大学实用英语.docx

大学实用英语.docx

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大学实用英语

UnitFourTravelandEntertainment

PassageA

AmericanFashionofTraveling

BackgroundKnowledge

1.TheNewContinent:

thetermisusedtorefertotheAmericancontinent.WhenColumbusdiscoveredAmerica,peoplenameditastheNewContinentcomparedwithEuropewhichwascalledtheOldContinent.Sincethen,thetermhasbeenwidelyrecognizedtostandforthecontinentwhereAmericaisinnow.

2.Motel:

acompoundofmobileandhotel.Itisasimpleandeconomicaltospendholidaysoutdoors.Somevehiclescanactasmotelswithpropercorrections.

3.RelatedWebsites:

TeachingDesign

1.TheStructureoftheText

Thepassagecanbedividedintofourparts.

Parts

Paragraphs

MainIdeaofEachPart

PartI

Para.1

Americansheadforvacationspotstospendtheirholiday

PartII

Para.2

Inhistory,Americanisapeopleinfavorofmigration.

PartIII

Para.3-5

HowAmericansspendtheirholidaysintraveling.

PartIV

Para.6

BeingonthemovemakesAmericansdifferentfromanyotherpeopleintheworld.

2.SuggestionstoTeachingActivities

1）Pre-reading:

Jigsaw:

Dividethestudentsintosmallgroupsequallyaccordingtothenumberofthetopicsgivenbelow.Eachofgroupsisrequiredtomakeasurveyandgetreadyforgroupdiscussioninclass.

A.Talkaboutthewaysyouusuallyspendyourholidays.

B.Givetheinformationabouttheplacesofinterestathomeandabroad（suchastheSummerPalace）.

C.Discussthereasonwhypeoplegotravelingindetailwithyourpartner.

2）While-reading:

Pyramid

Thisisastrategytohelpstudentswithcomprehensionandmakesurethestudentsunderstandthetext.Dothefollowingasaclassactivitywhilereading.

Pyramid

a.________

b._______________

c.______________________

d.___________________________

e.________________________________

f.___________________________________

g._______________________________________

h.____________________________________________

Havethestudentsfillinthepyramidwiththeinformationaskedforbelow.

Online:

a.Writethenameofthetext

b.Writetwowordspossiblytosummarizethethemeofthetext

c.WritethreewordsdescribingwhyAmericanslikemigration

d.WritefourwordsdescribingthepurposeforwhichAmericanstravelindailylives

e.WritefivewordsstatingwhyAmericanscantravelinvacations.

f.WritesixwordssupportingwhyAmericanspreferdomestictraveling

g.WritesevenwordsdescribingwhatdestinationsAmericanscanchoosetogofortraveling

h.WriteeightwordsdescribingtheimportantfeatureofAmericans

Suggestedanswers:

a.AmericanFashionofTraveling

b.travel,migration

c.desiretomove

d.commutes,business,vacationtraveling

e.low-budgetexcursions,luxuriousresorts,adventures

f.cheap,nolanguageproblem,numerousattractions

g.resorts,historicalsites,nature,seaside,waters,Africa

h.peopleofhugemigrationandonthemove

Themorethestudentsworkwiththisactivity,theeasieritwillbecome.

3）After-reading:

TyingItAllTogether:

A.OralWork:

CheckyourPyramidwithyourpartner.Studentsmaygetsomehelpfromteachersforadegreeofaccuracy.

B.Homework:

UsethePyramidasanoutlineandwriteashortsummaryofthetext.

Suggestedanswers:

SincetheearlyarrivalsofAmericansintheNewContinent,Americanshavebeenknownfortheirmigrationandtravel,mostlyduetotheirdesirestomovetoanewplaceeitherfornewterritoriesorforleisure.Nowadays,Americansmakecommutestowork,goabroadforbusinessortotravelinvacations.Theycandowhatevertheylike---goonlow-budgetexcursions,stayinluxuriousresorts,ormakeadventures.MostAmericansprefertotraveldomesticallybecauseitischeap,withnolanguageproblemandmostimportantly,Americaisacountryfullofnumerousattractions.Thereareavarietyofoptionsforthedestinationstheychoose,includingvacationresorts,historicalsites,nature,seaside,waters,orAfrica.Thus,Americansarethepeopleofhugemigrationandonthemove.

C:

Check:

Askstudentstoreadsomeofthesummariesnexttimeatthebeginningoftheclass

DetailedDiscussionoftheText

1.Andmostofall,wealldeserveabreak.（Para.1）

deserve（vt.）:

tobeworthyof;befitfor应该，理应

deservesth./todo/doing:

beworthdoing理应做...

e.g.

You’vebeenworkingallmorning,andyoudeservearest.你已干了整个一个上午，你应该休息一下。

Shedeservedtowin.她是理应获胜的。

Hisdeedsdeservedpraising.他的行为理应受到表扬。

2.WhenAmericantakeabreak,theyoftenheadfortheirfavoritevacationspot.（Para.2）

headfor:

tomovetowards;goto朝…而去，前往

e.g.

Whereareyouheadingfor?

你向哪去？

Youareheadingforanaccidentifyoudriveafterdrinking.你酒后驾车等于是去闯祸。

3.Buttheyweren’tcontenttostaythere.（Para.2）

content（adj.）:

satisfied;happy满意的

becontentwith/becontenttodo:

feelsatisfieddoing满足于

e.g.

Maryiscontenttositinfrontofthetelevisionallnight.玛利整夜坐在电视机前就心满意作了。

Hisparentsarecontentwiththemarkshehadinthefinalexamination.他的父母对于他在期末考试中所取得的成绩很满意。

4.Therefore,thewesternpartofthenewcontinentwastargeted,thatis,explorersandtradersjourneyedtotheunknownwesternterritories.（Para.2）

target（n./v.）:

anythingfiredat,makesth.theaim目标，把…当成目标

e.g.

Heisthetargetofmanyjokes.许多玩笑都拿他当笑柄。

Thefirstprizeofthecontestwastargetedbyhim.这次比赛的一等奖是他的目标。

5.Asaresultofthiswestwardmigration,AmericanseventuallyoccupiedthewholecontinentfromtheAtlantictothePacific.（Para.2）

migrate（vt.）:

tomovefromoneplacetoanother移居

e.g.

Sometribesmigratewiththeircattleinsearchoffreshgrass.有些部落为了寻找鲜草干着牲畜一起迁徙。

Somefishmigratewiththeseason.一些鱼类随着季节定期洄游。

6.Asaresultofthiswestwardmigration,AmericanseventuallyoccupiedthewholecontinentfromtheAtlantictothePacific.（Para.2）

occupy（vt.）:

tofill占据

occupyoneselfwithsth.:

makeoneselfbusydoing让自己忙于...

e.g.

Hisbooksoccupyalotofspace。

他的书占据了很多空间。

Heoccupiedhimselfwithcollectingstamps.他从事集邮。

7.Somepeoplemakelong-distancecommutestoworkdaily.（Para.3）

commute（vi./n.）:

totravelregularlyalongalongdistancebetweenhomeandwork

e.g.

ShecommutedfromLondontoCambridge。

她往返于伦敦和剑桥之间。

Itisboringtomakecommuteseveryday.每天都要通勤是很无聊的。

8.Campingoutinthegreatoutdoorsappealstoadventuroustypes.（Para.3）

appeal（vi.）:

beattractiveorinterestingtosb.吸引

appealtosb. :

beattractivetosb.吸引某人

e.g.

Doestheideaofworkingabroadappealto;you?

你对出国工作感兴趣吗？

Thebeautyofthecityappealstomillionsoftouristseveryyear.这个城市的美丽每年都吸引数以百万计的游客。

9.Majorcitiesoffervisitorsamultitudeofurbandelights.（Para.4）

amultitudeof：

（fml）alargenumberof

e.g.

Amultitudeofthoughtsfillhismind.众多的想法充溢他的脑海。

Amultitudeofoptionsareavailablefortheproblem.这个问题有众多选择。

10.ManyAmericanvacationsareasuniqueasthepeoplewhotakethem.（Para.5）

as…as:

usedincomparison用于比较，像…一样

e.g.

Thechildrenareassmartasweimagine.这些孩子和我们想象的一样聪明。

Thecityisasprosperousasitusedtobe.这个城市像以往一样繁荣。

11.Historyenthusiastsseekfamoushistoricalsitesandmuseums.（Para.5）

seek（vt.）:

tomakeasearchof寻找

seektodo:

tryone’sbesttodo努力做...

e.g.

Hesoughtouthisfriendinthecrowd.他在人群中寻找他的朋友。

Theysoughttopunishhimforhiscrimebutheescaped.他们试图治他的罪，但是他逃脱了。

12.Thesetripsallowthemtoobserveplantsandanimalsup-closewithoutdisturbingthesensitivebalanceofnature.（Para.5）

allow（vt.）:

letsb.dosth.允许

allowsb.todosth.:

begiventhepermissiontodo允许...做...

e.g.

Thefactallowsnootherexplanation.这个事实不容做其它解释。

Myparentsdon’tallowmetosmoke.我的父母不允许我吸烟。

13.Thesetripsallowthemtoobserveplantsandanimalsup-closewithoutdisturbingthesensitivebalanceofnature.（Para.5）

sensitive（adj.）:

quicktoshoworfeeltheeffectofsomething敏感的

besensitivetosth/doing对...敏感

e.g.

Sheisfamousasasensitiveactress.她以表演细腻著称。

Heissensitivetoanycriticismfromothers.他对任何批评意见都很敏感。

PassageB

CampingforFun

BackgroundKnowledge

Camping：

Inrecentyears,campinghasbeenincreasinglypopularwithpeopleofallages

withitsuniquefeatures.Itprovidesanopportunitytogetclosetonaturefarawayfromthecrowdeddowntownandnoiseorpollutionincities.Anotherattractionofcampingisthatyoucanalmostdoeverythingbyyourself,whichkeepspacewiththetrendofDIYintheseyears.Theseyears,campingevenbecomesanindustrywithhugeprofit.

DetailedDiscussionoftheText

1.Beforegoingcampingyouwillneedtopurchasecampingequipment,andoneofthebestplacestogetthegearyouneedisatcampingworld.（Para.1）

equip（vt.）:

tofurnish装备

equipsb.with/for:

armsb.with用...武装,装备...

e.g.

Theycan’taffordtoequiptheirarmyproperly.他们无力充分装备我们的军队。

Weshouldequipourmindwithknowledge.我们应该用知识武装我们的头脑。

2.Makingacampingtripdoesn’tevencostanarmandaleg,inotherwords,withbasicswhichcanbefoundathome,youcouldgotodaywithoutspecialpreparations,whichis,otherwise,anecessarypartofmostoutdooractivities.（Para.2）

Otherwise（adv.）:

ifnot反而，否则。

e.g.

Doitnow.Otherwise,itwillbetoolate.现在就做，否则就太晚了。

Hurryup,otherwiseyouwillmissthetrain.抓紧时间，否则你就会错过火车。

3.First,sometypeofshelterissurelyrequiredtoprotectyoufromrainandwind.（Para.2）

Protect（vt.）:

tokeepsafe保护

protect…from:

makefreefromharmsfrom保护……免受伤害

e.g.

Measuresshouldbetakentoprotecttheenvironment.应该采取措施保护环境。

Sunglassescanprotecteyesfromstrongsunlight.太阳镜可以保护眼睛不受清官照射。

4.Thisisbecauseifyoudolikethis,anyrainwatermayflowinonthegrou