餐桌礼仪Word下载.docx

餐桌礼仪Word下载.docx

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Therearealsomanydifferencesbetweenchineseandwesterntablemanners.Chineseconcernmoreaboutthesittingsequeces.Andanotherimportantdifferenceisdrinkingwine.Chinesepeopleliketoaskotherstodrinkwineforvariousreasons.Whenyougiveatoasttoothers,youneedtoconcernthestatusandchoosewhomyoushouldtoastfirst.Generallyspeaking,Chinesecaremoreaboutthepeoplesitaroundthetable,whilewesternpeopleconcernmoreaboutthetablewares,seemmorerationalwhileeating.

Tablemanners

Tablemanners 

aretherulesofetiquetteusedwhileeating,whichmayalsoincludetheappropriateuseofutensils.Differentculturesobservedifferentrulesfortablemanners.Manytablemannersevolvedoutofpracticality.Forexample,itisgenerallyimpolitetoputelbowsontables,sincedoingsocreatesariskoftippingoverbowlsandcups. 

Eachfamilyorgroupsetsitsownstandardsforhowstrictlytheserulesaretobeenforced.

Beforedining

Men'

sandunisexhatsshouldneverbewornatthetable.Ladies'

hatsmaybewornduringthedayifvisitingothers.

Beforesittingdowntoaformalmeal,gentlemenstandbehindtheirchairsuntilthewomenareseated.

Aprayeror'

blessing'

maybecustomaryinsomehouseholds,andtheguestsmayjoininorberespectfullysilent.Mostprayersaremadebythehostbeforethemealiseaten.Hostsshouldnotpracticeanextendedreligiousritualinfrontofinvitedguestswhohavedifferentbeliefs.

Onedoesnotstarteatinguntileverypersonisservedorthosewhohavenotbeenservedrequestthatyoubeginwithoutwaiting.

Napkinsareplacedinthelap.Atmoreformaloccasionsdinerswillwaittoplacetheirnapkinsontheirlapsuntilthehostplaceshisorhernapkinonhisorherlap.

Atmoreformaloccasionsalldinersshouldbeservedatthesametimeandwillwaituntilthehostessorhostliftsaforkorspoonbeforebeginning.

Evenifonehasdietaryrestrictions,itisinappropriatefornon-relativestorequestfoodotherthanthatwhichisbeingservedbythehostataprivatefunction.

Generalmannerswhiledining

Whenadishisofferedfromaservingdish（a.k.a.familystyle）,asisthetraditionalmanner,thefoodmaybepassedaroundorservedbyahostorstaff.Ifpassed,youshouldpassontheservingdishtothenextpersoninthesamedirectionastheotherdishesarebeingpassed.Placetheservingdishonyourleft,takesome,andpasstothepersonnexttoyou.Youshouldconsiderhowmuchisontheservingdishandnottakemorethanaproportionalamountsothateveryonemayhavesome.Ifyoudonotcareforanyofthedish,passittothenextpersonwithoutcomment.Ifbeingservedbyasingleperson,theservershouldrequestiftheguestwouldlikeanyofthedish.Theguestmaysay"

Yes,please,"

or"

No,thankyou."

Whenserving,servefromtheleftandpick-upthedishfromtheright.Beverages,however,aretobebothservedaswellasremovedfromtheright-handside.

Dipyoursoupspoonawayfromyouintothesoup.Eatsoupnoiselessly,fromthesideofthespoon.Whenthereisasmallamountleft,youmayliftthefrontendofthedishslightlywithyourfreehandtoenablecollectionofmoresoupwithyourspoon.

Ifyouarehavingdifficultygettingfoodontoyourfork,useasmallpieceofbreadoryourknifetoassist.Neveruseyourfingersorthumb.

ItisacceptableintheUnitedStatesnottoacceptallofferings,andtonotfinishallthefoodonyourplate.Nooneshouldaskwhyanotherdoesn'

twantanyofadishorwhyhehasnotfinishedaserving.

Thereshouldbenonegativecommentsaboutthefoodnoroftheofferingsavailable.

Chewwithyourmouthclosed.Donotslurp,talkwithfoodinyourmouth,ormakeloudorunusualnoiseswhileeating.

Say"

Excuseme,"

Excuseme.I'

llberightback,"

beforeleavingthetable.Donotstatethatyouaregoingtotherestroom.

Donottalkexcessivelyloudly.Giveothersequalopportunitiesforconversation.

Refrainfromblowingyournoseatthetable.Excuseyourselffromthetableifyoumustdoso.

Burping,coughing,yawning,orsneezingatthetableshouldbeavoided.Ifyoudoso,say,"

Excuseme."

Neverslouchortiltbackwhileseatedinyourchair.

Donot"

playwith"

yourfoodorutensils.Neverwaveorpointsilverware.

Youmayrestforearmsorhandsonthetable,butnotelbows.

Donottalkonyourphoneor"

text"

atthetable,orotherwisedosomethingdistracting,suchasreadorlistentoapersonalmusicplayer.Readingatthetableispermittedonlyatbreakfast.Ifanurgentmatterarises,apologize,excuseyourself,andstepawayfromthetablesoyourconversationdoesnotdisturbtheothers.

Iffoodmustberemovedfromthemouthforsomereason,itshouldbedoneusingthesamemethodwhichwasusedtobringthefoodtothemouth,i.e.byhand,byfork,etc.,withtheexceptionoffishbones,whichareremovedfromthemouthbetweenthefingers.

Beforeaskingforadditionalhelpings,alwaysfinishtheservingonyourplatefirst.

Gentlemenshouldstandwhenaladyleavesorrejoinsthetableinformalsocialsettings.

Somethingelse

WebsiteslikeCookfresh,InnerChefandCookGourmetassistpreciselyinthismanner.Theyhelppeoplebecome“gourmetchefs”fortheday,deliveringanarrayofIndian,Western,MediterraneanandAsiandishesinrawform.Alltheingredients,exoticastheymaybefordisheslikeBurmeseKhawSueyorRosemaryHerbedChicken,comepackedandlabelledinboxesthatkeepthecontentsfresh.Thebestthingisthattheymakeporingovercookbooksortrawlingthemallsfortheingredientsanunnecessaryhassle.

Thewebsiteshavemeticulouslyresearchedtheneedsofdifferentregionsandthisreflectsinthewaytheycatertoboththevalue-consciousandtheservice-consciouscustomers.“

1）Assoonasthehostesspicksuphernapkin,pickyoursupandlayitonyourlap.Sometimesarollofbreadiswrappedinit;

ifso,tokeitoutandputitonyoursideplate.

2）TheSoupCourse

Dinnerusuallybeginswithsoup.Thelargestspoonatyourplaceisthesoupspoon.Itwillbebesideyourplateattheright-handside.

3）TheFishCourse

Ifthereisafishcourse,itwillprobablyfollowthesoup.Theremaybeaspecialforkforthefish,oritmaybesimilartothemeatfork.Oftenitissmaller.

4）TheMeatCourse

ThemainCourseisusuallyservedbythehosthimself,especiallyifitisafowloraroastwhichneedtobecarved.Hewilloftenaskeachguestwhatpieceheprefers,anditisquitepropertostateyourpreferenceastoleanorfat,darkorlight.

5）UsingKnifeandFork

IfyouhaveEnglishandAmericanfriendsyouwillnoticeafewdifferencesintheircustomsofeating.Forthemainormeatcourse,theEnglishkeeptheforkinthelefthand,pointcurveddownward,andbringthefoodtothemoutheitherbystickingthepointsontoitorinthecaseofsoftvegetables,byplacingitfirmlyontheforkinthispositionwiththeknife.Americanscarvethemeatinthesameposition,thenlaydowntheknifeandtakingtheforkintherighthandwiththepointturnedup,pushitunderasmallpieceoffoodwithoutthehelpoftheknifeandbringittothemothright-side-up.

6）HelpingYourselfandRefusing

Ifaservantpassesfoodaround,hewillpassthedishinatyourlefthandsothatyoucanconvenientlyserveyourselfwithyourrighthand.Neverserveyourselfwhilethedishisonyourright;

itisthentheturnofyourneighborontheright.Itispolitetotakesomeofeverythingthatispassedtoyou.Butifthereissomethingyoumaynotlike,youmayquietlysay:

"

Nothankyou."

7）SecondHelpings

Thehostessmayormaynotaskifyouwouldlikeasecondhelping,accordingtotheformalityofthemeal.Ifshedoesandyouacceptit,youshouldpassyourplatetoherortotheservantwiththeknifeandforkstilllyingonit.

8）TheSaladCourse

Asaladiseatenwithaforkonlyheldintherighthandwithpointsturnedup.Thereisusuallyaspecialoneforthesalad,alittlesmallerthanthemeatfork.

9）BreadandButter

Breadistakeninthefingersandlaidonthesideplateortheedgeofthelargeplate,itisnevertakewithafork.Butteristakenfromthebutterdishwiththebutterkn