国外学生应急管理体系研究外文文献.docx

国外学生应急管理体系研究外文文献.docx

《国外学生应急管理体系研究外文文献.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《国外学生应急管理体系研究外文文献.docx（4页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

AResearchonForeignStudentsEmergency

ManagementSysteminChina

JingLiu

CollegeofInternationalEducation

NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics

Nanjing,China

nancylj@

Abstract—Withtherapidgrowthofforeignstudentsscale,thesuddeneventshappeningalsoshowsascendingtrendeveryyear.Althoughsomelocalgovernmentagenciesandcollegeshaveestablishedtherelevantstudentsemergencyplan,theforeignstudentsemergencystillexists,soitisparticularlyurgenttoestablishandperfecttheemergencymanagementsystemfortheforeignstudents.Bytheclassificationofforeignstudentsemergencythecurrentsituationanddeficiencyofforeignstudentsemergencymanagementwereanalyzed.Andaseriesofprinciplesandmethodswereputforwardfbrtheconstructionofforeignstudentsemergencymanagementsystem.

Keywords—foreignstudents,suddenevents,emergencymanagementsystem,principlesandmethods

I.Introduction

Astheforeignstudentseducationcausedevelopsfast,thescaleofforeignstudentsgrowsrapidly,andforeignstudentssuddeneventsalsoshowascendingtrendeveryyear.University,asanimportantorganizationandcollegeeducationplaceinmodemsociety,hasitsowncharacteristics.Thehappeningofcollegeforeignstudentssuddeneventsnotonlyaffectthestabilityandharmonyoftheschool,butalsooftenaffectthesociety.Becauseofthespecialidentityofforeignstudents,thesuddeneventalsohastheparticularity,sensibilityandhighharmfulness.Therefore,toestablishandperfectthecollegeforeignstudentsemergencymanagementsystem,andimprovetheabilityofemergencymanagement,soastoeffectivelypreventandproperevacuationemergencies,tomaintainthesocialstability,havebecomeanurgentandimportanttaskforourcollegeinthenewera.

Atpresent,mostliteratureinemergencymanagementresearchisinclinedtoChinesestudentsfbre.g.YangLi（2010）[l],TaoYingyong（2009）[2],WangFan（2008）[3]andsoon.Theemergencymanagementresearchaboutforeignstudentsisquiterare.CuiYaya（2012）[4]analyzedtheincidenttypeandpreventivemeasures.SunFangjiao（2012）[5]summarizedandinvestigatedthesuddeneventsincollegesathomeandabroad.LiJing（2012）[6]analyzedthecausesofseveralforeignstudentssuddeneventswithactualcase,andputforwardthecorrespondingprecautionarymeasuresandcountermeasures.SunFangjiao（2012）[7]studiedthetypesofforeignstudentssuddenevents.LiYong（2011）[8]usedthebasicprincipleofpsychology,studiedanddiscussedthe

XiangtaoFan

CollegeofInternationalEducation

NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics

Nanjing,China

fanxiangtao@163.com

preventionandtreatmentofforeignstudentssuddeneventscausedbypsychologicalproblems.Itisclearthatexistingliteratureabouttheemergencymanagementofforeignstudentsmainlyfocusesonsimpleexampleslistedandsummarizedandlackssystematicresearch.Therefore,furtheranalyzingforeignstudentsemergencymanagementcontentandbuildingafeasiblecollegeforeignstudentsemergencymanagementsystemhavevitalandrealisticmeaningtoimprovethelevelofsafetymanagementincolleges.

ILBACKGROUNDOFCOLLEGEEMERGENCYMANAGEMENT

A.Tnc.re.asp.ofInternationalStudent

TheworkofinternationalstudentsisanimportantpartofChina'seducationandtheinternationaleducationcooperationandexchange,andanindispensablepartofChina'shighereducationgoesintotheworldtoparticipateininternationalcompetition.Studyingabroadiscloselyrelatedwithourinternationalpolitics,diplomacy,education,economy,culture,militaryandotherwork.Atthesametime,ithaspromotedtherapiddevelopmentofinternationaleducationservicesandmadegreatcontributionstothenationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment.Therefore,greatsignificancehasbeenattachedtotheinternationalstudentsworkbythecentralleadership,theMinistryofEducation,localgovernments,universitiesandforeigngovernment.Inrecentyears,thescaleofforeignstudentsinChinaexpandsrapidly,andthegrowthrateofinternationalstudentsinChinaisashighas20%averageannual.By2011,thetotalnumberofforeignstudentsstudyinginChinais290000forthefirsttime.Duetotheeffectivemanagementandpropereducationofrelevantunits,emergencydidnotincreasesignificantlywiththeexpansionofforeignstudentsstudyinginChina,butinsuchabiginternationalstudentgroup,someeventssuchastrafficaccidents,suddendiseases,injuriesanddeathsoccasionallyhappened,whichnotonlybroughtaboutlossoftheinternationalstudentlifeandproperty,butalsointerferedwiththenormalteachingandmanagementorder.Ifprocessingisundeserved,itwillbringadverseeffecttothecollegeandsocialstabilityaswellasChina*sinternationalreputation.

B.TheRapidDevelopmentofPublicEmergencyManagement

Practice

Theemergencypracticeledbythegovernmenthasreceivedfruitfulresults,andthemostrepresentativeisthepropositionandpromotionof"acaseofthreesystems'*,thatistheemergencyplan,includingemergencysystem,emergencymechanismandtheemergencylegalsystem.Atpresent,emergencymanagementofficeshavebeensetupatalllevelsfromtheStateCouncilofficetolocalgovernments,andthenationalemergencysystemhasbeenpreliminarilyformed.Theexistingemergencymechanismbasicallyincludes:

preventionmechanism,earlywarningmechanism,informationreportmechanism,informationreleasemechanism,rehabilitationmechanism,surveyandevaluationmechanism,emergencysafeguardmechanism,etc.Intheemergencylegalsystemfield,inadditionto"emergencyresponselawofthepeople'sRepublicofChina"andaseriesoflegalmeasures,someprovincesandcitieshavepromulgatedanumberofnormativeregulationsaimingatdifferenttypesofemergency;anumerousandcomplexhandlingemergencytightnetworkhasbeenformed,whichprovidesauniformparadigmforthewholenation,eachregionanddepartment.Collegesanduniversitieshaveaccumulatedrichexperienceinpractice,emergencyconsciousnesshasreallyformedandemergencymanagementhavelaidagoodbasis.

C.EnhancementoftheCollegeStudentsSubjective

Awareness

Collegestudentssubjectiveconsciousnesshasbeenenhanced,showingthebehaviorstandardofequalitypursuit,contractfreedom,mutualwin-winandresponsibility.Intheirbehavioraremanifestedindividualityandequality,withnosignofweaknessandintolerance.Thereasonabledemandsareachallengetouniversitymanagers.Ifthemanagersdonotunderstandthestudentsthinkingandbehaviorcharacteristics,theycannotadapttothenewdevelopmentofstudents,whichisboundtotriggerstudents*dissatisfactionandproducehiddentrouble.Theconceptofhigherschooleducationandmanagementispeople-orientedanditsmostessentialperformanceistheguaranteeofstudents“personal”safety.Fromalegalperspective,duringtheperiodinschool,althoughthelawdoesnotclearlydefineguardianshipbetweenstudentsandcolleges,theremustexistacontractualrelationshipbetweenstudentsanduniversities.Studentsecurityhasbecomeainescapableresponsibilityandobligationofcolleges.Withtheestablishmentoftheaccountabilitysystem,iftherelevantpersonneldidnotfulfillitsduty,theywillbepunished.Withthemanagers,especiallyseniorleadershipcontingencyawarenessandresponsibilitysensehavegraduallydeepened,andstrengtheningemergencymanagementwillbecometheirspontaneouspathselection.

HI.Classificationoftheforeignstudents

EMERGENCIES

Theemergenciesherearetheincidents,whichhappentotheforeignstudentsandsuddenlyhappeninacertainarea,andwhichmayposeathreattolifeandpropertyorwillaffectsocialstabilityanddiplomaticproblem.Collegeforeignstudentemergencyvarietiescanbesummarizedinthefollowing.

A.NaturalDisaster

Naturaldisastersincludetheforeignstudentspersonalinjuryortheirlifeinfluencecausedbymeteorological,oceanic,earthquake,flood,drought,andgeologicaldisasters.

B.PublicSecurity

Publicsecurityemergenciesmainlyrefertoemergenciesthatinfluencesocialorcampusstabilityandsafetyabouttheforeignstudents,suchasallkindsofillegalgathering,demonstration,fightaffray,illegalmissionaryactivity,riot,collectivestrike,etc.

C.TheCriminalSection

Thecriminalsectionincludesviolentcrimes,largeamountoftheftcases,poisoningcasesanddrugaddictcases,bombings,involvinghighlytoxicdrugs,radioactivesubstancescase,arsoncase,etc.

D.AccidentCasualties

Thisiscausedbyallkindsofaccidentsandincidents,suchasfire,trafficaccident,thecollapseofbuildings,collectivestampingetc.

E.PsychiatricEmergency

Thisincludesdepression,mania,runningaway,missing,andabnormaldeathincidentscausedbymentalproblemsoranonymity.

F.HealthEmergency

Thisreferstotheemergenciescausinginternationalstudentlifeandhealthdamage,suchasfoodpoisoning,infectiousdisease,groupunknowndisease,etc.

G.GreatInternationalEmergency

ThisreferstothebilateralormultilateralconflictsbetweendifferentcountriesforeignstudentsorbetweenforeignstudentsandChinesecitizens.

IV.Currentsituationofforeignstudents

EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT

Facingthemoreandmoreincidentsinvolvedinforeignstudents,manyregionsanduniversitieshaveestablishedcorrespondingemergencyplan,fore.g."thespecificationofdealingwithforeignstudentsemergencyinChina"（TheMinistryofEducation,discussionpaper）,"AccidentpreventionandemergencyevacuationplanofBeijingcollegeforeignstudents”（BeijingEducationalCommittee）,“Emergencyplanondealingwithsuddeneventsabout