甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高三第四次检测考试英语英语.docx

甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高三第四次检测考试英语英语.docx

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甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高三第四次检测考试英语英语

甘肃省甘谷县第一中学

2017届高三第四次检测考试

英语试题

本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第I卷（共70分）

第一部分选择题

第一节．阅读理解（共15题，每小题2分，共30分）

A

ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.

Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.

However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.

Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate（磷酸盐）ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.

Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripminingtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.

In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.

Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.

1.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.ToseekhelpforNauru’sproblems.B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries

C.ToshowtheimportanceofmoneyD.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.

2.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?

A.RichandpowerfulB.Modernandopen

C.PeacefulandattractiveD.Greedyandaggressive

3.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem?

A.ItsleadersmisusedthemoneyB.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland

C.ItsphosphateminingcostmuchmoneyD.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?

A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.

B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.

C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans

D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed

B

OneofthegreatestcontributionstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsmostunusual.In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.ItwouldincludeeveryEnglishwordpossibleandwouldgivenotonlythedefinitionbutalsothehistoryofthewordandquotations（引文）showinghowitwasused.

Thiswasahugetask.SoMurrayhadtofindvolunteersfromBritain,theUnitedStates,andtheBritishcoloniestosearcheverynewspaper,magazine,andbookeverwritteninEnglish.Hundredsofvolunteersresponded,includingWilliamChesterMinor.Dr.MinorwasanAmericanSurgeonwhohadservedintheCivilWarandwasnowlivinginEngland.Hegavehisaddressas“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,”50milesfromOxford.

MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.Overthenextyears,hebecameoneofthestaff’smostvaluedcontributors.

Buthewasalsoamystery.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdecline（拒绝）tovisitOxford.Soin1897，MurrayfinallydecidedtotraveltoCrowthornehimself.Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedcellattheBroadmoorAsylum（精神病院）fortheCriminallyInsane.

MurrayandMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.Minorcontinuedcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.MurraycontinuedtovisitMinorregularly,sometimestakingwalkswithhimaroundtheasylumgrounds.

In1910,MinorleftBroadmoorforanasyluminhisnativeAmerica.Murraywasattheporttowavegoodbyetohisremarkablefriend.

Minordiedin1920,sevenyearsbeforethefirsteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionarywascompleted.The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributionsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.

5.Accordingtothetext,thefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary_________.

A.cameoutbeforeminordied

B.waseditedbyanAmericanvolunteer

C.includedtheEnglishwordsinventedbyMurray

D.wasintendedtobethemostambitiousEnglishdictionary

6.HowdidDr.Minorcontributedtothedictionary?

A.HehelpedMurraytofindhundredsofvolunteers.

B.Hesentnewspapers,magazinesandbookstoMurray.

C.Heprovidedagreatnumberofwordsandquotations

D.HewenttoEnglandtoworkwithMurray.

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDr.Minor?

A.BraveanddeterminedB.Cautiousandfriendly

C.ConsiderateandoptimisticD.Unusualandscholarly

8.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.

B.ThefriendshipbetweenMurrayandMinor

C.MinorandthefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary

D.BroadmoorAsylumanditspatients

C

SanFranciscohasitscablecars.SeattlehasitsSpaceNeedle.And,Longviewhasitssquirrelbridge.Thebridge,whichhasattractedinternationalattention,isnowalocallandmark.

TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltin1963byalocalbuilder,AmosPeters,togivesquirrelsawaytocrossthebusyroadwithoutgettingflattenedbypassingcars.

TheoriginalbridgewasbuiltoverOlympiaWayonthewestedgeofthelibrarygrounds.Beforethebridgewasbuilt,squirrelshadtoavoidtraffictoandfromtheParkPlazaofficebuildingwhereofficestaffputoutanuttyfeastforthesquirrels.Manytimes,PetersandotherswhoworkedinandnearParkPlazawitnessedsquirrelsbeingrunover.

OnedayPetersfoundadeadsquirrelwithanutstillinitsmouth,andthatday’scoffeebreakdiscussionturnedintosquirrelsafety.ThegroupofbusinessmencookedupthesquirrelbridgeideaandformedacommitteetoasktheblessingoftheCityCouncil（市政会）.TheCouncilapproved,andCouncilwomanBessLaRivierenamedthebridge“NuttyNarrows.”

Afterarchitectsdesignedthebridge,AmosPetersandBillHutchstartedconstruction.Theybuiltthe60-footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose（消防水带）.Itcost$1,000.

Itdidn’ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrelsusingthebridgestarted.Squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungandteachingthemtheropes.Thestorywaspickedupbythemedia,andNuttyNarrowsbecameknowinnewspapersallovertheworld.

In1983,after20yearsofuse,Peterstookdowntheworn-outbridge.Repairsweremadeandcrosspieceswerereplaced.ThefadedsignwasrepaintedandinJuly1983,hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge.

Petersdiedin1984,andaten-footwoodensquirrelsculpturewasplacednearthebridgeinmemoryofitsbuilderandhisdevotiontotheproject.

9.TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltinorderto________.

A.offersquirrelsaplacetoeatnutsB.setupalocallandmark

C.helpimprovetrafficD.protectsquirrels

10.Whathappenedoverthecoffeebreakdiscussion?

A.ThecommitteegottheCouncil’sblessing.B.Thesquirrelbridgeideawasborn

C.AcouncilwomannamedthebridgeD.Asquirrelwasfounddead.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“teachingthemtheropes”probablymeansinthetext?

A.PassingthemaropeB.Directingthemtostorefoodforwinter

C.TeachingthemalessonD.Showingthemhowtousethebridge.

12.WhatcanwelearnaboutAmosPeters?

A.Heisrememberedforhisloveofanimals.B.Hedonated$1,000tobuildthebridge.

C.HewasamemberoftheCityCouncilD.Hewasawardedamedalforbuildingthebridge.

D

Forthosewhoaretiredofdoingthelaundry（洗衣）,Samsunghasfoundananswer:

awashingmachinethatcantellyouwhenyourlaundryisdonethroughasmartphoneapp（application）.

Strangethoughitmayseem—“mywifealreadydoesthat”wasacommonresponseamongattendeesviewingthedevice（装置）whenitwasintroducedattheConsumerElectronicsShow（CES）thisweek—Samsungisjustoneofmanyappliancemakersracingtoinstall（安装）alargenumberofinternet-connectedfeaturesinmachinesinanefforttomakethem“smart”.

Lastyear,itwasarefrigeratorthattweeted.Thisyear,it’sWi-Fi-enabledlaundrymachinesandfridgesthatcantellyouwhenyourgroceriesaregoingbad.

Thewashersanddryers,availablestartinginthespring,connecttoanysmartphonethroughadownloadableapplication.Thephonecanthenbeusedasaremotecontrol,sothemachinescanbeturnedonandoffwhiletheirownerisatworkoronthebus.

Samsungsaysit’snotjustsomethingnew—theappconnectionactuallyhassomepracticaluses.

“Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhenyoucomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo,”saidspokespersonAmySchmidt.

Thecompanyalsosaysthatwithelectricityrate（电价）varyingdependingonthetimeo