考博冲刺指导原则2.docx
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考博冲刺指导原则2
语法结构与词汇
1．语法部分对每个基本的语法现象要分类理解掌握，脑海中储存着一些典型的语法结构，比如条件句、比较级、虚拟式、强调句、连接词、各种时态、特殊句式、独立主格、非谓语动词、情态动词、以及各类词性等等。
2．逐步形成分析句子的结构的能力，并根据语言的时态、语态、文体，理解语义、感受语气、了解语言风格。
3．对各个时态有清楚的整体认识：
在手头放着各个时态的典型结构时时参考；
4．对不同的语态有清楚的理解；对解题中语态时态变化能敏锐的觉察，收集不同时态的理解段落，比较信息差异，理解的时候有所区别。
5．词汇部分首先对每个词的词性要有足够的敏感，记忆的时候有意识地分类整理。
大词和小词要分别对待，3000词以内的要看到词的同时想到它们在各种词性和搭配时候的样子；4000-6000内的单词，每个词除了认读以外，还要知道词性和词语出现的大致环境。
6．做题的时候，在没有明确每个句子或分句的主谓语关系之前不能做题。
要能够通过句子中的名词、动词、形容词、副词的语义倾向，预判答案的词性、语气、时态、和使用环境。
7．在满足头脑中想象的意义的同时必须符合英文的基本语法。
8．不可执着于头脑中想象的完美答案，要根据上下文找到可以替代想象的词语。
所以重要的是在特定的语境下确定词汇意义的能力。
9．要收集整理各种文体常见的词汇，更要注意这些固定成语的意义更多是上下文形成的.
PartTwo:
StructureandWrittenExpression（20%）
Directions:
Foreachquestiondecidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.MarkyourchoicesontheANSWERSHEET.
11.Whethertheextensionofconsciousnessisa“goodthing”forhumanbeingsisaquestionthat__________awidesolution.
[A]admitsof[B]requiresof[C]needsof[D]seeksof
12.Inaculturelikeours,long__________allthingsasameansofcontrol,itissometimesabitofashocktoberemindedthatthemediumisthemessage.
[A]accustomedtosplitanddivided
[B]accustomedtosplittinganddividing
[C]accustomingtosplitanddivided
[D]accustomingtosplittinganddividing
13.Applepieis_________neithergoodnorbad;itisthewayitisusedthatdeterminesitsvalue.
[A]atitself[B]asitself[C]onitself[D]initself
14.__________usearlier,___________yourrequesttothefull.
[A]Youhavecontacted…wecouldcomplywith
[B]Hadyoucontacted…wecouldhavecompliedwith
[C]Youhadcontacted…couldwehavecompliedwith
[D]Haveyoucontacted…wecouldcomplywith
15.TheAmericanRevolutionhadnomedievallegalinstitutionsto_________ortorootout,apartfrommonarchy.
[A]discard[B]discreet[C]discord[D]disgorge
16.Livingconstantlyintheatmosphereofslaves,hebecameinfected_________theunconscious__________theirpsychology.Noonecanshieldhimself__________suchaninfluence.
[A]on…by…at[B]by…for…in
[C]from…in…on[D]through…with…from
17.Theeffectofelectrictechnologyhadatfirstbeenanxiety.Nowitappearstocreate________.
[A]bore[B]bored[C]boredom[D]bordom
18.Jazztendstobeacasualdialogueformofdancequite_________intherepetitiveandmechanicalformsofthewaltz.
[A]lacked[B]lacking[C]forlackof[D]lackof
19.Therearetoomanycomplaintsaboutsociety__________movetoofasttokeepupwiththemachine.
[A]thathaveto[B]haveto[C]havingto[D]hasto
20.Thepoorgirlspentoverhalfayearinthehospitalbutsheisnow___________forit.
[A]nonetheworse[B]nonethebetter[C]neverworse[D]neverbetter
21.Asthesilentfilm__________sound,sodidthesoundfilm__________color.
[A]criedoutfor…criedoutfor
[B]cryoutfor…cryoutfor
[C]hadcriedoutfor…criedoutfor
[D]hadcriedoutfor…cryoutfor
22.Whilehiseffortsweretremendoustheresultsappearedtobevery___________.
[A]trigger[B]meager[C]vigor[D]linger
23.Westernmanishimselfbeingde-Westernizedbyhisownspeed-up,_________byindustrialtechnology.
[A]asmuchtheAfricansaredetribalized
[B]theAfricansaremuchbeingdetribalized
[C]asmuchastheAfricansarebeingdetribalized
[D]asmuchtheAfricansareasdetribalized
24.We_________admirehiscourageandself-confidence.
[A]canbut[B]cannotonly[C]cannotbut[D]canonlybut
25.Inthe1930’s,whenmillionsofcomicbookswere_________theyoungwithfightingandkilling,nobodyseemedtonoticethattheviolenceofcarsinthestreetswasmorehysterical.
[A]inundating[B]imitating[C]immolating[D]insulating
26.__________youpromiseyouwillworkhard,__________supportyoutocollege.
[A]Ifonly…willI[B]Only…Iwill
[C]Onlyif…I[D]Onlyif…Iwill
27.ItisoneoftheironiesofWesternmanthathehasneverfelt_________inventionasathreattohiswayoflife.
[A]anyconcernwith[B]anyconcernabout
[C]anyconcernin[D]anyconcernat
28.One-roomschools,withallsubjectsbeingtaughttoallgradesatthesametime,simply________whenbettertransportationpermitsspecializedspacesandspecializedteaching.
[A]resolved[B]absolved[C]dissolved[D]assolved
29.Peoplearelivinglongerandnotsavingenough,whichmeanstheywilleitherhavetowork________longer,live________lessinretirementorbebailed________bythegovernment.
[A]in…for…up[B]for…on…out
[C]by…in…on[D]on…for…out
30.Thecountry’sdeficitthatyear__________toarecord169.8billiondollars.
[A]soared[B]soured[C]sored[D]sourced
11-15:
ABDBA16-20:
DCBCB
21-25:
DBCCA26-30:
DBCBA
模拟题练习
GroupOne
1.____isstillacontroversialissue.
Admitof=allowfor
Leaveroomforsth
AIfheistherightpersonforthejobBThatheistherightpersonforthejob
CWhetherheistherightpersonforthejobDHeistherightpersonforthejob
Whenyouarriveisstillnotsure.
Whereisyourhomeisstillinyourmind.
Howyousolvetheproblem
ThatItreatyouamealissettled.
WhetherIcome,
Tosolvetheproblemdependsonsth.
Itisthatsimple.
Ihavemoremoneythanthatofyours.
Itbecomesanissue.
AnEvent
Iranfasttohim.
Iranfasttohim.
Itistelevisedliveontv.
Itfallsshortofmyexpectation.
Shortlysoon
Likelytodoit
Youatemuchtoomuch.
Youarethesinglebest.
Whydidyousinglemeoutforit?
Pickmeup
Hard
HeworkedHard.
Save
Providedthat=onconditionthat
Whether
Yet
Nvad.Adv.
Ican’tdecidewhetheryoucome.
Iamsurethatyouwillcome.
Idoubtwhetheryoucome.
Idon’tdoubtthatyoucome.
Count
Whatcountsisnotyourmoneybutyourtime.
Mattervi.=beofimportance
Counton
As=which
asyouhaveexpected,Iwillhelpyou.
Patientasheis,
Patientlyashewaits,Idon’tlikehim.
As…as
So…as
Notsomuch….As
Icarenotsomuchaboutyourlooksasyourpurse.
Asif/asthoughhewereher.
Asto/asfor=concerning
Intermsof
Cometotermswithlife
Customs
Custom
Itisnotmycustomtodoit
Asforhim,hewastrustworthy.
Astotime/number
Serveas=passfor
Actas
PeopleConcerned=inthemselves=inperson
Byoneself
Mainadj.
Mainly=inthemain
availableaccessible
Tenfoldyourtime
100people
Twodozenpeople
Twodozenpeople
Ihavetwotimes/twiceyourtime.
Twiceasmuch
Twiceasmany
Which/as
Asyouseeit=since
Whichyoucansee.
Whatyoudodependsonme.
Itwilldependonwhichyoudo.
Whichisyourfriendis…
Whichyouchooseis
Theyfinishedthejob,partofwhichinvolvedit.
Ihavefriends,amongwhichIhavethreebestones.
Icame,differentfromwhichyouwentaway.
Thathecomesoutissure.
Itwasintheroom,Iwassure,that….
Itishewho/that
So…that
Sopatientisthedoctorthat…
Soharddidhethinkovertheproblemthat…
Sothathewouldbehere.
Sothathecomeshere.
Iamnotthatthankful.
This=that
Youarethebest/onlythatIhavemet.
YouarefirstthatIhavemet.
Sincehecame,Ihavebeen…
Icame,forIhaverecovered.
Forallthat…
Idon’tlikeyouforallthat.
=inanycase.
Allthat=what
Forfearof/thatheshouldbelate.=justincasethat
Itisaseriousthing–case
Situation
Inthatheishere=forthereasonthat
Todo
Doing
Done
Tobeoffduty,hepretendedill.
Thattobemyexcuse,Imadeupastory.
Finishingthejob,weneedtime.
Jobfinished,wewenthome.
Seenfromthespace,ourmotherearthisblueglobe.
Thatbeingthecase,
Weatherpermitting,wewentout.
Havingfinishedjob,
Jobfinished,
Havingbeenfinished,
Itisgoodtodoit
Itisn.doing
Itisnotfunplayingjokesonme.
Itisworthdoing
Itismuchtrouble/time/effort/evidencedoing
Spendtimedoing
Itisnotathingtodosth
Itisnotathingtodoit.
Itisnotanexperiencetodoit.
Heisnotanoldmantomakefunof.
Wedon’tallowyoutodoit/yousmokinghere.
Excitingitisexciting
ExcitedIamexcited.
Excited,Iwenthome.
Excitedly,Iwenthome
Excitingly
Aninterestingstory.
Iamexcited
Ithink
Youshould
Wemust
Helpmedoit.
Ithelpsmesolvetheproblem.
弃绝+doing
Prohibitcanceldeny
Denymethechance
Ifhecomes,Iwillhelphim.
Aslongas/when/unless/savethat/
Theminute/second/hour/day…
IwillhelpyououttheminuteIcome.
Onconditionthat…,wewilldoit.
Ipreferthatheshouldcome.
Ipreferthathebepunished.
Itisurgentthatitshouldnotbedone.
Itisajd
Sbbe/v/nthat
IfIwereyou,youwouldbesuccessful.
Ifhehadit,hewoulddoit.
WereIyou,youwouldbepresident.
YouwouldbegoodwereIyou.
IfIhaddoneit,youwouldhavedoneit.
IfIwereyou,youwouldhavedoneitwell.
Can/might/must/should/mayhavedoneit
Youlookgood.Youshouldn’thavepretendedill
Youlookbad.Youmusthaveworkedovertime.
Ineedbeokay.
Imightbelate.
Ican’tbelate.
Ican’thavedoneit.
Icandoit.
Youdidit.
Youaretalented.Youshouldn’thavesentmethegift.
Incase
Forcase
Ifheshouldbelate,hewouldbe…
ShouldIbelate,
IwishIwereyou.
IwishIhaddoneit.
IwishedIhaddoneit.
Asthough
Must/can
Youmustbelate.
Ican’tbelate.
Youmustdoit.
No,youneedn’t.
Youcan’tbemorecareful.
Yucan’tbetoocareful.
Allcannotdoit.
Allarenothere.
Allisnotgood.
Yubothcan’tdoit.
Neithercandoit.
Bothcandoit.
Talkyouintoit
Persuade
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