考点突破代词.docx
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考点突破代词
代词
主要考点
考点1人称代词
考点2物主代词
考点3反身代词
考点4不定代词
考点5it的用法
精剖析语法突破
【考点1】人称代词
数、格
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
（1）人称代词的主格作主语；人称代词的宾格作及物动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语。
（2）在没有谓语动词的句子中，人称代词常用宾格，如“Me,too”。
随堂练习
一、单句语法填空
①Allofushavereadthrillingstories.Inmanyof________（they）theherohadonlyalimitedandspecifiedtimetolive.
②Thenthefrogsuddenlyjumpedintothewaterandthemousewaspulledinwith________（he）．
③Wecanchooseourfriends,butusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.However,togetahappyhomelife,wehavetogetalongwith________aswellaspossible.
④Myfriendswalkedwithmetothebusstopandwaitedwith________（I）untilthebusarrived.
⑤Shedidnothesitateforlong:
althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease________（he）．
二、单句改错
①（2016·浙江高考）Everytimehearrivedhomeattheendoftheday,we’dgreetheratthedoor.
②It'sbeenaweeksinceweleftyourfamilyandwearenowbackhome.Thankyouverymuchforshowingthemaroundyourcityandprovidinguswiththewonderfulmeals.
③Finally,weputthefigurines（面人）wemadethemonthetableandtookpictureswiththeoldcraftsman.
④Butit'sdifficultformetodecidewhatactivitiesweshouldorganizeandhowtoplanit.
⑤Secondly,it'shightimeforItosaysorrytotheclassmateswhomIhurtormisunderstood.
⑥Whenwearrived,wemadeacampfirefirst.Then,Annataughtustocatchfishsothattheycouldhavemorefoodtoeatthatnight.
⑦Wehadtotakehertothedoctoronthethirddayandwewerereallyworried,buthewasOK.
【答案】
一、单句语法填空
①them,②him,③them,④me,⑤him
二、单句改错
①her改为him,②them改为us,③去掉them,④it改为them,⑤第一个I改为me,
⑥they改为we,⑦her改为him或者he改为she
【考点2】物主代词
意思
类别
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
（1）形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,在句中只能作名词或动名词的前置定语,不能单独使用。
（2）名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，可单独作主语、表语和宾语，也可与of连用作后置定语，但不能单独作定语。
随堂练习
一、单句语法填空
①ManyAsiancultureshaveoriginatedtheirowncalligraphystyles,butChina'sisunequaledbecauseof________（it）beauty,grace（优雅）andhistory.
②“Assoonasheopens________（he）mouthandsingsinChinese,theChineseareverysurprisedandtheyfeelveryproudofhim，”saidhismusicteacher.
③Theviolinis________（you）,Mr.Kreisler.Takeitintotheworld,andletthepeoplehearit.
④TheyareheadingforFloridafor________（they）honeymoonandplantoframethetreasuredpictureassoonastheygetback.
二、单句改错
①I'vealwaysbeendreamingofhavinganopportunitytotravelinEnglish-speakingcountrieslikeyourtopracticeandimprovemyEnglish.
②Throughtheseactivities,wecanbroadenushorizonsandlearnaboutWesternculture.
③（2014·重庆联合测试）Ifyoudon'tbuildyourdream,someonewillhireyoutobuildhim.
④Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteadily.
⑤（2016·四川高考）Dadcleanedthehouse,andthenwentshopping.Whenhecameback,Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.
⑥（2017·全国卷Ⅲ）Ienjoyedstudyingdifferentkindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatestmusicalbums.Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.
【答案】
一、单句语法填空
①its,②his,③yours,④their
二、单句改错
①your改为yours,②us改为our,③him改为his,④our改为his,⑤her改为his,⑦your改为my
【考点3】反身代词
人称
数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself,herself,itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
（1）反身代词常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce（介绍）等动词后和by,for,to,in,of等介词后作宾语。
（2）反身代词可以作名词或代词的同位语,加强语气,强调"亲自,本人,亲身"。
（3）反身代词可以在be,feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语,表示身体或精神状态。
（4）含有反身代词的短语
①介词+反身代词
byoneself单独地,独自地 foroneself亲自,为自己
inoneself本身,本来tooneself对自己,独有
②动词+反身代词
dressoneself自己穿衣hideoneself把自己藏起来
enjoyoneself过得愉快feeloneself觉得自在
loseoneself迷路seatoneself坐下
amuseoneself自娱teachoneself自学
expressoneself表达自己的思想behaveoneself表现得体,有礼貌
boastoneself自夸
makeyourselfathome不拘束helponeselfto随便吃,随便用
devoteoneselfto致力于applyoneselfto专心致志于
adapt/adjustoneselfto适应于
随堂练习：
单句语法填空
①（2017·浙江高考）“ShethoughtIhadhurt________（I），”saysPaulson.
②Theydoitbecausetheplatformallowstheirvoicetobeheardandconstantlyencouragesthemtoimprove______（they）．
③（2010·上海卷）Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon'tlearntodependon__________.
④Iamsureallofthemenjoyed__________inthepartylastnight.
⑤Canyoucarrythisboxupstairsby__________?
【答案】
①myself,②themselves,③ourselves,④themselves,⑤yourself
【考点4】不定代词
1.either,both,neither,all,none,any
词义
指代
都
任何一个
都不
两个人或物
both
either
neither
三个或三个以上的人或物；不可数名词
all
any
none
随堂练习
一、单句语法填空
①Therearemanytreeson__________sideofthestreet.
②LilyandLucyaretwins,__________ofthemlookliketheirmother.
③Neitheranswer__________（be）right.
④Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbut________wasavailablefromthatshop.（2012?
江西）
⑤AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears，shelost________ofherenthusiasmforlife.（2013?
陕西，22）
⑥It'saneither—orsituation—wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan'tdo________．（2013?
新课标Ⅱ，14）
⑦Nowadaysreferencebookshavebecomeaproblemofgreatconcernfor________theteachersandthestudents.
Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,but________containedanyusefulsuggestions.
（2014·北京东城联考）Youmaydropinorjustgivemeacall.________willdo.
（2014·北京东城一模）Thereareplentyofvegetablesinthefridge.Youneedn'tbuy________.
二、单句改错
①（2017·全国卷Ⅱ）Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.
②（2015·四川高考改编）Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,butneitherisusefultomyknowledge.
③（2014·四川卷）She'dlivedinLondonandManchester,butshelikedeitherandmovedtoCambridge.
（2014·河南洛阳统考）Yousee,noneofthemisbig,buttheybecomealargeriverwhenjoinedtogether,andyetlargerwhenjoinedbyathird.
TomandMikeareallfondofskiing,butneitherofthemlikesplayingthepiano.
【答案】
一、单句语法填空
①either,②both,③is,④none,⑤none,⑥both,⑦both,
neither,
Either,
any
二、单句改错
①all改为both,②neither改为none,③either改为neither,④none改为neither,⑤all改为both
2.nobody/noone,nothing,none
指代
用来回答
相当于
是否加of短语
nobody/noone
人
who
notanybody
notanyone
否
nothing
物
what
notanything
否
none
人或物
howmany
howmuch
nota/an/any+名词
或no+名词
是
随堂练习：
用none,nobody/noone,nothing填空
①__________canbegoodatsomethingfor40yearsifhedoesn’tloveit.
②Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Thereis__________likeswimmingasameansofkeepingfit.
③--Wow!
You’vegotsomanyclothes!
--But__________ofthemareinfashionnow.
④Icouldn’tjuststandbyanddo__________.
【答案】①Nobody/noone②nothing③none④nothing
3.other,theother,others,theothers,another
（1）other作定语时,常与复数名词连用,如果前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no以及形容词性物主代词，也可与可数名词单数或不可数名词连用。
others是other的复数形式,泛指“别的人或物”（但不是全部），不能作定语,可构成“some…,others…”（一些……另一些……）。
（2）theother指“两者中的另一个”，常与one连用构成“one…,theother…”（一个……,另一个……）；theother作定语修饰复数名词时，特指"“其余全部的人或物”，可构成“some…,theothers…”（一些……其余的……）。
（3）another指"再一,另一",作代词或形容词,用于表示三者或三者以上中的任何一个。
（4）another也可用于数词前,表示"再,又"。
此时"another+数词+名词复数"相当于"数词+more+名词复数"。
随堂练习
一、单句语法填空
①Idon'tknowwhethertheyoungmanactuallyusedthemoneyforhisbreakfastorfor________purposes.
②FeelingthatIcouldnotstandwaitinginsuchalineanylonger,Idecidedtojoin______one.
③（2014·福建卷）Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein________，knivesandforks.
④（2013·重庆卷）Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingis________.
⑤Classwasoverandthestudentscameoutoftheclassroomoneafter________.
二、单句改错
①Ihavetwobrothers.Oneisasoldierandtheanotherisasinger.
②Youcannevermeettheneedsofeverycustomer.Somemaypreferlightcolorswhileotherenjoydarkones.
③Dadlosthisjob,andasMomexplained,“Hewasluckytofindotherone.”
④（2014·苏州市调研）Tostayawake,mybrotherfinishedacupofcoffeeandorderedothers.
⑤（2014·河北保定调研）ThediseasewasterribleanditmadeJack'slifedifficult,oneproblemfollowingtheanother
【答案】
一、单句语法填空
①other,②another,③others,④another,⑤another
二、单句改错
①another改为other,②other改为others,③other改为another,④others改为another,⑤去掉the
4.复合不定代词
某
任何
每个，所有
没有
人
somebody（someone）
anybody（anyone）
everybody（everyone）
nobody（noone）
物
something
anything
everything
nothing
（1）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用三单形式。
（2）复合不定代词若有形容词修饰，形容词应放在其后。
5.代词构成的固定搭配
anythingbut决不,根本不
nothingbut仅仅,只有
nonebut=only仅仅,只有
allbut=almost几乎,差不多;除……外的全部
anybody/everybodybut除……外的任何人
notanything=nothing没有什么（表示全部否定）
noteverything并非每件东西（表示部分否定）
随堂练习：
单句语法填空
①（2014·安徽卷）Youcanaskanyoneforhelp.________hereiswillingtolendyouahand.
②（2013·安徽卷）Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.________willbeachievedunlessweworkwelltogether.
③（2011·全国卷Ⅱ）Igotthisbicyclefor________；Myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.
④（2011·四川卷）Thereis________inhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.
⑤Whilehelikesbasketballverymuch,heis________butabasketballteacher.
⑥—Wouldyoulike________toeat?
—Somebreadandtwocakes,please.
【答案】
①Everyone/Everybody,②Nothing,③nothing,④something,⑤anything,⑥something
6.many,much,few,little,afew,alittle
代词
用法
表示意义
含义
注意
few
修饰可数名词
否定含义
几乎没有
onlyafew=few
afew
修饰可数名词
肯定含义
几个；一些
little
修饰不可数名词
否定含义
几乎没有
onlyalittle=little
alitt
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