sme financing causes and solutions 中小企业融资难的原因及其解决途径分析 外文翻译学士学位论文.docx
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smefinancingcausesandsolutions中小企业融资难的原因及其解决途径分析外文翻译学士学位论文
Smefinancingcausesandsolutions
Abstract
Asanewfinancingleasefinancingtools,Inrecentyearsinourcountry'smoderneconomyisdevelopingrapidly.However,mostoftheleasefinancingcompaniesinactivelyexplorethemarketatthesametime.Theriskof
financingleaseknowledgeandunderstandingbutwillstayonthesurface.Riskcontrolworkalsoatgropingstage.Constructionperfect,systemriskcontrolsystemnecessaryandurgent.Theauthorfinancingleaseinasystematic,onthebasisofrisk.Accordingtoitsownworkexperience,Thesystemispresentedcountermeasures.Tohelpenterprisestorenewtheidea.Doriskcontrolwork.
Keywords:
financingleaseriskriskcontrol
Somefinancingcausesandsolutions
LynnM.Fisher
Sincethereformandopeningup,theChinesesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesaretherapiddevelopmentofChina'snationaleconomy,improvethecontribution,smallandmedium-sizedenterprisesinpromotingeconomicgrowthandcreatejobs,increasefarmers'income,thetransferofruralsurpluslaborforceisplayingmoreandmoreimportant,etc.However,inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesfacinggreatdifficulties.Especiallytheinfluencetothefurtherdevelopmentofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesinChinaisthemostimportantfactortosamefinancingchannelisnarrow,financing,financingnumberstructureunreasonable,financingcostishigh.Iflessthan30%oftheindustrialsectorcontributionofstate-ownedenterpriseoccupied70%ofbankloan,butcreates70percentoftheGDPofthenon-state-ownedenterprisesonly30%ofthebankloans.Ifthisphenomenonisnotsufficienttoimprove,smallandmedium-sizedenterpriseswillbedifficult,sustainedandrapiddevelopmentofthewholenationaleconomywilldirectlyinfluencethedevelopment.
1.Somefinancingreasonanalysis
Fromtheabovewecanseethepresentfinancing,financingChinahasrestrictedthedevelopmentofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Thereasonisthatbothsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseitself,alsohavebankmanagementsystem,therearemorereasonsofnationalpolicy.
1.1Enterpriseitself.
(1)Thesmallscaleofcapital,smallandmedium-sizedenterprisesinformationideaindifference.Smallandmedium-sizedenterprisesoperatinginsmallscale,productiontechnology,productstructurebehindasinglelevelandlowtechnology,toresisttheriskabilityispoor,fluctuatingpricesofrawmaterialsorproducts,managementriskisbigger.Addsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisecreditisnothigh,credit,banklendingnon-americansoptions.Manysmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseinformationdisclosureawareness,financialmanagementlevelislow,thelackofobjectiveinformationandtransparent.Inaddition,individualsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestillmalicioussmokeescapecapital,default,shell,suspendedcreditorbank,causingseriousharmtothelossofcreditfundsofthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,theoveralllevelofcredit.
(2)Somefinancialsystemisnotperfect,theinternalcontrolsystemisnotperfect,theaccountinginformationdistortion,Banksandenterprisesinformationasymmetry,forsomefinancingdifficultyincreases.Assess,somefinancialsystemisnotperfect50%,manysmallandmedium-sizedenterprisequalitymanagement,lowlackoffinancialmanagementknowledge,majorfinancialdecision-makingbytheirheadstodecide,managementisverychaotic.Atthesametime,inordertocopewiththeinspectionandsupervisiondepartmentalsopreparetwosets,andevenmoreso,enterprise,toprovideaccurateaccountinginformation,thebankalsocannotfindtherealityoftheenterprisetoincreasetheriskofbankloanbusiness.
1.2bankreasons
(1)Thepolicysystemofbankloanandunbalanceddirectlyaffectthedirectfinancingchannels.Ourfinancialinstitutionswithfourcommercialbank,thebankingindustryandthehighaltitudemonopoly,consistentfourbanklendingtostate-ownedenterprisesonlywish.Thisismainlyintheownershipofstate-ownedBanksandenterprises,thedifferencesbetweenthebankandtheenterprisesystembarriers.Inaddition,theprovisionsofthestatebankisoverdue,baddebtsofnon-performingloans,sothebankimplementsprocessforfouryearsofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesofamorecautiouslendersnatureandcarefully.Thesecuritieslistedinthestrictrequest,"mainboardmarket"listedcompanyismainlyforlargestate-ownedenterprises,domesticenterprises,especiallythenon-statetechnologyenterprises","thesecond-boardmarket,fundandotherformsoffinancingisstillintheearlystageofbuilding,mediumandsmall-sizedenterprisesdirectfinancingchannelstoachieve.
(2)InformationasymmetryaffecttherelationshipbetweenBanksandenterprises.Astheproviderofbankcapitalandcan'tattendthedailyoperationandmanagementoffunds,andtheuser(some)ofinformationasymmetrybetweenwillbringthecontradictionsandproblems.Usually,thesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesinthemanagementofstateownedmorethanbankinformation,therefore,hasadvantagesofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesintheprocessofcontractintheeventofusingthecapitalordamagetheinterestsofprocess,bankofbankriskofexcessive.Duetothesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesandlargeenterprisesinoperationability,mortgageguaranteetransparencyandthedifference,andthesizeoftheloantothemanagementcostdifferences,lackofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesfordomesticBanksprovidemorefinancingservices.
(3)Lackofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesandthematchingofthesmallandmediumsizedfinancialinstitutions.Atpresent,thebankisstilllackoforganizationalsystemforsomefinancingservicepolicyBanks,whileChina'sexistinginthesmallandmedium-sizedcommercialBankssuchasurbanruralcreditcooperatives,share-holdingcommercialBanks,urbancommercialBanks,butbecausetheyarenotRongZiQuanpolicyanditsproblemshaven'tsolved,cannotsatisfysomeloans.Somesmallandmediumsizedfinancialinstitutionsfromthestart,notfromthestate-ownedenterprisesystem,managementlevelisnothigh,thedevelopmentabilityisinsufficient,thusreducedthefinancialsupporttosmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Thefinancialsystemreformisrelativelybackward,fromtheplannedeconomycontinuedfinancialstructureunreasonableproblemsstillnotcompletelyeffectivelysolvethesmallandmedium-sizedBanks,andprivateBanks.
(4)Ofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesthroughissuingstocksandbondsarenotunblockedfinancingchannels.OurcompanylawshallapplyforstockmarketconditionsoftheregisteredcapitalofajointstocklimitedcompanyshallnotbelessthanRMB5millionyuan,theshareholdersofalistedcompanyamountnotlessthanRMB3000yuan,publicissuanceofsharesreachedmorethan25%ofthetotalsharesofthecompany,thecompanyexceedsRMBtotalsharecapitalofthefourbillionyuan,theproportionofsharesfor10%above,etc,thesehardconditionsofsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseswillberejected,hinderingsomefinancingthroughcapitalmarket.Thelawalsoprovidesalimitedliabilitycompanybondsshallbenotlessthan60millionyuannetworthit,ajointstocklimitedcompanyshallnotbelessthan3,000yuannet,andhavestrongenterpriseguarantee,arenotallowedtoissue,thisseriesofprivateenterpriseofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesalsolimitconditionsbyissuingbondsfinancingofspace.
1.3Governmentdepartments
Governmentsupporttosmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Governmentretainsaplannedeconomy,long-termsince,thenationalpolicysupporttoenterprises,althoughtheseyearsnationalpolicychange,butdidnothappensubstantialchanges.Especiallythecountryexecuteslargestate-ownedenterprisesatpresenttothepreferentialpoliciesforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,andstillcan'tenjoythepreferentialpolicy.
InChina,althoughthedifferenceofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestoreducerates,twoorthreeyearfromshallbeexemptedfromincometaxpreferentialtaxpolicy,etc,butduetothesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesaresmall-scaletaxpayers,intheprocessofoperation,shallenjoythepreferentialpolicy.Finallyoftenactual
2tosolveoursomefinancingways
Duetothefinancing,enterprises,bankingandgovernmenttripartite,therefore,tosolvethedifficultyinfinancingsome,needsthejointeffortsofthethree.
2.1Regulateinternalmanagementofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,improvethecomprehensivequalityofenterprises
(1)Toclarifytherights,establishenterprisejoint-stocksystem.Activelypromoteenterprisepropertyrightssystemreform,theonlyenterpriseofpropertyrights,theoperatortoclarifytheirbehaviorandthefuturedevelopmentoftheenterprise,theenterpriseisresponsibleforthecreditcanbeestablished.Accordingtotherequirementsofthemodernenterprisesystemanditsowncharacteristics,thesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesenergeticallypromotingsome,joint-stocksystemreform.Throughthepropertyrightstransfer,lease,auctionshare-holdingsystem,etc,speedingupthereformofthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesgoenlivenpace.Intheprocessofreform,strengthenthevoluntarycontributiontoencourageemployeestoenterprisestaffGuanQieDuassetsfortheenterprisedevelopment,openingupnewfinancingchannels.
(2)Tostandardizeenterprisefinancialsystemandimprovefinancialmanagementlevel.Accordingtotherelevantprovisionsofthestate,establishingandperfectingtheenterprise'sfinancialandaccountingsystems,don'tdoth