病理学双语本科试题.docx

病理学双语本科试题.docx

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病理学双语本科试题

Thetestpaperofpathology

（120mins）

1

2

3

4

Totalmarks

1.Pleasegiveanexplanationforeachoffollowingpathologicterms（20points:

2pointsforeach）

（1）Piecemealnecrosis

（2）Infarction

（3）Inflammationmediators

.

（4）Tuberculoma

（5）Metaplasia

（6）Organization

（7）Atypia

（8）Aschoffbody

（9）Acutenephriticsyndrome

（10）Cervicalintraepithelialneoplasia

2.Trueorfalse

Saywhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue（T）orfalse（F）.Pleasefillintheblanksas（T）or（F）（20points:

1pointsforeach）

（1）Itissaidthatcellnumberincreasedishypertrophy.（）

（2）Apoptosisoccurrednotonlyinpathologicalcases,butalsoinnormal.（）

（3）Thereasonforprimarygranularcontractedkidneyishypertension.（）

（4）Lobularpneumoniaischaracterizedbyfocioffibrinousinflammation.（）

（5）Tubercleisatypicalgranuloma.（）

（6）Itwasreportedthatabnormalimmunitycouldecausediffusetoxicgoiter.（）

（7）Papillarycarcinomasarethemostcommonformofthyroidcancer.Theyoccuratanyagebutoccurmostofteninthetwentiestofortiesandaccountforthevastmajorityofthyroidcarcinomas.（）

（8）Localmanifestationofinflammationareredness,swelling,heat,painanddisturbanceoffunction.（）

（9）Pulmonaryprimarycomplexoftenoccursinchildren.（）

（10）ExaminationoftheCSFbylumbarpunctureisnotessentialineachcasewithepidemicmeningitis（）

（11）Therearenovilliinchoriocarcinoma（）

（12）ThereisnocorrelationbetweenHBVinfectionandhepatocellularcarcinoma（）

（13）Schistosomiasisistransmittedbyfreshwatersnailthatliveintheslow-movingwateroftropicalriver,lake,andirrigationditchs,wichironicallylinkagriculturaldevelopmentwithspreadofschistosomiasis（）

（14）Epithelialtumorsarenamedhistogeneticallyaccordingtotheirspecificepithelialtypeandbehaviorallyasbenignandmalignant（）.

（15）Atherosclerosisprimarilyaffectselasticarteriesandlargeandmedium-sizedmusculararteries（）.

（16）Anemicinfarctofkidneyiscoagulativenecrosis（）

（17）ThereisnocorrelationbetweenHPVinfectionandneoplasiaofthecervix（）

（18）Immunologicaldamageaccountsformosthumanglomerulardisease.（）

（19）Themainreasonforchroniccongestionofliverischronicleftsideheartfailure.（）

（20）Malignanttumorsobviouslyhavemoreseriouslocaleffectsbecausetheyinvadeanddestroylocalstructures.（）

4.Questions:

（30points）

（1）Describethepathologicchangeandfunctionofgranulationtissue（<250words）（7points）

（2）Whatisthepseudomembrane?

Whichdiseasehasit?

（7points）

（3）whatisgranuloma?

Compareandcontrasttwoetiologiesforgranulomaformation.Discusstheirmicroscopicpathologicfindings.（<200words）（7points）

（4）Describethepathologicchangeandmanifestationofpotalcirrhosisofliver（9points）

4.Mutiplechoice（30points:

1pointforeach）

（NO.1-27:

Directions:

Eachitembelowcontainsaquestionorincompletestatementfollowedbysuggestedresponses.Selecttheonebestresponsetoeachquestion）

（1）Whileintheclinic,thenursemeasuresthebloodpressureofa61yearoldman,andfindsthatitis183/100mmHgsittingand190/105standing.Hehasaheartrateof81/minute,withanirregularlyirregularrhythm.Whichofthefollowingpathologicfindingsismostlikelytobepresent:

A.Leftventricularhypertrophy

B.Leftatrialmyxoma

C.Occlusivecoronaryatherosclerosis

D.Corpulmonale

E.Mitralregurgitation

（2）A32-year-oldpregnantfemalewasfoundtobelargefordatesonphysicalexaminationandhadnofetalhearttonesaudibleat18weeks.Anultrasoundwasperformedandrevealedthatnofetuswaspresent,onlymanyechogeniccysticareaswithintheuterus.Youshouldmoststronglysuspect:

A.Ectopicpregnancy

B.Partialhydatidiformmole

C.Endometrialcarcinoma

D.Maturecysticteratoma

E.Completehydatidiformmole

（3）Whichofthefollowingcellularchangesrepresentsthebestevidenceforirreversiblecellularinjury:

A.Epithelialdysplasia

B.Cytoplasmicfattymetamorphosis

C.Nuclearpyknosis

D.Atrophy

E.Anaerobicglycolysis

（4）WhichisNOTafeatureofapoptoticcelldeath?

A.cuttingoftheDNAatregularintervals

B.cross-linkingofproteinsinthecytoplasm

C.destructionofthecytoskeleton

D.liquefactionoftheapoptoticremnant

E.pyknosisofthenucleusasinotherformsofnecrosis

（5）Achestradiographrevealsa2cmrightmid-lungsubpeuralnodulealongwithmediastinallymphadenopathyina17yearoldfemalewhorecentlydevelopedacoughwithfever.selectthemostlikelypathologicfinding:

A.Empyema

B.Bronchiectasis

C.Primarytuberculosis

D.Secondarytuberculosis

E.Panacinaremphysema

（6）A59-year-oldmaledevelopssuddensevereanteriorchestpainthatradiatestohisback.Withinminutes,heisunconscious.Hehasahistoryofhypertension.Whichofthefollowingdoyoususpect:

A.Tearintheaorticintima

B.GroupAstreptococcalinfection

C.Rightmiddlecerebralarteryembolus

D.Acuteviralmyocarditis

E.Myocadialinfarction

（7）You'remostlikelytoseecaseousnecrosisin

A.calcifiedfataroundawoundedpancreas

B.gangrenousdiabeticfoot

C.infarctedmyocardium

D.pusinaboil

E.tuberculouslung

（8）Themostcommoncomplicationofgastricpepticulcersarethoseexcept

A.perforation

B.haemorrhage

C.pyloricstenosis

D.malignanttransformation

E.epigasticgnawing

（9）ThegrossappearanceanaortawithsevereulcerativeatherosclerosisisassociatedwitheachofthefollowingadditionalfindingsEXCEPT

A.Muralthrombosis

B.Diabetesmellitus,typeI

C.Hypercholesterolemia

D.Neoplasia

E.Aneurysmformation

（10）Thetermgoiterrefersto

A.Anyenlargementofthethyroidregardlessoftheetiology

B.Anyinvolutionofthethyroidregardlessoftheetiology

C.EnlargementofthethyroidsecondarytoGraves’disease

D.Enlargementofthethyroidsecondarytoingestionofgoitergens

E.Involutionofthethyroidsecondsrytothyroidadenoma

（11）A50-year-oldmalewithalonghistoryofsmokinghasaroutineurinalysisperformedthatdemonstrates2+blood,noprotein,andnoglucose.Acomputedtomographic（CT）scanrevealsa6cmmassthatliesintheupperpoleofhisleftkidney.Thepresenceofwhichofthefollowingconditionsbestexplainsthesefindings:

A.Adenocarcinomaofprostate

B.Transitionalcellcarcinomaofrenalpelvis

C.Renalcellcarcinoma

D.Nodularglomerulosclerosis

E.Squamouscellcarcinomaofpenis

（12）A42-year-oldmanpresentsbecauserecentlyhehashadtochangehisshoesizefrom9to10½.Healsosaysthathishandsandjawarenowlager.Thedisorderismostlikelymediatedthroughtheactionsofexcess

A.Prolactin

B.ACTH

C.Somatomedin

D.Antidiuretichormone

E.Thyrotropin

（13）A40yearoldfemalehasachroniccoughwithfeverandweightloss.Achestradiographrevealsmultiplenodules,someofwhichdemonstratecavitationintheupperlobes.Asputumsamplerevealsacidfastbacilli.Themostimportantcellinthedevelopmentherlunglesionsisa:

A.Macrophage

B.Fibroblast

C.Neutrophil

D.Mastcell

E.Platelet

（14）Whichofthefollowingfindingsintheprimarybreastcarcinomaofa45-year-oldfemalesuggestsabetterprognosis:

A.Lowlevelsofestrogenreceptors

B.Asolitaryaxillarylymphnodemetastasis

C.Atumorsizeof5cm

D.Aneuploidybyflowcytometry

E.Anintraductalhistologicpattern

（15）Thecliniciantellsthepatient,"Thepathologistcalledyourbiopsypre-cancerous".Thatmeansthepathologistprobablycalledit:

A.amasswithoutanaplasia

B.hyperplasia

C.hypertrophy

D.metaplasia

E.dysplasia

（16）WhichisNOTevidenceofirreversiblecellinjury?

A.acutecellswelling（"cellularedema"）

B.calciumchunksinthemitochondria

C.nuclearpyknosis

D.ruptureofthelysosomes

E.alltheaboveareevidenceofirreversibleinjury

（17）A55yearoldmalehashadabloodpressureof165/105mmHgformanyyearsandhasnotbotheredtotreatthiscondition.Hismostlikelycauseofdeathwillbefrom:

A.Cerebralhemorrhage（stroke）

B.Aorticaneurysmrupture

C.Congestiveheartfailure

D.Chronicrenalfailure

E.Intracranialarterialaneurysmrupture

（18）Awedge-shapedareaofischemicnecrosisisaccompaniedbyextensivehemorrhage.Wherewillthisfindingmosttypicallybepresent:

A.Lungwithpulmonarythromboembolism

B.Heartwithcoronarythrombosis

C.Liverwithhypovolemicshock

D.Kidneywithsepticembolus

E.Spleenwithembolizedmuralthrombus

（19）A55-year-oldwomanhasbeentreatedinthehospitalforpneumoniafor3weeks.Sheisexaminedonemorningandfoundtohaveaswollenrightleg.Itistendertopalpationposteriorlybutisnotwarm.Thisconditionismostlikelytheresultof:

A.Venousthrombosis

B.Septicemboli

C.Congestiveheartfailure

D.Cellulitis

E.Infarction

（20）A48-year-oldmalehasahistoryofchronicalcoholism.Heisabletoperformhisworkathisjob.Hehashadnomajorillnesses.Onphysicalexamination,therearenosignificantfindings.Whichofthefollowingmicroscopicfindingsinhisliverismostlikelytobepresent:

A.Cholestasis

B.Fattychange

C.Hemochromatosis

D.Hypertrophyofsmoothendoplasmicreticulum

E.Coagulativenecrosis

（21）Graves’diseaseischaracterizedclinicallybyfinding

A.Centralobesity,“moon”face,andabdominalstriae

B.Hperthyroidism,exophthalmus,andpretibialmyxedema

C.Polyuria,polydipsia,andhyponatemia

D.Polyuria,polydipsia,andpolyphagia

E.Progressivelethargy,coldintolerance,andmyxedma

（22）.A26yearoldmalewhodiedfromcomplication