《英语词汇学》练习测试题集及答案.docx

《英语词汇学》练习测试题集及答案.docx

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华中师范大学网络教育学院

《词汇学》练习测试题及答案 本科

I.DecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseandwriteT（true）orF（false）inthecorrespondingbrackets.（每题一分）

（ ）1.“Allnationalcharacter”isthemostimportantofallthefivecharacteristicsofthebasicwordstock.

（ ）2.Byorigin,Englishwordscanbeclassifiedas“nativewords”and“loanwords”.（ ）3.Thelanguages（Norwegian,German,Dutch,Danish,Swedish）allbelongto

GermanicFamilyexceptNorwegian.

（ ）4.OldEnglishvocabularyisfullofendings.

（ ）5.Allomorphsarephonologicalvariantswhichrealizemorphemes.

（ ）6.Inflectionalmorphemesareaddedtotheendofwordstoshowgrammaticalconcepts.（ ）7.Themostproductivemeansofword-formationisaffixation.

（ ）8.Acronymsarewordsofinitialletters,whicharepronouncedletterbyletter.（ ）9.Referencereferstotherelationshipbetweendifferentlanguages.

（ ）10.Grammaticalmeaningreferstothepartoftheword-meaningwhichindicatesgrammaticalconcepts.

（ ）11.Intheprocessof“Radiation”thederivedmeaningsofwordsarenotdirectlyrelatedtotheprimarymeaning.

（ ）12.Thediachronicapproachtopolysemyistofindhowawordgraduallyacquiresitsmeaningsintheprocessofdevelopment.

（ ）13.Whenawordchangesfromaspecifictoageneralmeaning,itgoesthroughextensionofmeaning.

（ ）14.“meat”isanexampleofnarrowingofmeaning.（ ）15.“teacher”and“student”areconverses.

（ ）16.Awordwhichhasasynonymnaturallyhasanantonym.

（ ）17.Meaningisarelativelystableelementinalanguagecomparedwithspelling.

（ ）18.Thechangesofmeaningarecausedbybothlinguisticandextra-linguisticfactors.

（ ）19.Extra-linguisticcontextreferstofactorsbeyondlanguage.

（ ）20.Linguisticcontextprovidescluesforguessingmeaningsofnewwords.

（ ）21.Idiomsarephrasesandshortsentencesthemeaningsofwhicharenoteasytoinferfromtheconstituentsinmostcases.

（ ）22.Idiomscanbeclassifiedindifferentwaysbuttheclassificationaccordingtogrammaticalfunctionisthemosthelpfulway.

（ ）23.Commonizationinvolvespropernounsusedascommonwords.

（ ）24.Insomepairsofantonyms,themarkedtermscoverthemeaningoftheunmarked.（ ）25.Variationsofidiomsaretheidiomswhoseformsaremodified.

（ ）26.Non-basicvocabularyincludesterminology,Anglo-Saxonwords,argotandneologisms.（ ）27.Aliens,semanticloans,translation-loansanddenizensareallborrowings.

（ ）28.Thethreesourcesofnewwordsarecreation,semanticchangeandborrowing.（ ）29.ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.

（ ）30.Theminimalfreeformofalanguageisamorpheme.（ ）31.Derivationalmorphemesareusedtoformnewwords.

（ ）32.Compoundinginvolvesthecombinationofaffixesandbases.

（ ）33.Partialconversionisaprocessofusingadjectivesasordinarynouns.

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（ ）34.Motivationaccountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguisticsymbolanditsmeaning.（ ）35.Associativemeaningconsistsofconnotativemeaning,stylisticmeaning,

affectivemeaningandemotivemeaning.

（ ）36.Polysemyisconcernedwithwordsofmorethanonemeaning.（ ）37.ThemostimportantsourceofEnglishsynonymsisshortening.

（ ）38.Associatedtransferinvolveswordsusedintheirfigurativesense.

（ ）39.Objectivemeaningshowsthatthesubject（oragent）istheonetobeaffectedbytheactionoftheverb.

（ ）40.Complementariesareantonymscharacterizedby“mutualexclusion”and“gradability”.（ ）41.Thesuperordinatetermcoverstheconceptofthesubordinate.

（ ）42.Elevationisalsoknownasamelioration.（ ）43.“villain”isanexampleofdegradation.

（ ）44.Linguisticcontextreferstothewords,clauses,sentences,paragraphsandevenculturalbackground.

（ ）45.Ambiguityisoftencausedbyinadequatecontext.（ ）46.Idiomsaregenerallyinformalinnature.

（ ）47.Structurally,idiomscanneverbechanged.

（ ）48.ThefourmajorforeigncontributorstothedevelopmentofEnglishvocabularyareLatin,Greek,FrenchandScandinavian.

（ ）49.Relativesynonymsmaydifferindenotation,connotationandapplication.

（ ）50.ThecontemporaryvocabularyexpansionofEnglishismainlyby borrowingandaffixation.（ ）51.OldEnglishreferstothelanguageusedbetween100and450.

（ ）52.“Radiation”showsthatthederivedmeaningsofapolysemantarenotdirectlyrelatedtotheprimarymeaning.

（ ）53.Theconnectionbetweensoundandmeaningisconventionalandarbitrary.（ ）54.Awordwhichhasasynonymnaturallyhasanantonym.

（ ）55.Contentwordsarenumerousandmorefrequentlyusedthanfunctionalwordsonaverage.（ ）56.Extra-linguisticcontextreferstothephysicalsituationorcultural

background.

（ ）57.DuringtheMiddleEnglishperiod,Celtic,LatinandEnglishexistedsidebyside.

（ ）58.Inadequatecontextisoftenthecauseofambiguity.

（ ）59.Compoundingistheprocessofcreatingnewwordsbycombiningaffixesandbases.（ ）60.Insomepairsofantonyms,onetermmaycoverthemeaningoftheotherword.

（ ）61.Inanaturallanguage,mostwordsarenon-motivated.（ ）62.Inflectionalaffixesaregrammaticalmarkers.

（ ）63.Conceptandsensemeanthesameandthusareinterchangeable.

（ ）64.Aformtowhichanaffixofanykindcanbeaddediscalledastem.（ ）65.Contradictorytermsarenon-gradable.

（ ）66.Acronymsarewordsofinitialletterswhicharepronouncedascommonwords.

（ ）67.Grammaticalmeaningreferstopartofspeech,tensesofverbs,stylisticfeaturesofwordsandsoon.

（ ）68.Whatremainsofawordaftertheremovalofallaffixesisastem.

（ ）69.Affectivemeaningindicatestheattitudeoftheuser,whetherpositiveornegative.

（ ）70.Theconnotativemeaningisalsoknownasconnotations,whicharegenerallyfoundinthedictionary.

（ ）71.Idiomsaresetphraseswhosemeaningisoftendifficultorimpossibletoinferfromtheconstituentwords.

（ ）72.Inmoderntimes,vocabularydevelopsmainlybymeansofchangingmeaningsofoldwords.

（ ）73.Mostofthenewlycreatedwordsareassociatedwiththechangeoflifestyleandsociety.（ ）74.Homographsarewordsidenticalinformbutdifferentinpronunciation.

（ ）75.Homonymscomemainlyfromborrowing—themostimportantsource.（ ）76.MiddleEnglishlastedformorethanfourhundredyears.

（ ）77.BorrowinghasbroughtmostsynonymstotheEnglishlanguage.

（ ）78.Thecharacteristicsofthebasicwordstockincludeallnationalcharacter,denizensandproductivity.

（ ）79.Thesuperordinatediffersfromthesubordinateinthattheformercoverstheconceptofthelatter.

（ ）80.WordsofoldEnglishwerefullofendings.

（ ）81.Thewaytodifferentiatehomonymsfrompolysemantsismainlytoseetheiroriginsaswellassenserelatedness.

（ ）82.ModernEnglishisananalyticlanguage.

（ ）83.Hyponymydealswiththerelationshipofsemanticinclusion.

（ ）84.DenizensarewordswhichwereborrowedfromotherlanguagesbutlaterbecameassimilatedintotheEnglishlanguage.

（ ）85.Lexicalcontextreferstothewordsthatappearonlybeforethelexicaliteminquestion.

（ ）86.Generallyspeaking,nativewordshaveahigherfrequencyofusethanloanwords.

（ ）87.Referencereferstotherelationshipbetweenthelinguisticsymbolsandtheobjectiveworld.

（ ）88.Freemorphemesaremorphemeswhichalonecanbeusedaswords.（ ）89.Contextgivesapolysemicwordadefinitemeaning.

（ ）90.Half-convertedadjectivesareusedascommonnounswhilefull-convertedonesstillretainadjectivefeatures.

（ ）91.Motivationexplainswhyaparticularwordofalanguagehasaparticularmeaning.

（ ）92.ByoriginEnglishismorecloselyrelatedtoGermanthantoFrench.

（ ）93.Unlikeconceptualmeaning,associativemeaningisunstableandindeterminate.（ ）94.Prefixesdonotgenerallychangepartofspeechwhereassuffixesdo.

（ ）95.Inthephrase“thetonguesoffire”,thewordfireissemanticallymotivated.

（ ）96.Theoriginsofwordsareakeyfactorthatdistinguisheshomonymsfrompolysemants.

（ ）97.Theobjectivemeaningimpliesthatthesubjectofthesentenceistheoneaffectedbytheaction.（ ）98.Themeaningofawordwhichisetymologicallymotivatediscloselyrelatedtoitsorigin.

（ ）99.Theresultofthehumancognitionoftheobjectiveworldiscalledconcept.

（ ）100.BorrowinghasbroughtmostsynonymstotheEnglishlanguage.

（ ）101.“Radiation”showsthatthederivedmeaningsofapolysemantarenotdirectlyrelatedtotheprimarymeaning.

（ ）102.Theconnectionbetweensoundandmeaningisconventionalandarbitrary.（ ）103.Awordwhichhasasynonymnaturallyhasanantonym.

（ ）104.Contentwordsarenumerousandmorefrequentlyusedthanfunctionalwordsonaverage.（ ）105.Thecharacteristicsofthebasicwordstockincludeallnationalcharacter,

denizensandproductivity.

（ ）106.DuringtheMiddleEnglishperiod,Celtic,LatinandEnglishexistedsidebyside.（ ）107.Inadequatecontextisoftenthecauseofambiguity.

（ ）108.Thewaytodifferentiatehomonymsfrompolysemantsismainlytoseetheiroriginsaswellassenserelatedness.

（ ）109.Insomepairsofantonyms,onetermmaycoverthemeaningoftheotherword.（ ）110.Aliensarewordsofthenativeelement.

（ ）111.DenizensarewordswhichwereborrowedfromotherlanguagesbutlaterbecameassimilatedintotheEnglishlanguage.

（ ）112.Inflectionalaffixesaregrammaticalmarkers.

（ ）113.Conceptandsensemeanthesameandthusareinterchangeable.

（ ）114.Referencereferstotherelationshipbetweenthelinguisticsymbolsandtheobjectiveworld.

（ ）115.Contradictorytermsarenon-gradable.

（ ）116.Acronymsarewordsofinitialletterswhicharepronouncedascommonwords.

（ ）117.Grammaticalmeaningreferstopartofspeech