天津专用高考英语二轮增分策略专题四阅读表达优选习题.docx
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天津专用高考英语二轮增分策略专题四阅读表达优选习题
专题四阅读表达
阅读表达的题材和体裁与传统的阅读短文没有太大的区别,长度也大致相同或者比传统的阅读短文略短,文章的结构层次性更强。
问题类型多样。
总的来讲,大约有6种问题类型,即5+X:
1.主旨概括题:
它要求概括出文章的某一段、或整篇文章的大意、标题或作者的写作意图等。
出题方式主要有:
(1)Whatisthemainideaofthearticle/Paragraph1?
(2)Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?
(3)Whatisthepurposeofwritingthetext/passage?
(4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout/discuss?
(5)Forwhatpurposedoestheauthormention...inParagraph1?
2.同义句替换题:
它要求根据所给出的英文句子,寻找短文中意思相同的句子。
出题方式主要有:
(1)Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone?
(2)Whichsentenceinthetextistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?
(3)Pleasefindoutthesentencewhichcanbereplacedbythefollowingone.
3.完成句子题:
它要求利用上下文,将短文中的空白处用合适的词、短语或句子补充完整,使短文通畅。
出题方式主要有:
(1)Pleasefillintheblankinthepassagewithproperwords.
(2)FillintheblankinParagraph3withproperwords.
4.句子翻译题:
它要求将短文中划线的句子翻译成通顺的汉语。
出题方式主要有:
Translatetheunderlinedsentenceinthe...paragraph/passageintoChinese.
5.封闭型问题:
结合文中具体依据进行回答。
出题方式主要有:
(1)Whatadviceisgiveninthethirdparagraph?
(nomorethan10words)
(2)AccordingtoParagraph2,howdoestheauthorsettletheproblem?
(nomorethan20words)
(3)Whatarethereasonsfortheproblemaccordingtothepassage?
(nomorethan10words)
6.开放型问题:
结合个人观点态度进行表述。
出题方式主要有:
(1)Whatwouldyoudoifyouwere...?
(2)Howwouldyousolvetheproblemifyouwere...?
(3)Whatothersuggestionswouldyougivetosolvetheproblemmentioned?
1.主旨概括题
这类问题要求我们理解全文后对文章标题或大意进行概括。
我们要做到:
(1)在概括标题时,要做到精辟、简洁,注意书写格式和词数限制。
标题可以概括成短语,有时也可是一个短句。
书写时有三种形式:
①标题的开头字母大写,其他所有字母都小写;②标题第一个单词和实词的首字母要大写;③全部字母都大写。
可任选其一。
(2)在概括文章大意时,我们要从整体上把握作者的观点、态度,捕捉与题目相关的信息。
抓住文章的首尾段和各段的首尾句是做好该题的关键。
2.同义句替换题
做此类题目时一定要分析所给句子的结构、含义、实际用意,在文章中找句子时一定要通读上下文,切不可断章取义。
找到的同义句必须准确、全面,不能增加或减少内容。
在抄写过程中一定不能出现漏掉单词、字母、标点符号等现象。
3.完成句子题
语境和上下文之间的逻辑关系是回答该类问题的关键。
语句间的逻辑性是我们解决这类问题的着眼点,要找出语句间的一些递进、并列、对比、转折、因果等的关系,在理解全文的基础上把握上下文之间的逻辑关系,要充分考虑整句话的语言环境,特别注意上下、前后句子的弦外之意,确定需要填写的是短语还是完整句子,并注意书写时的问题,如大小写等。
该类问题的词数要求会比较少,所以语言一定要简练;做完题目后一定要用“代入法”进行验证,看是否符合文章逻辑和作者的意图。
4.句子翻译题
做此类题目要分析句子结构,遵循忠实通顺的原则,表达完整;注意英汉语序的差异,译文要符合汉语表达习惯;关键词务必要翻译出来,语言要简练。
5.封闭型问题
面对该类问题,我们可以结合文中的具体依据进行回答,答案是固定的、唯一的。
6.开放型问题
面对该类问题,我们可以依据自己的看法结合对原文的理解作出回答,注意扬长避短,避难就易。
1
(2018·天津)
Somepeoplelivetoclimbthehighestmountains.Somepeopleliveonlydreamingaboutitwhileotherslivetoavoideverclimbingatall.Butonethingiscertain,allpeopleencountermountainsintheirlife.
WhenIwasalittlegirl,myfamilymovedtoatinytownatthebottomofabigmountain.Onedayafterschool,whileexploringthegreenwoodsofthismagnificentmountain,Ialmostfellonasetofstairs.Whatcouldthesestepsleadto?
CuriositygotthebestofmeasIknewitwouldbestartingtogetdarksoon.Istartedclimbingupthosestrangelymysterioussteps.
Iclimbedandclimbed.Therewasnothingbutjustgreenbushesandthesesteps.Ihadtoreachthetop!
Butitwasnowgettingrealdark.IfIkeptgoingImightnotbeabletoseemywayback.MymumwouldbeworriedsickifIdidn’tcomehomesoon.SoIranbackhomealmostinthedarkwhiletryingnottogettooscared.
AnxiouslyIwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain.Couldtherebeacastleupthere?
MaybeIwouldfindamonster(怪物).MaybeIwastakingtheriskofnevercomingbackhome.Or,maybeallIwouldfindwasabsolutelynothing!
Butsomethinginsidemewasgoingtoclimbthatmountainatallcost.Icouldhardlywaittotrythisadventureagain.
Nowweliveinaworldsurroundedbythe“can’tdo”attitudes.Weallfalldown.Weallhavedoubtsandregrets.Stillwemustclimbanddreamaboutwhat’satthetopofourmountain.Monstersmayappearorthenightwillfall.Butneverevergiveuponyourdream!
Neverletanyonetellyou,“Youcan’t.”Dreambigandclimbhigh!
56.Whatmadetheauthorstarttoclimbupthestairstothemountaintop?
(nomorethan5words)
Curiositymadeherdoso./Thedesiretoexplore.
57.Whydidtheauthorhurrybackhomewithoutreachingthetopofthemountain?
Givetworeasons.(nomorethan15words)
Becauseitwasgettingdark,andshedidn’twanthermothertoworryabouther./Becauseshewasscared,andmightnotbeabletofindher/thewaybackhome.
58.HowwouldyoudescribetheauthorintermsofpersonalitiesaccordingtoParagraph4?
(nomorethan10words)
Shehadrichimaginationandshewasbrave./Shewasabraveanddeterminedgirlwithrichimagination./Shewasimaginativeanddetermined,andshedaredtoexplore./Shewasimaginative,adventurousanddetermined.
59.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?
(nomorethan5words)
Weallsometimesfail./Wefacefailure/defeat/hardships/challengesinlife./Therearedifficulties/barriers/obstaclesinlife./Werunintotroublesometimes./Wehavetroubleinlife.
60.What’syourattitudetowardsthe“mountain”inyourlife?
Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)
IwilltrytoreachmygoalbecauseIwanttoliveanexcitinglife./Iwilltrytoreach/gettothetopofthe“mountain”becauseIwanttobesuccessfulinlife.
2
(2017·天津)
Intheyearsofmygrowingup,Dadwasstrictwithme.HemadesureImademybedanddidmyhomework.Hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty.Igotsoangrywithhimforlayingdownthelaw.Iwouldscream,“Ihateyou!
”Dadwouldyellback,“Good!
Idon’tcare!
”DeepdownIknewhedid.
Onetimeataparty,Idranktoomuchalcoholandgotsosick.Isaid,“Callmydad.”Nextthing,Dadwascarryingmetothecar.Iwokeupthenextmorning,thinkingIwoulddefinitelybecriticised.Asexpected,Igotaroasting,butInowunderstandwhyIneededdiscipline.
Dadwas29whenhegothisbigrolesinfilms.Ihadanearlystartattheageofninewitharoleina1990sTVseries,butitwasn’tuntilIfinishedfilmstudiesthatIpursuedmycareerasanactress.LikethoseearlydaysforDad,Ifacedlotsofrejections.Workinginsuchacompetitiveindustry,I’vesometimesthought,“Ican’tdothisanymore.”
Once,afteratriptoHollywood,IreturnedtoAustraliasodepressedandspentmonthsinmybedroompainting,listeningtoEckhartTolle’smusicandtryingtofindmyselfagain.Dadsatmedownandsaid,“Alice,Iknowit’shard,butit’sallaboutpersistence(坚持不懈).”
NowIgettoworkwithDadalot,whichIlove.Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople.Ifitweren’tforDad,Iwouldn’tbewhereIamtoday.He’smybiggestfan,andwhenyouhavethatinyourlifeyoucangoalongway.
56.WhatrulesdidAlice’sfathersetforherwhenshewasgrowingup?
(nomorethan15words)
Sheshouldmakeherbed,doherhomeworkanddrinknoalcohol./Makingherbed,doingherhomeworkanddrinkingnoalcohol.
57.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?
(nomorethan5words)
Igot/wascriticised/scolded.
58.WhatdidAlice’sfatherdowhenshefeltdepressed?
(nomorethan5words)
Heencouraged/comforted/inspiredher.
59.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatdoAliceandherfatherhaveincommon?
(nomorethan10words)
Theyarebothpassionateaboutactingandinterestedinpeople.
60.WhatdoyouthinkofAlice’sfather?
Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan20words)
Heisagood/devoted/caring/lovingfatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencouragedherwhenshewasintrouble.或Heisalwayssupportive/asourceofstrength.Wheneversheisintrouble,heisthereforher.
3
(2016·天津)
I’ma34-year-oldman,married,liveinanicehouse,andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducationalconsultant.Butmylifewasnotalwayssogreat.Ihadalearningdisabilityfromanearlyage.IwenttoaspecialschoolwhereIgotplentyofextrahelp.Still,Isufferedtherestofmyschooldaysinpublicschools.
MylifeimprovedremarkablywhenIdiscoveredart.Theartworldgavemeachancetoexpressmyselfwithoutwords.Iwenttoaworkshopandgraduallygotgoodatmakingthingswithclay(黏土).HereIlearnedmyfirstimportantlesson:
disabledasIwasinlanguage,Icouldstillbesmartandwellexpressmyselfwithclay.Andmyconfidencecamealong.
Igotmynextlessonfromrockclimbing.ItwasafunthingbutIwasscaredfromthestart.Isoonnoticeditwasn’tatalentthing;itwaspractice.SoIdiditmore.Afteraboutfiveyearsofclimbing,IfoundmyselfinYosemiteValleyonabigwall.Ilearnedthatifyoufallinlovewithsomethinganddoitallthetime,youwillgetbetteratit.
LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwrite.EverydayIpracticedreadingandwriting,whichIusedtoavoidasmuchaspossible.Aftertwohardyears,Iwasliterate.
Havinggonethroughthelongprocesswithart,rockclimbing,andreadingandwriting,nowI’vegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown,hard,butinteresting.
56.Whatmadetheauthor’sschooldaysdifficult?
(nomorethan5words)
Hislearningdisability./Or:
Havingalearningdisability./Or:
Thathewaslearningdisabled./Or:
Thathehadalearningdisability.
57.Whydidartgivetheauthorconfidence?
(nomorethan10words)
Becausehecouldbesmartandexpresshimselfwithclay./Or:
Becauseartcouldhelphimexpresshimselfwithoutwords./Or:
Becausehecouldwellexpresshimselfwithclay/art.
58.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromrockclimbing?
(nomorethan15words)
Ifyouenjoysomethingandkeepdoingit,youwillgetbetteratit./Or:
Themoreyoupracticesomething,thebetteratityouwillbecome./Or:
Practicemakesperfect./Or:
Practiceleadstosuccess.
59.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartinParagraph4?
(nomorethan5words)
Icouldreadandwrite.
60.Howdoestheauthor’sstoryinspireyoutoovercomedifficultiesinlife?
Putitinyourownwords.(nomorethan20words)
Weshouldn