高中英语 高考考前押题 题组提分练 14.docx

高中英语 高考考前押题 题组提分练 14.docx

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高中英语高考考前押题题组提分练14

题组提分练十四　必修3　Unit4

限时35分钟　见学生用书P338

加黑体小题训练推断判断题之写作意图题

阅读理解A　（原创）　体裁：

说明文　话题：

世界与环境　难度：

★★★☆☆

Scientistsrecentlyannouncedthediscoveryofasmall,birdlikedinosaurfromChinawhichhadunusual,colorfulfeathers.ThescientistsnamedthecolorfuldinosaurCaihong,whichlived161millionyearsagoduringtheJurassicPeriodofearth'shistory,theMandarinwordforrainbow.TheydiscoveredthenearlycompleteandalmostentirelyundamagedfossilinHebeiProvince.（第一段中的关键词discovery是答题线索）

（第一句说明羽毛的形状和颜色）Microscopicstructuresinthefossilsuggestthatthecreaturehadwide,shinyfeathers,mostlycoveringthedinosaur'sheadandupperbody,whilemuchofitsbodyhaddarkfeathers.ChadEliasonisanevolutionarybiologistwiththeFieldMuseuminChicago,Illinois.HehelpedwritethestudyannouncingthediscoveryinthescientificpublicationNatureCommunications.EliasontoldtheReutersnewsservicethatthediscovery“suggestsamorecolorfulJurassicWorldthanwepreviouslyimagined.”

Thescientistsusedpowerfulmicroscopestoidentifytheremainsofthecellstructuresresponsiblefortheapparentcolorofthefeathers.Theshapeofthosestructuresappearstohaveinfluencedwhatcolorthefeatherswouldhave.RoundshapedstructuresintheCaihongfossilshowthatithadfeatherssimilartothatofamoderndayhummingbird.

Thedinosaurhadmanybirdlikequalities.Butresearchersdoubtifitcouldactuallyfly.Itsfeatherscouldhaveservedthepurposeofgainingtheattentionofsexualpartnerswhilealsoprovidingprotectionfromheatandcold.Caihongwastwoleggedandhadalong,narrowheadwithsharpteeth.Ithadboneycrestsaboveitseyes,andithuntedothersmalleranimalsforfood.

Scientistssaymanydinosaurshadfeathers.BirdsevolvedfromsmallfeathereddinosaursneartheendoftheJurassicPeriod.Caihonghadtwokindsoffeathers,andwastheearliestknowncreaturewithfeathersthatdidnothavethesameshapeonbothsides.Thisisaphysical

qualitythatmodernbirdshaveandusetodirectthemselveswhileflying.

TheunevenlyshapedfeathersonCaihongwereonitstail.Thissuggeststhattailfeathers,notarmfeathers,werefirstusedtoimprovemovementthroughtheairinflyingdinosaurs,scientistssaid.

【语篇解读】　文章介绍了彩色恐龙“彩虹”化石的发现及科学家们对其羽毛的研究。

1．Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.

A.encouragefurtherresearch

B.introducealatestdiscovery

C.describeauniqueanimal

D.providesomeevidence

答案与解析　B　写作意图题。

文章介绍彩色恐龙“彩虹”化石的发现及科学家们对其羽毛的研究，故文章的目的是介绍一个最新的发现。

2．Thecolorfulfeathersofthedinosaur________.

A.haddifferentshapes

B.helpedithuntanimals

C.couldhelpitflyinthesky

D.coveredmuchofitsbody

答案与解析　A　细节理解题。

根据文章对恐龙“彩虹”羽毛的介绍可知他的彩色羽毛覆盖了头部和上身，而身体大部分是暗色羽毛。

根据倒数第二段中的“didnothavethesameshapeonbothsides”可知，羽毛的形状不同，故A项正确。

3．WhatistheattitudeofChadEliasontothediscovery?

A.Indifferent.B.Doubtful.

C.Cautious.D.Positive.

答案与解析　D　观点态度题。

根据第二段中的“suggestsamorecolorfulJurassicWorldthanwepreviouslyimagined”可知，他对这个发现所持的态度是积极肯定的。

阅读理解B　（原创）　体裁：

说明文　话题：

社会　难度：

★★☆☆☆

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.WinterSolstice（冬至）,the22ndsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonDec.22andendsonJan.5.

OnthefirstdayofWinterSolstice,theNorthernHemisphereexperiencestheshortestdayandthelongestnightintheyear,asthesunshinesdirectlyattheTropicofCapricorn.Fromthenon,thedaysbecomelongerandthenightsbecomeshorter.TheWinterSolsticealsomarksthearrivalofthecoldestseasonintheyear.

TherewasasayingthatwentinancientChina,“TheWinterSolsticeisassignificantastheSpringFestival.”AsearlyastheZhouDynasty（c.11thcentury—256BC）,peoplecelebratedthefirstdayoftheWinterSolstice,whichwasalsothefirstdayofthenewyear.TheWinterSolsticebecameawinterfestivalduringtheHanDynasty（206BC—220AD）.Thecelebratoryactivitieswereofficiallyorganized.Onthisday,bothofficialsandordinarypeoplewouldhavearest.Duringsubsequent（随后的）dynasties,suchastheTang（618-907）,Song（960-1279）andQingdynasties（1644-1911）,theWinterSolsticewasadaytooffersacrificestoHeavenandtoancestors.

DuringWinterSolsticeinNorthChina,eatingdumplingsisessentialtothefestival.Thereisasayingthatgoes“HavedumplingsonthefirstdayofWinterSolsticeandnoodlesonthefirstdayofSummerSolstice.”PeopleinSuzhou,JiangsuProvince,areaccustomedtoeatingwontons（馄饨）inmidwinter.Accordingtoalegend,duringthemidwinterfeast2,500yearsago,theKingofWuwastiredofallcostlyfoodsandwantedtoeatsomethingdifferent.Then,thebeautyXishimade“wontons”fortheking.Heatealotandlikedthefoodverymuch.InmemoryofXishi,thepeopleofSuzhoumadewontonstheofficialfoodtocelebratethefestival.

DuringtheWinterSolstice,Hangzhouresidentstraditionallyeatricecakes.InplacessuchasShanghai,peopleeattangyuan,akindofstuffedsmalldumplingballmadeofglutinousriceflourtocelebrateWinterSolstice.

【语篇解读】　早在周朝（公元前11世纪—公元前256年）的时候，人们会在冬至第一天祭神，当时冬至也是新年的第一天。

在汉朝（公元前206年—公元220年）的时候冬至成了一个冬节。

冬至的第一天，北方人吃饺子，苏州人吃馄饨，上海人吃汤圆而杭州人吃年糕。

4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.ThefirstdayoftheWinterSolsticeisalsothefirstdayofthenewyear.

B.TheWinterSolsticebecameawinterfestivalduringtheTangDynasty.

C.TheWinterSolsticemarksthecomingofthecoldestseasonintheyear.

D.TheWinterSolsticeisthelastsolartermoftheyear.

答案与解析　C　正误判断题。

根据第二段最后一句话“冬至也标志着一年当中最冷季节的到来。

”可知选项C正确。

5．WhichofthefoodiseatenonthefirstdayoftheWinterSolsticeinmemoryofXishi?

A.Dumplings.B.Ricecakes.

C.Tangyuan.D.Wontons.

答案与解析　D　细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句可知苏州人在冬至的第一天吃馄饨是为了纪念西施，故选项D正确。

6．Thepassageiswrittento________.

A.showhowtocelebratetheWinterSolstice

B.explainthemeaningoftheWinterSolstice

C.introducesomethingabouttheWinterSolstice

D.sharehisopinionsabouttheWinterSolstice

答案与解析　C　写作意图题。

文章介绍了冬至的庆祝活动和人们在冬至的第一天所吃的传统食物，故文章目的在于介绍与冬至有关的事情，故选项C正确。

词汇微存　①inmemoryof纪念；②significantadj.重要的

阅读理解C　（2018·邢台质检）　体裁：

夹叙夹议文　话题：

社会　难度：

★★★☆☆

Notlongago,Itriedconvincingmythreedaughtersthattheworld'ssecretsarehiddeninsidesilence.Thegirlslookedatmeskeptically.Surelysilenceisnothing?

Sittingthereatthedinnertable,Isuddenlyrememberedtheircuriosityaschildren,theirwonderingaboutwhatmightbehiddenbehindadoorandtheiramazementastheystaredatalightswitchandaskedmeto“openthelight”.Butnowtheyare13,16and19andwonderlessandless.Iftheystillwonderatanything，theyquicklypullouttheir

smartphonestofindtheanswer.Noneofthemhaveanyinterestindiscussingwithme.Toattracttheirattention,ItoldthemabouttwofriendsofminewhohaddecidedtoclimbMountQomolangma.

Earlyonemorningtheyleftbasecamptoclimbthesouthwestwallofthemountain.Itwasgoingwell.Bothreachedthesummit,butthencamethestorm.Theysoonrealizedtheywouldnotmakeitdownalive.Thefirstgotholdofhispregnantwifebysatellitephone.Togethertheydecidedonthenameofthechildthatshewascarrying.Thenhequietlypassedawayjustbelowthesummit.Myotherfriendwasnotabletocontactanyonebeforehedied.Nooneknowsexactlywhathappenedonthemountaininthosehours.Thankstothedry,coolclimate8kmabovesealevel,theyhavebothbeenfreezedried.Theyliethereinsilence,lookingnodifferent.

Thegirlsremainedquiet,listening.Itseemedasthoughtheyhadgotsomething.

Itiseasytoassumethattheessence（本质）oftechnologyistechnologyitself,butthatiswrong.Theessenceisthetimewespendwithourfamilyandhowmuchfreedomwehavebytechnology.（点明科技的本质，第8和第11题答题线索）

【语篇解读】　科技带给我们的是什么？

作者通过讲述自己和女儿的故事说明科技的本质是我们和家人共度的时光和自由。

7．What'stherealpurposeoftheauthortellingthestory?

A.Toentertainthegirls.

B.Toattractthegirls'attentiontotechnology.

C.Toencouragethegirlstoexploretheworld'ssecret.

D.Toshareaviewpointabouttheessenceoftechnology.

答案与解析　D　写作意图题。

文章第一段提出科学的本质问题，最后一段说明科技的本质所在，故作者是通过一个故事表达自己对科技的看法。

故选项D正确。

8．Whyarethegirlsunwillingtodiscussproblemswiththeauthorwhentheyarepuzzled?

A.Becausetheydon'twanttosolvethem.

B.Becausetheycanturntothesmartphone.

C.Becausetheyfeelashamedfortheirproblems.

D.Becausetheythinkitdifficulttotalkwithothers.

答案与解析　B　推理判断题。

根据第二段的第三和第四句可知孩子不愿意和作者讨论的原因是他们可以求助手机查询他们不理解的事情。

9．Howwouldtheauthorthinkoftheoutcomeofthestorytelling?

A.It'seffective.B.It'sunacceptable.

C.It'sembarrassing.D.It'sdiscouraging.

答案与解析　A　观点态度题。

根据倒数第二段第二句话“女孩们好像明白了什么”可知作者的故事是有效的，故选项A正确。

10．Whatdoestechnologyreallybringusaccordingtothetext?

A.Theanswerstothepuzzlingproblems.

B.Thetimewithourfamilyandfreedom.

C.Theinformationoflearningtheoutsideworld.

D.Thechoiceofcommunicatingwithourfriends.

答案与解析　B　推理判断题。

根据最后一段第二句可知科技的本质是给我们带来和家人在一起的时间和自由，故选项B正确。

阅读技巧7　文体类别判意图——写作意图类

看文体类别：

故事类（totellastory/tosharea（n）...experience/toamuse/entertainreaders）。

广告类（tosellaproduct/toattractvisitors/topersuadereaders/topromote...）。

说明文（tointroduce/toinformreaders）。

议论文（toargue）。

新闻类（toinform/toreport...）。

看写作手法：

在文章开头提出问题或介绍与主题有关的其他事物：

tobringin/tointroducethetopic。

举例或引用某人的话：

tosupport/toshow...。

阅读七选五　（2018·内江模拟）　体裁：

说明文　话题：

日常活动　难度：

★★★★☆

TinyTomatoes

Tomatoescomeinavarietyofsizes,shapesandcolors.Andthelittletomatoesaresomeofthemostfuntogrowandareperhapsthemostrewarding.

Plum,cherryandothersmalltomatotypesarefuntogrowbecausetheyalwaysproduceabundantcropsofflavorfulfruit.Theyarefuntosnackonwhileworking