美国文学课件.docx
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美国文学课件
作家及其代表作
NathanielHawthorne
■Twice-ToldTales(1837)
■MosesfromanOldManse(1846)
■TheScarletLetter(1850)
■TheHouseoftheSevenGables(1851)
■TheBlithedaleRomance(1852)
■TheMarbleFaun(1860)
EdgarAllanPoe
●Tales
●TheBlackCat;TheCaskofAmontillado
●TheFalloftheHouseofUsher;Ligeia
●TheMasqueoftheRedDeath
●TheMurdersintheRueMorgue
●TheTell-TaleHeart;ThePrematureBurial
●Poetry
●ADreamWithinADream
●AnnabelLee;TheCityintheSea
●Ulalume;TheHauntedPalace
●TheRaven
●Literarycriticism
●ThePhilosophyofComposition"
HermanMelville
⏹Typee(1846);Omoo(1847)
⏹Mardi(1849);Redburn(1849)
⏹WhiteJacket(1850)
⏹MobyDick(1851)
⏹Pierre(1852);ConfidenceMan(1857)
⏹BillyBudd(unfinished)
MarkTwain
■TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty(1867)
■TheInnocentsAbroad(1869)TheGildedAge(1873)
■OldTimesontheMississippi(1876)
■TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)
■LifeontheMississippi(1883)
■AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1884)
■AConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur'sCourt(1889)
HenryJames
TheAmerican(1877)DaisyMiller(1878)TheEuropeans(1878)
ThePortraitofALady(1881)TheBostonians(1886)
ThePrincessCasamassima(1886)TheTurnoftheScrew(1898)
WhatMaisieKnows(1897)TheWingsoftheDove(1902)
TheAmbassadors(1903)TheGlodenBowl(1904)
StephenCrane
⏹Maggie:
AGirloftheStreet(1893)
⏹TheRedBadgeofCourage(1894)
⏹“TheOpenBoat”
⏹“TheBlueHotel”
TheodoreDreiser
⏹SisterCarrie
⏹JennieGerhardt
⏹AnAmericanTragedy
⏹TheBulwark
⏹TheStoic
EdithWharton
⏹TheGreatInclination(1899)
⏹TheHouseofMirth(1905)
⏹EthanFrome(1911)
⏹TheCustomoftheCountry(1913)
⏹TheAgeofInnocence(1920)
SherwoodAnderson
Winesburg,Ohio1919
PoorWhite1920
DarkLaughter1925
DeathintheWoods1933
FrancisScottFitzgerald
•ThisSideofParadise(1920)Flappersandphilosophers(1920)
•TalesoftheJazzAge(1922)TheBeautifulandDamned(1922)
•TheGreatGatsby(1925)
•AlltheSadYoungMen(1926)
•TenderIstheNight(1934)
•TheCrack-Up(1945)TheLastTycoon(1941)
Ernest(Miller)Hemingway
InourTime(1925)TheTorrentsofSpring(1926)
TheSunAlsoRises(1926)AFarewelltoArms(1929)
MenWithoutWomen(1927)
GreenHillsofAfrica(1935)
DeathintheAfternoon(1936)
WillaCather
•Alexander’sBridge(12),OPioneers(13),
•TheSongoftheLark(15),MyAntonio(18)
•OneofOurs(22);TheProfessor’sHouse(23)
SinclairLewis
•MainStreet(1920);Babbitt(1922);
•Arrowsmith(25);ElmerGantry(27);Dodsworth(29)
JohnSteinbeck
TheCupofGold(29);ThePasturesofHeaven(32);TortillaFlat(35);
InDubiousBattle(36);OfMiceandMen(37);TheGrapesofWrath(39);
ThePearl(48);TheWaywardBus(47);EastofEden(52),
WilliamFaulkner
•Soldier’sPay(26);Mosquitoes(27);Sartoris(29);TheSoundandtheFury(29);AsILayDying(30);Sanctuary(31);LightinAugust(32);Absalom,Absalom(36)
•TheUnvanquished(38);TheWildPalms(39);GoDown,Moses(42)(“TheBear”)
•TheHamlet(40);AFable(57);TheTown(57);TheMansion(60);
•IntruderintotheDust(48);RequiemforaNun(51);TheReivers(62)
EugeneO’Neill
●AWifeforaLife(13);BoundEastForCardiff(14);BeyondtheHorizon(20);
●AnnaChristine(20);TheEmperorJones(20);DesireUndertheElms(24);TheHairyApe(21);TheGreatGodBrown(25);AllGod’sChillunGotWings(23);MarcoMillions(25);StrangeInterlude(27);MourningBecomesElectra(31)
●TheIcemanCometh(39);LongDay’sJourneyintoNight(40);Hughie(40);AMoonfortheMisbegotten(43)
SaulBellow(1915-2005)
DanglingMan(44);TheVictim(47);TheAdventuresofAugieMarch(53);
SeizetheDay(56);HendersontheRainKing(59);Herzog(64);Mr.Sammler’sPlanet(70);Humbolt’sGift(75);Dean’sDecember(82);TheActual(97)
IssacBashevisSinger(1904-1991)
YiddishWorks:
SataninGoray(34);TheFamilyMoskat(45);GimpeltheFool(53);
TheMagicianofLublin(59).
EnglishWorks:
TheSpinozaofMarketStreet(61);TheSlave(62);TheManor(67)
LiteratureintheColonialPeriod
(1607-1820)
♦I.CulturalBackground:
♦DiscoveryofAmericaandearlysettlers
♦II.AmericanPuritanism
♦1.Puritans–AmericanPuritans–AmericanPuritanism
♦2.Calvinism:
Predestination,OriginalSin,TotalDepravity,LimitedAtonement
♦3.ItsinfluenceuponAmericanwritings:
♦a.(technique):
symbolism
♦b.(tone):
optimism
♦c.(language):
simplicity
♦d.(theme):
redemptionandsalvation
♦III.TheLiteraryTrendsintheColonialPeriod
♦1.Generalfeatures
♦2.LiteraryForms
♦A.histories:
♦CaptainJohnSmith’sADescriptionofNewEngland
♦WilliamBradford’sOfPlymouthPlantation
♦ThomasJefferson’sNotesonVirginia
B.Personalaccount:
♦Slavenarratives,prisoner’snarratives,etc.
C.Sermons:
JonathanEdwards’SinnersintheHandsofAnAngryGod
D.Poetry:
AnneBradstreetandherreligiousandsecularpoetry
♦EdwardTaylor'sreligiouspoetry:
PreparatoryMeditations
♦PhilipFreneau’spatrioticandnaturepoetry:
“TheIndianBurialGround”
♦ThreeRepresentativeFigures(inprose)
♦JonathanEdwardsandhissermon:
SinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod
♦BenjaminFranklinandTheAutobiography(1791,1818)andPoorRichard’sAlmanac
♦ThomasPaineandhispoliticalessays:
CommonSenseandAmericanCrisis
♦JohndeCrevecoeurandhisLettersfromanAmericanFarmer
AmericanRomanticPeriod
(1820-1865)
♦I.RomanticFathers:
♦WashingtonIrvingandJ.F.Cooper
♦II.NewEnglandTranscendentalists(1836-1855):
♦RalphWaldoEmersonandHenryDavidThoreau
♦III.TheFirstLiteraryRenaissance
♦1.Twonovelists:
HawthorneandMelville
♦2.AControversialmanofletters:
E.A.Poe
♦3.TheEpitomesofAmericanPoetry:
♦WaltWhitmanandEmilyDickinson
♦4.OtherRomanticpoets:
♦a.W.C.Bryant
♦(Thanatopsis,TheYellowViolet,Toawaterfoul)
♦b.HenryWadsworthLongfellow
♦(APsalmofLife;TheSongofHiawatha;Evangeline;TheCourtshipofMilesStandish)
♦5.TwomodelsofAmericanProse:
♦FrederickDouglassasaprosewriter
♦NarrativeoftheLifeofFrederickDouglass
♦AbrahamLincolnasaprosewriter
♦GettysburgAddress
♦6.TwoLiteraryCritics:
EmersonandPoe
Poeasthefirstprofessionalcritic
“ThePhilosophyofComposition”,1846
“ThePoeticPrinciple”,1850
IV.TheRealisticPeriod(1865-1914)
•Realists:
HenryJamesandhispsychologicalrealism
•WilliamDeanHowellsandhismoralrealism
•LocalColorists:
•MarkTwainandotherLocalcolorists(regionalism)
•-FrancesBretHarte,TheLuckoftheRoaringCamp(1968)
•TheOutcastsofPokerFlat
•-HamlinGarland,Much-TraveledRoads
•ASonoftheMiddleBorder,CrumblingIdols.
•Naturalists:
FrankNorris,StephanCrane,JackLondon
TheodoreDreiserandhisnaturalistnovels
E.A.Robinsonandnaturalistpoetry:
TheManAgainsttheSky
“RichardCory”,“MiniverCheevy”
IV.TheRealisticPeriod(1865-1914)
TheRiseofWomenWriters
•KateChopin
•TheAwakening,1899;“TheStoryofanHour”“TheStorm”
•EdithWharton
•TheHouseofMirth,1905;EthanFrome,1911;
•TheCustomofCountry,1913;TheAgeofInnocence,1920.
•LouisaMayAlcott
•LittleWomen,1867;LittleMen,1871.
V.TheModernEra(1914-1945)
ModernPoetry
•1.EzraPound(85-72):
HughSelwynMauberley;Cantos;Cathay
•2.T.S.Eliot:
TheLoveSongofJ.AlfredPrufrock(1915),
•TheWasteland(1922),FourQuartets(1935-42)
•3.WallaceStevens:
Harmonium,IdeasofOrder,TheManwiththe
•BlueGuitarandOtherPoems;“AnecdoteoftheJar”
•4.W.C.Williams:
Paterson(1946-63);“TheRedWheelbarrow”
•5.RobertFrost(1874-1963):
•ABoy’sWill(1913,“Mowing”)
•NorthofBoston(14,“HomeBurial”,“MendingWall”,“AfterApple-Picking”)
•MountainInterval(1916,“Birches”,“TheRoadNotTaken”)
•NewHampshire(23/“FireandIce”;“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”)
•West-RunningBrook(28);AFurtherRange(36,“Design”);
•AWitnessTree(42);SteepleBush(47,“Directive”);IntheClearing(1962)
V.TheModernEra(1914-1945)
ModernNovelists
•1.TwoNovelistsintheTransitionalera
•A.SherwoodAnderson(1876-1941):
•WindyMcPherson’sSon(16);MarchingMen(17);
•Winesburg,Ohio(19);PoorWhite(20);TheTriumphwiththeEgg(21);
•DarkLaughter(25);DeathintheWoods(33)
•B.WillaCather(1873-1947)
•Alexander’sBridge(12),OPioneers(13),
•TheSongoftheLark(15),MyAntonio(18)
•OneofOurs(22);TheProfessor’sHouse(23)
•2.ThefirstNobelPrizeWinner:
SinclairLewis(1885-1951)
•OurMr.Wrenn(14);MainStreet(1920);Babbitt(1922);
•Arrowsmith(25);ElmerGantry(27);Dodsworth(29)
•
•3.TwoFemaleEuro-ResidingGeniusesinthemodernliterarystage
•A.GertrudeStein(1874-1946)ThreeLives(1909);TheMakingofAmerica(1925);TenderButtons(1914);TheAutobiographyofAliceB.Toklas(1933)
•B.DjunaBarnes(1892-1982)ABook(1923);ANightAmongtheHorses(1929);Ryder(1928);Nightwood(1936);SmokeandOtherEarlyStories(82)
•4.RepresentativesoftheLostGeneration:
•A.ErnestHemingway(1899-1961)
•InOurTime(25);TheSunalsoRises(26);MenwithoutWomen(27);AFarewelltoArms(29);WinnerTakeNothing(33);DeathintheAfternoon(32);GreenHillsofAfrica(35);ToHaveandForWhomtheBelltolls(40);TheOldManandtheSea(52);
•“TheShortHappyLifeofFrancisMacomber,”“TheSnowsofKilimanjaro”.
•B.F.S.Fitzgerald(1896-1940)
•ThisSideofParadise(20);FlappersandPhilosophers(20);TalesoftheJazzAge(22);TheBeautifulandtheDamned(22);TheGreatGatsby