词汇学试题及答案.docx

词汇学试题及答案.docx

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词汇学试题及答案

词汇学试题及答案

【篇一：

词汇学试题】

ss=txt>ichoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices.（30’）

1.the“s‖in―drums‖is____.

a.afreemorphemeb.astemc.arootd.aninflectionalaffix

2.awordisthecombinationofformand________.

a.spellingb.writingc.meaningd.denoting

3.trumpetisa（n）_______motivatedword.

a.morphologicallyb.semantically

c.phoneticallyd.etymologicall

4._____isapairofemotivesynonyms.

a.―dad‖and―father‖b.―flat‖and―apartment‖

b.c.―mean‖and―frugal‖d.―charge‖and―accuse‖

5.theword―language‖issometimesusedtorefertothewholeofaperson’slanguage.thisiscalled_______.

a.scientificlanguageb.idiolect

b.c.colloquiallanguaged.formallanguage

6.themeaningofthewordfondchangedfromfoolishtoaffectionatebymodeof_______.

a.extensionb.narrowingc.elevationd.degradation

7.degradationcanbeillustratedbythefollowingexample______.

b.a.lewd→ignorantb.silly→foolish

c.c.last→pleasured.knave→boy

8.englishlexicologyembracesmorphology,semantics,etymology,stylisticsand_____.

a.linguisticsb.pragmaticsc.lexicographyd.phonology9.whichofthefollowingisincorrect?

a.―airmail‖means―mailbyair‖

b.―reading-lamp‖means―lampforreading‖

c.―greenhorn‖isthehorngreenincolor

d.―hopeless‖is―withouthope‖

10.whichgroupofthefollowingareperfecthomonyms?

a.dear（alovedperson）—deer（akindofanimal）

b.bow（bendingtheheadasagreeting）—bow（thedeviceusedforshooting）

c.bank（theedgeoftheriver）—bank（anestablishmentformoneybusiness）

d.right（correct）—write（putdownonpaperwithapen）

11.thefollowingarethemainsourcesofhomonymsexcept____.

a.changeinmeaningb.changeinsound

c.changeinspellingd.borrowing

12.antonymscanbeclassifiedintothreemajorgroupsexcept______.

a.evaluativetermsb.contraryterms

c.complementarytermsd.conversiveterms

13.―parent/child,husband/wife,predecessor/successor‖are______.

a.contrarytermsb.contradictoryterms

c.conversivetermsd.complementaryterms

14.thereare2mainprocessofsense–shiftexcept____.

a.radiationb.concatenationc.borrowing

15.accordingtomorphology,thereare2typesofclassificationsexcept_____.

a.rootantonymsb.derivativeantonymsc.contraries

16．therearederivativeantonymsexcept____.

a.pleasant----unpleasantb.polite---impolite

c.war---antiward.large----small

17.therearecomplementaryantonymsexcept____.

a.child----girlb.single—married

c.dead----alived.brother---sister

18.thereare3classificationsofhomonymsexcept_____.

a.perfecthomonymsb.homographs

c.homophonesd.contraryhomonyms.

19.modernenglishisderivedfromthelanguageofearly______tribes.

a.greekb.romanc.italiand.germanic

20.theprehistoricindo-europeanparentlanguageisthoughttobeahighly______language.

a.inflectedb.derivedc.developedd.analyzed

1.inmodernenglishonemayfindsomewordswhosesoundssuggesttheir____.

2.lexicalmeaningitselfhastwocomponents:

conceptualmeaningand_________.

3.themeaningsofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheir______.inthewordsthehistoryofthewordexplainsthemeaningoftheword.

4.partofspeechofwords,singularandpluralmeaningofnouns,tensemeaningofverbsallbelongto________meaning.

5.lexicologyisabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheoriginsand_______ofwords.

6.generallyspeaking,linguisticsisthe______studyoflanguage.

7.therearetwomainapproachestostudyofenglishlexicology,thatis____and_____.

8.“tulip”and“rose”,are______of“flower”.“flower”isthesuperordinatetermand“tulip”,“rose”arethe______term.

8.atthebeginningofthefifthcenturybritainwasinvadedbythreetribesfromthenortherneurope:

angles,_____and______.

9.fourgroupofloanwords________,________,_______and_________.

iii.putthefollowingwordsintotheappropriateblanks.（10’）flockherdschooltrooppride

1.a____ofcattle2.a____ofmonkeys

3.a____oflions4.a____ofsheep

5.a____offish

iv.judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.（10’

1.relationsbetweenmeaningsofwordscanbesynonymy,antonymyorhyponymy.

2.insemantics,meaningoflanguageisconsideredastheintrinsicandinherentrelationtothephysicalworldofexperience.

3.grammaticalmeaningreferstothepartoftheword-meaningwhichindicatesgrammaticalconcepts.

4．theconnotativemeaningisalsoknownasconnotations,whicharegenerallyfoundinthedictionary.

5.―male/female,present/absent‖arecontraryterms.

v.definethefollowingterms.（2’+4’=6’）

1.word

2.motivation

vi.answerthefollowingquestions.（6’+6’+8’=20’）1.whatisthedifferencebetweenhomonymsandpolysemy?

howtodifferentiatethem?

2.howdolinguistsdividethehistoryoftheenglishlanguageforanalysis?

3.discusssomeofthecharacteristicsofantonyms.

答案

i.

1.d.2.c3.c4.c5.b6.c7b8.c9.c10c11.a

12.a13.c14.c15.c16.d17.a18.d19.d20.a

ii.

1.meaning2.associatedmeaning3.origins4.grammatical5.meanings

6.scientific7.synchronic,diachronic8.hyponymys,superordinate

8.saxons,jutes

9.aliens,denizens,translation-loans,semanticborrowings

iii

herdtroopprideflockschool

iv

1.t2.f3.t4.f5.t

v.

1.awordisaminimumfreeform,thatistosay,thesmallestformthatmayappearinisolation.

2.motivationaccountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbolanditsmeaning.mostwordscansaidtobenon-motivated.thatis,theconnectionofthesignandmeaningdoesnothavelogicalconnectionexplanation.neverthelss,englishdoeshavewordswhosemeaningscanbeexplainedtoacertainextent.

vi.1.homonymsrefertodifferentwordswhichhappentosharethesameformandpolysemyrefertothefactthatthesamewordhasseveraldistinguishablemeanings.byseeingtheiretymology,wecandistinguishthem,i.e.homonymsarefromdifferentsourceswhileapolysemyisfromthesamesourcewhichhasacquired

differentmeaningsinthecourseofdevelopment.thesecondprincipalconsiderationissemanticrelatedness.thevariousmeaningofapolysemyarecorrelatedandconnectedtodowithoneanother.additionally,indictionary,apolysemyhasitsmeaningsalllistedunderoneheadwordwhereashomonymsarelistedasseparateentries.

2.threeperiodsinthedevelopmentofenglishlanguage（vocabulary）

1）oldenglishoranglo-saxonperiod（449-1100）

1muchoftheoldenglishvocabularywasborrowedfromlatin如bargain,cheap,inch,pound;cup,dish,wall,wine,etc

2oldenglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.ithasacompletesystemofdeclensionsofwords

2）middleenglishperiod（1100-1500）

1frenchinfluenceandnormanconquestin1066

lawandgovernmentadministration:

militaryaffairs、religion、art

2middleenglishisbecomingfromhighlyinflectedlanguagetoanalyticlanguage

3）modernenglishperiod（1500-）

【篇二：

词汇学考试题目】

1.inoldenglishtherewas_______agreementbetweensoundform.（）

a.more

b.little

c.less

d.gradual

2.bothldceandcceldare_______.（）

a.generaldictionaries

b.monolingualdictionaries

c.bothaandb

d.neitheraandb

3.thewordminiskirtis_______.（）

a.morphologicallymotivated

b.etymologicallymotivated

c.semanticallymotivated

d.noneoftheabove

4.themostimportantwayofvocabularydevelopmentinpresent-dayenglishis_______.（）

a.borrowing

b.semanticchange

c.creationofnewwords

d.alltheabove

5.beneralizationisaprocessbywhichawordthatoriginallyhadaspecializedmeaninghasnowbecome________.（）

a.generalized

b.expanded

c.elevated

d.degraded

6.somemorphemeshave_______astheyarerealizedbymorethanonemorphaccordingtotheirpositioninword.（）

a.alternativemorphs

b.singlemorphs

c.abstractunits

d.discreteunits

7.oldenglishvocabularywasessentially_______withanumberofborrowingsfromlatinandscandinavian.（）

a.italic

b.germanic

c.celtic

d.hellenic

a.semantics

b.grammar

c.phonetics

d.lexicology

9.iftwomainconstituentsofanidiomsharethesameinitialsound,itiscalled_______.（）

a.repetition

b.alliteration

c.rhyme

d.noneoftheabove

10.whichofthefollowingwordsisafunctionalword?

（）

a.often

b.never

c.although

d.desk

11.rhetoricalfeaturesareshowninsuchrespectsofphoneticandlexicalmanipulationaswellas_______.（）

a.semanticunity

b.structuralstability

c.idiomaticvariation

d.figureofspeech

12.theadvantageofclassifyingidiomsaccordingtogrammaticalfunctionsisto_______.（）

a.useidiomscorrectlyandappropriately

b.understandidiomscorrectly

c.rememberidiomsquickly

d.tryanewmethodofclassification

13.borrowingasasourceofhomonymyinenglishcanbeillustratedby_______.（）

a.long（notshort）

b.ball（adancingparty）

c.rock（rocknroll）

d.ad（advertisement）

14.thechangeofwordmeaningisbroughtaboutbythefollowinginternalfactorsexcept_______.（）

a.theinfluxofborrowing

b.repetition

c.analogy

d.shortening

15.whichofthefollowingisnotacomponentoflinguisticcontext?

（）

a.wordsandphrases.

b.sentences

c.textorpassage

d.timeandplace

ii.matchthewordsorexpressionsincolumnawiththoseincolumnbaccordingto1）typesofmeaningchanges;2）typesofmeaning;3）languagebranchesand4）meaningandcontext.（10%）

16.scandinavian（）a.mill（placewherethingsaremade）

17.germanic（）b.grammatical

18.extension（）c.doublemeaning

19.narrowing（）d.swedish

21.ambiguity（）f.dutch

22.participants（）g.determined

23.differenceindenotation（）h.pigheaded

24.appreciative（）i.non-lingui