_PHONE1,OnPhone1）//消息映射
ON_COMMAND（IDM_PHONE2,OnPhone2）
ON_COMMAND（IDM_PHONE3,OnPhone3）
ON_COMMAND（IDM_PHONE4,OnPhone4）
ON_COMMAND（IDM_PHONE5,OnPhone5）
ON_COMMAND（ID_FILE_PRINT,CView:
:
OnFilePrint）
ON_COMMAND（ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT,CView:
:
OnFilePrint）
ON_COMMAND（ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW,CView:
:
OnFilePrintPreview）
END_MESSAGE_MAP（）
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
voidCMenu2View:
:
OnPhone1（）//消息响应函数
{
//TODO:
Addyourcommandhandlercodehere
CClientDCdc（this）;
dc.TextOut（0,0,
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