Test Paper of Unit Four.docx

Test Paper of Unit Four.docx

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TestPaperofUnitFour

TestPaperofUnitFour,BookTwo

Class:

ThreeName:

温敏华Number:

10106013023______

I.MultipleChoice（10%）

Therearetwentysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentences.

1、Constantexposuretointenselight______theeyesadversely?

A、affectionB、influenceC、affectsD、effects

2、Doyouhaveanystatisticaldatato______youropinion?

A、forceB、abuseC、enforceD、enfold

3、Heis______andmodest,andisrespectedbyusall.

A、industryB、industrialC、industriousD、index

4、Everygovernmentthatrefusetomeettheneedsofitspeoplemustacceptthe_______.

A、consequencesB、endingsC、resultsD、outcome

5、Thecrowd______outofthestandsontothefield.

A、swarmedB、assembledC、gatheredD、congregated

6、Thepartofthetownhasbeen______asashoppingarea.

A、zonedB、regionC、separatedD、departed

7、Hisaffectedmannerism______manyofus.

A、provokedB、irritatedC、inspiredD、hoisted

8、NATOthreatenedmore______actionifitstermswerenotmet.

A、radicalB、drasticC、extremeD、extract

9、Farmersadd______tothesoiltomakeplanetsgrowbetter.

A、foodstuffB、fertilizerC、dyeD、fuel

10、Manypeoplethinkofdesertsas______regions,butnumerousspeciesofplantsandanimalshaveadaptedtolifethere.

A、virginB、barrenC、voidD、wretched

11、Yourfailureinthefinalexamisduetothefactthatyoudidnot______enoughimportanttoyourEnglish.

A、attendB、attackC、attachD、obtain

12、Theaudiencewasthrownintoa______whenthefirestarted.

A、terrorB、panicC、disorderD、alarm

13、Johncomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages______inthedictionary.

A、missingB、losingC、droppingD、leaking

14、Sheturneduptheradioto______thenoiseofthetraffic.

A、fillB、enormousC、drownoutD、entertain

15、Thehouseisinbeautiful______.

A、surroundingB、surroundingsC、environmentsD、circumstances

16、Thebirds______atthesoundofthegun.

A、spreadB、scatteredC、fliedD、sped

17、Thereareloadsoflearned______inhishead.

A、wasteB、garbageC、junkD、lumber

18、Withgreateffortsofthepeace-lovingpeopleallovertheworld-Iraq______thewar.

A、survivedB、survivedfromC、survivalD、survivedto

19、Afterworkingfortwentyhourswithoutanyrest,thedoctorswere______.

A、exclaimedB、relaxedC、exhaustedD、polluted

20、The1986lawimposednewfinancial______onprivatecompanies.

A、preparationsB、determinationsC、restrictionsD、admiration

II.Cloze（20%）

Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.Markthebestchoiceforeachblankonyouranswersheet.

ThewarmingoftheEarth______overthelast100yearswillbeduetoacombinationofmanyfactors.Warmingduetotheincreaseingreenhousegases______determinedsofar.______,projectionsofgreenhousewarmingdonotrestonrecentobservations,theycomefrom_______understandingoftheclimatesystem.A_______ofsimpleandcomplexcomputermodels_______overthelast30yearstoputtogetherknowledgeofmanyclimateprocesses.

_______tosomescientificopinion,currentmodelsdoareasonablejobof_______today’sclimate.Thedifferencebetweensummerandwintertemperatures,in_______tochangeinheatingfromtheSun,iscorrectlystimulatedto_______about0.5degreesovermuchoftheplanet._______eventsprovideadditionaltestsofourunderstanding.Forexample,thescaleand_______ofcoolingduetotheeruptionofMt.Pinatubowere_______byclimatemodels.

Whengreenhousegasesareincreasedinclimatemodels,theresponseisalwaysanincreaseinaveragetemperaturesandwatervapor.Models_______intheirresultbut,invirtuallyall_______,doublingtheamountofcarbondioxideincreaseglobalaveragetemperatures_______between1.5℃and4℃.Whyaretheresomedissenting_______heardonthescienceofclimatechange?

_______it_______thatcriticsaresimplyunawareofthedepthofthesciencedevelopedsofar.

Othersareconcerned_______wedonotunderstandeverythingabouttheclimatesystem.

1、A、observedB、observingC、toobserveD、hasbeenobserved

2、A、aloneB、lonelyC、simplyD、really

3、A、HoweverB、FurthermoreC、ThereforeD、Besides

4、A、thoroughB、scientificC、individualD、ridiculous

5、A、rangeB、kindC、sortD、form

6、A、hasbeenusedB、hadbeenusedC、havebeenusedD、hasused

7、A、ContrastB、ContraryC、ComparedD、Comparison

8、A、resemblingB、translatingC、stimulatingD、simulating

9、A、additionB、properC、responseD、due

10、A、withinB、inC、insideD、with

11、A、CurrentB、GeographicalC、FinancialD、Natural

12、A、lastingB、durationC、continuationD、expansion

13、A、directedB、createdC、madeD、reproduced

14、A、differB、changeC、varyD、move

15、A、factsB、casesC、reasonsD、occasions

16、A、byB、withC、ofD、within

17、A、soundsB、voicesC、commentsD、studies

18、A、InsomecasesB、InanycaseC、InnocaseD、Incaseof

19、A、appearsB、realizesC、provesD、shows

20、A、whenB、althoughC、ifD、because

III.ReadingComprehension（20%）

Inthissectiontherearetworeadingpassagesfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.

TEXTONE

Environmentalsensitivityisnowasrequiredanattitudeinpolitesocietyasis,say,beliefindemocracy.ButnowthateveryonefromTedTurnertoGeorgeBush,DowtoExxonhasprofessedloveforMotherEarth,howarewetochooseamongthedozensofconflictingproposals,restrictions,projects,regulationsandlawsadvancedinthenameoftheenvironment?

Clearlynoteverythingwithanenvironmentalclaimisworthdoing.Howtochoose?

Thereisasimpleway.First,distinguishbetweenenvironmentalluxuriesandenvironmentalnecessities.Luxuriesarethosethingsitwouldbenicetohaveifcostless.Necessitiesarethosethingswemusthaveregardless.Thenapplyarule.Callitthefundamentalaxiomofsaneenvironmentalism:

Combattingecologicalchangethatdirectlythreatensthehealthandsafetyofpeopleisanenvironmentalnecessity.Allelseisluxury.

Forexample:

preservingtheatmosphere—stoppingozonedepletionandthegreenhouseeffect—isanenvironmentalnecessity.InAprilscientistsreportedtheozonedamageisfarworsethanpreviousthought.Ozonedepletionnotonlycausesskincancer,italsodestroysplankton,thebeginningofthefoodchainatopwhichwehumanssit.

Therealityofthegreenhouseeffectismorespeculative,thoughitspossibleconsequencesarefardeadlier:

meltingicecaps,floodedcoastlines,disruptedclimate,parchedplainsand,ultimately,emptybreadbaskets.TheAmericanMidwestfeedstheworld.ArewepreparedtoseeIowaacquireNewMexico’sdesertclimate?

AndSiberiaacquireIowa’s?

Ozonedepletionandthegreenhouseeffectarehumandisasters.Theyhappentooccurintheenvironment.Buttheyareurgentbecausetheydirectlythreatenman.Asaneenvironmentalism,theonlykindofenvironmentalismthatwillwinuniversalpublicsupport,beginsbydeclaringthatnatureisheretoserveman.Asaneenvironmentalismisentirelyanthropocentric:

itenjoinsmantopreservenature,butonthegroundsofself-preservation.

Asaneenvironmentalismdoesnotsentimentalizetheearth.Itdoesnotaskpeopletosacrificeinthenameofothercreatures.Afterall,itishardenoughtoaskpeopletosacrificeinthenameofotherhumans.（Thinkofthechronicpublicresistancetoforeignaidandwelfare.）

Ofcourse,thisanthropocentrismrunsagainstthegrainofacontemporaryenvironmentalismthatindulgesinearthworshiptothepointidolatry.Onescientifictheory—Gaiatheory—actuallyclaimsthatEarthisalivingorganism.Thiskindofenvironmentalismlikestoconsideritselfspiritual.Itisnotingmorethansentimental.Ittakes,forexample,ahighlyselectiveviewofthebenignityofnature.MynatureworshipstopswiththeApriltwisterthatcamethroughKansasortheMaycyclonethatkilledmorethan125,000Bengalisandleft10million（!

）homeless.

Anon-sentimentalenvironmentalismisonefoundedonProtagoras’maximthat“Manisthemeasureofallthings.”Suchaprinciplehelpsusthroughthethicketofenvironmentalargument.TakethecurrentdebateragingoveroildrillinginacorneroftheAlaskaNationalWildlifeRefuge.Environmentalists,mobilizingagainstabillworkingitswaythroughtheU.S.Congresstopermitsuchexploration,arguethatAmericansshouldbeconservingenergyinsteadofdrillingforit.Thisisafalseeither/orproposition.TheU.S.doesneedasizableenergytaxtoreduceconsumption.Butitneedsmoreproductiontoo.Governmentestimatesindicateanearlyfifty-fiftychancethatundertheANWRliesoneofthefivelargestoilfieldseverdiscoveredinAmerica.

TheU.S.hasjustcomethroughawarfoughtinpartoveroil.EnergydependencecostsAmericansnotjustdollarsbutlives.ItisabizarresentimentalismthatwoulddenyoilthatispeacefullyattainablebecauseitrisksdisruptingthecalvinggroundsofArcticcaribou.

Ilikethecaribouasmuchasthenextman.AndIwouldberathersorryiftheirmatingpatternsaredisturbed.Butyoucan’thaveeverything.Andifthechoiceisbetweenthewelfareofcaribouandreducingandoildependencythatgetspeoplekilledinwars,Ichoosemanovercariboueverytime.

SimilarlythespottedowlinOregon.Iamnoenemyoftheowl.Ifitcouldbepreservedatnoorlittlecost,Iwouldagree:

thevarietyofnatureisagood,ahighaestheticgood.Butitisnomorethanthat.Andsometimesaestheticgoodshavetobesacrificedtothemorefundamentalones.Ifthecostofpreservingthespottedowlisthelossoflivelihoodf