冀版八年级下册英语重难点知识点详解文档格式.docx
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5.I'
mscaredofthunder.
bescaredofsb.\sth.害怕某人或某物。
这里scared是过去分词，作形容词。
如：
mscaredofwildanimals.
scare还可以作动词。
Youscaredme.
lesson2
sthedatetoday?
It'
sMarchtwenty-first.
What'
sthedate?
是用来询问日期的一个常用句子，也可以说成：
Whatistoday'
sdate?
如果询问星期要用Whatdayistoday?
\Whatdayisittoday?
2.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswarmer.
become是系动词，与get一样，常接形容词作表语；
与get不同的是它还可以接名词作表语，表示身份的变化。
应为：
成为。
Thedaysarebecoming\gettinglongerinsummer.Hebecamealawyerin1998.
3.Thetemperaturegoesup!
goup意思是上升，与rise同义，与godown或set相反。
Thesungoesup\risesintheeastandgoesdown\setsinthewest.
4.Thundermakesaloudnoise.makeanoise意思是发出声响，吵闹。
Thebabyissleeping.Don'
tmakeanoise.Youshouldn'
tmakeanoiseinclass.
lesson3
1.SpringhasarrivedinShijiazhuang.arrive是不及物动词，意思是到达。
arrivein+大地点（国家、地区、城市）arriveat+小地点（学校、商店、车站、邮局等类似地点），地点为副词时in\at要省去。
HearrivedinParis.Thetrainarrivedatthestation.Theyarrivedhomeearly.
reach表示到达时，是及物动词，直接与到达的地点（n）连用。
HereachedParis.Thetrainreachedthestation.
getto表示到达时，后跟副词表示的地点时to要省去，如：
Hegetsthereontime.
2.EverymorningIseemanypeopleintheparkexercising.seesb.doingsth.表示看见某人在做某事，如：
Canyouseethemplayingfootballoverthere?
seesb.dosth.表示看见某人做过某事，如：
Ioftenseehimplayfootballontheplayground.
这样的词还有：
hear;
watch;
notice等。
3.Thesunwillsetinaboutfifteenminutes.
in是介词，表示在...以后，用于将来时，后面跟表示一段时间的名词。
此时，不能用after替换in.如：
Hewillbebackintwodays.Theywillfinishtheworkintenmonths.
4.Wewon'
tseeanyflowersuntilMay.
not...until...意思是直到...才...。
until可以作介词或连词。
Theydidn'
tleaveuntiltheyfinishedthework.Hewon'
tgotobeduntil11o'
clock.
5.Nextmonth,maybewewillplayinourshortsandT－shirts!
in表示穿着，它可以跟表示衣服或衣服颜色的名词，意思是穿着...颜色的衣服。
Thegirlinthehatismysister.Theyareplayinginnewclothes.Ourteacherisinareddresstoday.Allofthemareinblack.
lesson4
1.Weatheriswarming,...这里warm是动词，意思是变暖，它也可用作形容词，如：
swarminspring.It'
sgettingwarmerdaybyday.
2.onebyone一个接一个地如Youcanplanttheseedsonebyone.类似的词语还有：
yearbyyear;
daybyday.
3.Seeitbringtheseason'
schange.seesb.\sth.dosth.看到某人或某事物做过某事，change这里是名词，它也可以做动词，如：
Hechangedhisclothes.
lesson5
1.Let'
sgocycling.gocycling=gotorideabike去骑车。
HeoftengoescyclingonSunday.
let'
sdosth.表示让某人做某事let'
snotdosth.让某人不要做某事，如：
Let'
shavearest.Let'
snotgothere.
2.Howaboutbaseball,then?
how\whatabout+n\pron\doingsth.如：
Ilikespring.Howaboutyou?
Whataboutacupofcoffee?
Howaboutopeningthewindow?
3.Theballalwayshitsmeonthehead.hitsb.onthe+身体部位，表示打在某人的某个部位，如：
Hehitmeonthehead.HewassoangrythathehitMaryintheface.
4.Shallweplaysoccer?
Shallwe\I...?
表示征求对方意见，可以...吗；
...好吗。
Shallwegoswimming?
ShallIsithere?
lesson6
1.DannyisbabysittinghiscousinDebieattheplayground.babysitting是双写t+ing而来的，这样的词还有：
swimming;
running;
beginning;
getting;
putting等；
attheplayground也可以说成in\ontheplayground.
2.Holdon,Debbie!
holdon可以表示稍等，别挂断；
抓紧，如：
Holdonaminute.Heheldontotherope.
3.Dannywillpushyou.push这里是动词，意思是推，它也可以用作名词.pushsb.=givesb.apush.
4.It'
stimetostopswinging,debbie.stopdoingsth.停止做某事；
stoptodosth.停下来做某事；
Theystoppedtosmokeacigarette.Imuststopsmoking.Whenhesawhisteacheronthestreet,hestoppedtotalktoher.Allthestudentsstoppedtalkingwhentheteachercamein.
5.Debbedgetsofftheswing.getoff...意思是从...下来，通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等，反义词组是geton...如：
Don'
tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.TheywillgetoffthetraininBeijing.上、下小汽车或电梯常用getinto\outof...
lesson7
1.Ithoughtaboutitalldayatschool.
thinkabout意思是思考，考虑，想起，想到...;
如:
Iamthinkingaboutmyfriendinthecountry.
tthinkaboutitanymore.
2.Ithoughtthatitwouldbeeasytobabysitthere.
it在此代替后面的不等式tobabysitthere,作形式主语,如:
Itisinterestingtoclimbthehill.Itishardtoanswerthequestion.
3.Iwasscaredthatshewouldhurtherself,but...
herself是反身代词,意思是她自己.当主语和宾语[指同一个人时,宾语应用反身代词.如:
Shecanlookafterherself.MymothertaughtherselfEnglish.
反身代词还可以作同位语,起加强语气的作用.如:
Shecandoitherself.=Sheherselfcandoit
4.Myauntandunclehadmadesandwichesforustoeatattheplayground.
makesth.forsb.=makesb.sth.意思是为某人制作某物.如:
Iwillmakeabirthdaycakeforher.=Iwillmakeherabirthdaycake.
5.sowasI.这是一个倒装句.是由so+系动词\助动词\情态动词+主语,构成.如:
Heistall.SoamI.
Theylikechinesefood.SodothetwoEnglishmen.
6.Ihelpedherbrushherteethandclimbintobed.
helpsb.（to）dosth.意思是帮助某人做某事,如:
Ioftenhelpmymotherdothehousework.HesometimeshelpsmestudyEnglish.
helpsb.withsth.也能表示帮助某人做某事,但with后面跟名词或人称代词宾格,上面的句子可改写为:
Ioftenhelpmymotherwiththehousework.HesometimeshelpsmewithmyEnglish.
Unit2
lesson9
1.Wouldyoulikesomemarkers?
wouldlike意思是想要,后跟名词,代词,动词不等式.如:
dlikeacupoftea.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?
dliketohaveanotherbook.
wouldlikesb.todosth.意思是想要某人做某事,如:
He'
dlikemetohelphimwithhismaths.
wouldyoulikesth.?
用来表示邀请某人吃喝或用什么东西,它的答语为:
Yes,please.\No,thanks.
wouldyouliketodosth.?
用来表示邀请某人做某事,它的答语为:
（yes）,I'
dlike\loveto.\I'
mafraidnot...\I'
dloveto,but...等.
2.Wouldyoupleaselendmeyourgreenmarker?
wouldyouplease+动词原形?
表示请你...好吗?
lend是借进,常用lendsth.tosb.其反义词为borrow,常用borrowsth.fromsb.,如Heborrowedacarfromhisfriend.Helenthisbiketohisneighbour.
3.Don'
tforgettodrawthesun.
forgettodosth.意思是忘记去做某事,forgetdoingsth.意思是忘了做过某事,如:
tforgettoclosethewindowbeforeyoubeave.Heforgotclosingthewindow,sohewentbacktocloseitagain.Heforgottoturnoffthelight,soitwasonthewholenight.
4.Afteryouplantaplantinapot,whatdoyoudonext?
plant是一个兼类词,既可以作动词,也可以作名词.plantaplant表示种植物.类似的兼类词还有:
work;
water;
push等.
lesson10
1.Flowers,leavesandstemsgrowaboveground.Rootsgrowbelowground.
above是介词,表示在...上方,比...还高.与below相反.如:
Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.Today'
stemperatureis10degreesbelowzero.
over是在...正上方,或覆盖在...上面,如:
Thereisalampabovethedesk.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.
2.Plantshaveflowersbeausetheflowersmakeseeds.
because是连词,表示因为,引导原因状语从句.它不能和so连用,如:
Shedidn'
tcometoschoolbecauseshewassick.=Shewassicksoshedidn'
tcometoschool.
3.Theseedsofthericeplantfeedbillionsofpeople.
hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有具体数字时,用单数形式,直接修饰名词;
表示一个笼统的概念时,用复数形式,后面要与介词of连用再接名词.如:
Hehasthreehundredbooks.Hehasreadhundredsofbooks.
lesson11
1.Youneedtolookafterit.
lookafter=takecareof意思是照顾,如:
Ihavetolookafterthebaby.Canyoulookafteryourself?
2.Plantsusesunlighttomakefood.
tomakefood是不定式,表示目的,如:
LiMingwenttoBeijingtoseehisuncle.
3.Gardensarefullofplants.
befullof...表示盛满...,装满....如:
Theroomisfullofpeople.Thesebottlesarefullofwater.
4.Inspring,peopleputcoversoverplantstokeepthemwarmatnight.
cover用作动词意思是覆盖,遮盖,cover...with...表示用..把...覆盖上,如:
Hecoveredhisfacewithascarf.becoveredwith...被...覆盖着.如:
Theroadisusuallycoveredwithsnow.
cover还可以用作名词,表示覆盖物,封面.如:
Thebookneedsanewcover.
keepsb.\sth.+adj.表示使某人或某物处于某种状态.如:
Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.Helikesdoingthingstokeephimselfbusy.Let'
skeepthewindowsopen.
5.Windowsaremadeofglass.
bemadeof...意思是由...制成,在制成的过程中原材料没有发生质的变化.
bemadefrom...意思是由...制成,在制成的过程中原材料发生了质的变化.如:
Mydeskismadeofwood.Booksaremadeofpaper.Paperismadefromwood.Wineismadefromwheat.
lesson12
1.Onegroupsingsthepurplewords,andtheothergroupsingstheblackwords.
one...,theother...意思是一个...另一个...,如:
Shehastwocats.Oneiswhite,theotherisblack.
2.Theprettiestplant...
prettiest是pretty的最高级,如:
Heisthetallestboyandsheistheprettiestgirl.
3.Thatyoueverdidsee.
didsee在此相当于saw,did放在动词原形前起加强语气的作用,如:
Shedoesstudyhard.Idolikecomputergames.Theydidgotohaveapicnicyesterday.
4.Asthestemgrows,itmakesleaves.
as在本句中表示当...时候,引导时间状语从句.如:
HewentoutasIcamein.
lesson13
1.Treeshelpcleantheair.It'
spleasanttowalkamongthetrees.
pleasant,pleased都是形容词,表示高兴的,快乐的.pleasant常用来形容事物,而pleased常用来形容人,如:
Iamverypleasedyou'
vedecidedtocome.
among介词,表示在...（三者以上）之间,between介词,表示在两者之间.
2.Donutsdon'
tgrowontrees.
ontrees=onthetree表示树本身所有物在树上;
inthetree表示外来物在树上;
Therearesomebirdsinthetree.Therearemanyapplesonthetree.
3.Thenwecansitunderatreeintheshade.
intheshade是介词短语,意思是在阴凉处.类似的短语有inthesun;
inthelight;
4.Allplantstakeenergyfromthesunandmakeitintofood.
make...into...意思是把...制成...,如:
Wecanmakethetreeintopaper.Wecanmakecottonintocloth.
make还可以构成如下短语bemadeof\from\by\in等
5.Withoutfood,theywouldhavenothingtoeatandtheywoulddie.
without是介词,意思是没有,不,如Hewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.Fishcan'
tlivewithoutwater.
lesson14
1.Thereareabouteightythousanddifferentplantsintheworldthatpeoplecaneat.
thatpeoplecaneat是定语从句,修饰plants,that是关系代词,引导定语从句,并代指plants,也可以用which来引导.当被修饰的名词是人时,可以用who,that,如Ilikethepresentthatyougaveme.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatI'
veeverread.Thewomanwhoisbabysittingthebabyismyaunt.
2.Buthalfoftheworld'
sfoodcomesfromonlythreeplants:
race,cornandwheat.
halfof...意思是...中的一半,当它所指代的是不可数名词时,代表单数.如果后面所接的是可数名词的复数,那么它所代表的也是复数概念.如Halfofhismoneywasspentonbooks.HalfofthebookshereareinEnglish.Halfofthestudentsinourclasslikemath.
allof...;
aquarterof...和它类似.
3.Doctorsusemedicinetohelpsickpeople.
use...todosth.意思是用...来做...,如We
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