热点08 人工智能的发展及应用解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx

热点08 人工智能的发展及应用解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练.docx

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热点08人工智能的发展及应用解析版备战中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练

备战2021年中考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练

热点08人工智能的发展及应用

一、阅读理解

1

HumansandAIcanworktogethertomakeartmoreinteresting.

Aspecialcopyright（版权）casehasrecentlydrawnattentionbecauseitisrelatedto（和......有关的）artificialintelligence（AI）.Acourt（法庭）inShenzhenruledthatanewsreportwrittenbyTencent’sAIenjoyscopyrightprotection.Awebsitebrokethelawbecauseitusedthearticlewithoutpermission（允许）.

ThisisthefirstcaseinChinathathasprovidedcopyrightprotectiontoworkdonebyAI.Butwhatdoesitindicate（表明）?

WillAItaketheplaceofcreativeworkersinthefuture?

Probablynot.AIisnotyetabletowritecreativestories.Thenewsreportmentioned（提到）aboveismainlyaboutdata.SinceAIisgoodatprocessing（处理）data,itisoftenusedtowritefinancial（金融的）reports.SomenewspapersalsouseAItoreportonstoriesaboutnaturaldisasters（灾害）,whichmainlyrequire（需要）basicfactssuchas“where”and“when”.AsForbeswrote,insteadoflosingtheirjobs,journalistscanmaketheirworkmoreefficient（高效的）byusingAIsothattheycanfocusmoreonstorytellingandlessonnumbers.

AIisactuallybeinghelpfulinmanycreativefields.Forexample,WayneMcGregor,aBritishchoreographer（编舞）,isfamousforusingAItocreatenewdances.Forhim,AIisapowerfultoolthatcanhelpchoreographersbreakoutofcommonmovements（动作）.McGregorisnotworriedthatAImightreplacehumanartists.“AIcan’tjudge（判断）thequality（质量）ofthechoreography,”hesaid.

“It’stimetostopworryingaboutifAIcanbecreative,”accordingtoForbes.Instead,weshouldfocusonhowhumansandAIcanworktogetherinwaysthatwehaveneverdreamedofbefore.

1.AccordingtothecopyrightcaserelatedtoAI,weknowthat________.

A.AIcanalsobreakthelaw.

B.newsstoriescannotbewrittenbyAI.

C.articleswrittenbyAIalsohavecopyrightprotection.

D.AIcancopyothers’articleswithoutpermission.

2.WhichkindofstoriesmightAIbegoodatwriting?

A.Sci-fistories.B.Disasterreports.C.Horrorstories.D.Poems.

3.WayneMcGregoragreesthat________.

A.AIhelpshimdocreativework

B.AIcancreatenewdancesbyitself

C.AImightreplacehumanartists

D.AIcanteachpeoplehowtodance

4.Whichofthefollowingmightbetheauthor’sview?

A.ManyjobswilldisappearduetoAI.

B.WeshouldmakelawsforAI.

C.AIisdifficulttouse.

D.WeshouldworktogetherwithAI.

【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D

【解析】本文介绍人工智能在数据分析有很大优势，也能做一些创建性的工作，人类不需要担心它会取代人类，可以和AI协同工作。

1.细节理解题。

根据第二段“Acourt（法庭）inShenzhenruledthatanewsreportwrittenbyTencent’sAIenjoyscopyrightprotection深圳一家法院裁定，腾讯人工智能撰写的新闻报道享有版权保护”可知AI写的文章也有版权保护，故选C。

2.细节理解题。

根据第三段“AIisnotyetabletowritecreativestories.Thenewsreportmentioned（提到）aboveismainlyaboutdata.SinceAIisgoodatprocessing（处理）data,itisoftenusedtowritefinancial（金融的）reports.SomenewspapersalsouseAItoreportonstoriesaboutnaturaldisasters人工智能还不能写出有创意的故事。

上面提到的新闻报道主要是关于数据的。

由于人工智能擅长处理数据，所以它经常被用来编写金融报告。

有些报纸也用人工智能编写自然灾害的报道”可知灾难的报道适合AI编写，故选B。

3.细节理解题。

根据第五段“Forhim,AIisapowerfultoolthatcanhelpchoreographersbreakoutofcommonmovements（动作）.McGregorisnotworriedthatAImightreplacehumanartists.“AIcan’tjudge（判断）thequality（质量）ofthechoreography对于他来说，AI是一个能够帮助编舞摆脱相同动作的有力工具。

McGregor不用担心AI可能会代替人类艺术家。

AI不能判断编舞的质量”可知AI仅仅能够帮助人们去编舞，做一些创建性的工作，但不能替代人类，故选A。

4.主旨大意题。

根据第六段“weshouldfocusonhowhumansandAIcanworktogetherinwaysthatwehaveneverdreamedofbefore我们应该聚焦于人类和AI怎样能够用我们以前从没有想过的方法在一起工作”可知人工智能并不令人担忧，人类可以与他一起协同工作，故选D。

2

AIisadouble-edgedsword.Itcanhelpus,butalsocauseusharm.WhoisusingAI?

IsAIreplacinghumans?

WhatshouldwedotoavoidtherisksanddangersthatAImightbring?

Artificialintelligenceissettobenefitmankindinmanyways.Itwillmakeeverydaytaskseasierandbringefficiencytovariousindustries.Itmightjustprovetobeoneofman'sgreatestinventions.

Andyet,likeanyothertechnology,▲.InFebruary2018,agroupofAIexpertsgottogethertodiscussthepossiblemisuseofAI.Whattheyfoundwasthat"EveryAIadvancebythegoodguysisanadvanceforthebadguys,too,"accordingtoQuartz.

Theirbiggestconcernwasthatcriminals（罪犯）coulduseAIforwrongfulpurposes.OneoftheareastheylookedatwastheuseofAItocreatewebsitesthatcouldbeusedtostealpeople'spersonalinformation.AnotherpossibilityisthatAIprogramscouldbetaughttohacksoftwareandbreakintocomputersecuresystems.

Therearesomeotherconcernsaswell.ItispossiblethatAIcouldbeusedtocreatefakeimagesandvideos.ChinesetechgiantBaidu,infact,hasdevelopedaprogramcalledDeepVoicethatcan"clone"anyone'svoicebystudyinga3.7-secondaudiosample.

ManyleadingfiguresinthetechworldhaveexpressedconcernaboutAI.PeoplelikeBillGatesandElonMuskhavecalledfortheindustrytobemorestrictlyregulated,astherearefewlawsrightnowontheuseofAI.

However,thisissettochange.InMarch2018,theEuropeanUnionplanstosetupagroupthatwilldiscussthemoralandethicaldangersofadvancedAI–andhopefully,suggestsomeregulationsthatwillhelpuskeepitsafeformankind.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin▲inParagraph3?

A.AImakesourlifeeasierB.AIwillalsobringrisks

C.AIisarounduseverydayD.AIbeatshumaninmanyways

6.SomeexpertshaveconcernsaboutAIbecause________.

A.itmakespeoplelazierB.itisdevelopingtoofast

C.itwillreplaceworkersinthefutureD.somepeoplemayuseittodobadthings

7.DeepVoiceismentionedtoshow________.

A.howAIisdevelopedB.whatAIcandointhefuture

C.whyBaiduisatechgiantD.howAIcancopyvoices

8.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.

A.theremaybenewlawstoregulatetheuseofAI.

B.AIwillbringmoreharmthanbenefittomankind.

C.manyAIprogrammerswillbecomecriminals.

D.therewillonlybefakenewsandvideosonline.

9.Thispassageiswrittenmainlyto________.

A.tellreadersthatAIisanewinventionB.introducewhatAIisreallyabout

C.showthatAIalsohasdisadvantagesD.suggestsomerulesforAI

【答案】5.B6.D7.D8.A9.C

【解析】人工智能是一把双刃剑。

它可以帮助我们，但也给我们造成伤害。

本文主要介绍人工智能的一些缺点以及欧盟即将采用的应对办法。

5.推理判断题。

根据本段后文“InFebruary2018,agroupofAIexpertsgottogethertodiscussthepossiblemisuseofAI.”可知，此处描述人工智能被滥用的问题，不当使用可能会带来危害，故选B。

6.细节理解题。

根据第四段中“Theirbiggestconcernwasthatcriminals（罪犯）coulduseAIforwrongfulpurposes.”可知，他们最大的担心是罪犯把人工智能用于非法目的。

故选D。

7.推理判断题。

根据第五段中“DeepVoicethatcan‘clone’anyone’svoicebystudyinga3.7-secondaudiosample”可知，提到DeepVoice是为了展示人工智能是如何复制声音的。

故选D。

8.推理判断题。

根据文章内容及最后一段中“…andhopefully,suggestsomeregulationsthatwillhelpuskeepitsafeformankind.”可知，可能会有新的法律来规范人工智能的使用。

故选A。

9.主旨大意题。

本文大篇幅用来讨论人工智能的缺点和弊端，呼吁可以提出一些规章制度，帮助我们保护人工智能对人类的安全。

故选C。

3

ArtificialIntelligence（AI）isgrowingrapidly.WearelivinginaworldthatdependsmoreandmoreonAI.AIisagroupoftechnologies.Ithelpsmachinesget,understandanduseinformationtodotasks.

AI’srecentdevelopmentshavegotalotofsocialattention.SomepeoplehavewelcomedAIbecauseitmakesthingspossible.Forexample,AIwillhaveabiginfluenceonareaslikemedicineandengineering.Butthisattentionhasalsoproducedalotoffear.EspeciallymanyworkersareworryingthatAIcouldmakethemlosetheirjobs.

Accordingtoarecentstudy,nearlyfivepercentofjobsdisappearbecauseofAI.Insomeindustries,AIhasalreadybeendoingtheworkthatpeopleusedtodo,suchasassembling（装配）cars,diggingthecoalandliftinggoods.Self-drivingcarsandtruckscontrolledbyAIwillalsotakeawaythedriver'sjobsinthefuture.

Ontheotherhand,AIwillalsocreatemanynewjobsforpeople.MorepeoplewillbeneededtowriteprogramsforAIsystems（系统）andtheywillsetupandworkonthemtoo.Meanwhile,jobsthatrequire（需要）feelings,excellentcommunicationskillswithpeoplewillnotbereplaced（取代）byAI.Theseincludejobsinfieldsliketeaching,nursingandpersonaltraining.

AIishere.Itischanginghowpeopleliveandworkinmanyways.ThatmakesAIimportanttowatch,nottofear.

10.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraphOne?

A.AIcangetinformationforpeople.

B.AIcanhelpmachinesunderstandorders.

C.AIwillbecomelessimportantinthefuture.

11.WhatcanweknowaboutAI?

A.PeoplewelcomeAIbecauseitmakesthingsenjoyable.

B.AIwillhaveabiginfluenceonareaslikemedicineandteaching.

C.Somepeopledon'tlikeAIbecausetheythinkitmaymakethemlosejobs.

12.WhomightbeinfluencedbyAIaccordingtothepassage?

A.Writers.B.Businessman.C.Workersofcarfactories..

13.WhywillAIcreatenewjobstoo?

A.Becausemoreprogrammerswillbeneeded.

B.BecausesomejobswillhereplacedbyAI.

C.Becausetherewillalwayshehumannurses.

14.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?

A.AIshouldbestoppedrightnow.

B.AIwillmakepeopleworkmoreeasily.

C.AIwillinevitably（不可避免地）changeourlives,butweshouldn'tfearit.

【答案】10.B11.C12.C13.A14.C

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能的发展，同时也阐述了人工智能的出现给人们带来的恐慌与机遇。

10.细节理解题。

根据“Ithelpsmachinesget,understandanduseinformationtodotasks”，可知它可以帮助机器理解命令，故选B。

11.细节理解题。

根据“Butthisattentionhasalsoproducedalotoffear.EspeciallymanyworkersareworryingthatAIcouldmakethemlosetheirjobs”，可知有些人很恐惧人工智能会使得他们都失业，故选C。

12.推理判断题。

根据“EspeciallymanyworkersareworryingthatAIcouldmakethemlosetheirjobs”和“Self-drivingcarsandtruckscontrolledbyAIwillalsotakeawaythedriver'sjobsinthefuture”，可以推测汽车公司的工人们会受到人工智能的影响，故选C。

13.细节理解题。

根据“MorepeoplewillbeneededtowriteprogramsforAIsystemsandtheywillsetupan