学年甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx

学年甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题.docx

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学年甘肃省甘谷县第一中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题

甘谷一中2017-2018学年第二学期高一期中考试

英语试卷

第一部分

（一）阅读理解（每小题2分，共40分）

A

Childrenwhospendmoretimeoutdoorsmayhavealowerriskofbecomingnearsighted,newresearchsuggests.

Inthestudy,researcherslookedatabout1,900schoolchildren.Thescientistsfoundthatthekidswhohadbeeninstructedtospendmoretimeoutdoorsoverthreeyearswere23percentlesslikelytodevelopnearsightednessduringthistimethanthosewhohadnotbeeninstructedtospendmoretimeoutdoors.Moreover,amongthekidswhodidbecomenearsightedduringthestudy,thedegreetowhichtheireyesightworsenedwasslightlysmalleramongthosewhospentmoretimeoutdoors.

Theresearchersselectedsixschoolsandrequiredthechildren,whoseaverageagewas7atthestartofthestudy,toattendoneadditional60-minuteclassofoutdooractivitiesduringeachschooldayforthreeyears.Theparentsofthesechildrenwerealsoencouragedtoengagetheirchildreninoutdooractivitiesafterschool,especiallyduringweekendsandholidays.Theotherhalfofthechildren,fromanothersixschools,continuedtheirusualactivitypatterns.Afterthreeyears,30.4percentofthekidsintheintervention（干预）grouphadbecomenearsighted,comparedwith38.5percentofthekidsintheothergroup.

Itisnotclearexactlywhyspendingmoretimeoutsidewouldbenefitchildren’seyesight,theresearcherssaid.However,someresearchhassuggestedthatthehigherlevelsoflightintensityfoundoutdoorsmayincreasethereleaseofthechemicaldopamine（多巴胺）oftheeye.Inturn,dopamineisknowntorestrain（抑制）thetypeofgrowthintheeyethatisassociatedwithnearsightedness.

Basedonthenewresults,theresearchersrecommendthatchildrenspendmoretimeoutdoorsbecauseofthepotentialbenefitstotheireyesight.However,it’simportanttoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUVlight,whichcanbedamaging.

1.Whatdidthechildrenintheinventiongroupdoduringeachschoolday?

A.Attendanextraclassofoutdooractivities.

B.Continuetodotheirusualactivities.

C.Spendonehourindoingeyeexercises.

D.Participateinoutdooractivitieswithparents.

2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthechemicaldopamine?

A.Itcancontributetopoorsight.B.Itcandamagepeople’sbrain

C.Itisbeneficialtoeyesight.D.Itmeanslowlevelsoflightintensity.

3.Whatmaybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?

A.Howtodesignoutdooractivitiesforkids.

B.Howtopreventkidsbecomingnearsighted.

C.Howtoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUVlight.

D.Howtoencouragekidstojoininoutdooractivities.

4.Whichcanserveasthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheMoreTimeOutdoors,theBetter

B.KidsMaySeeBetterifTheyPlayOutside

C.It’sTimetoEngageKidsinOutdoorActivities

D.ResearchersFoundaCureforNearsightedness

【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.B

【解析】本文为说明文。

科学研究发现户外活动能减少孩子患近视的概率。

...

1.细节理解题。

根据第三段中的"requiredthechildren...toattendoneadditional60-minuteclassofoutdooractivitiesduringeachschooldayforthreeyears"可知,这一组的孩子在每个教学日都额外的上一节为时一个小时的户外活动课。

故选A。

2.推理判断题。

根据第四段中的"Inturn,dopamineisknowntorestrainthetypeofgrowthintheeyethatisassociatedwithnearsightedness"可知多巴胺对视力是有好处的，故选C。

3.推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句中的"it’simportanttoprotectkids’skinandeyesfromUVlight"可推知,接下来作者很可能会讲怎样保护孩子的皮肤和眼睛免受紫外线的伤害，故选C。

4.主旨大意题。

根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的"Childrenwhospendmoretimeoutdoorsmayhavealowerriskofbecomingnearsighted"可知,本文主要讲的是在户外活动比较多的孩子患近视的概率较小。

故B项最能概括文章的大意。

B

Camelsarelargeanimalslivingindryareas.Therearetwospeciesofcamels;theArabiancamelwithasinglehump（驼背）fromthedrydesertareasofWestAsia,andtheBactriancamelwithtwohumpsfromCentralandEastAsia.Camelsareover7feettallandweighover1,600pounds.Theywillliveupto40to50years.Mostcamelsaredomesticated（驯化）andfedbypeople.Camelsareplant-eaters．

Camelsareverystronganimalswithwide,paddedfeet.Theyhavethickleatherypadsontheirkneesandchest.Camelshavenostrils（鼻孔）thatcanopenandclose,protectingthemfromthedesertenvironment.Bushyeyebrowsandtworowsoflongeyelashesprotecttheireyesfromsand.Theirmouthisextremelytough,allowingcamelstoeatthorny（带刺的）desertplants.Theirwidenedfeethelpthemmovewithoutsinkingintothesand.Theirthickcoatsreflectsunlight,andalsoprotectthemfromtheintenseheatfromdesertsand.Theirlonglegshelpbykeepingthemfurtherfromthehotground.

Camelscangowithoutfoodandwaterfor3to4days.Theydonotstorewaterintheirhumpsasiscommonlybelieved．Thehumpsareactuallyacontaineroffat.Camelsareincrediblywell-adaptedtotheirenvironment.Whenconditionsheatup,camelscanincreasetheirownbodytemperature,whichpreventssweatingandthereforewaterloss.Theymaynotsweatatallduringtheday.

Camelsaresometimescalled“shipsofthedesert”becausepeopleridethemaroundthehot,drydesertsoftheworld.However,thenumberofcamelsisbecomingsmallerforvariousreasons.

5.Accordingtothepassage,camelsusuallylivein________.

A.AsiaB.Africa

C.AmericaD.Australia

6.Paragraph2ismainlyabout________.

A.camelsareusefulanimals

B.camelsarecleveranimals

C.camels’bodystructureandfunction

D.camels’characteristicsandhabits

7.Thereasonwhycamelsloselittlewaterindesertsisthatthey________.

A.getwaterfromgreenfoods

B.canadjusttheirtemperature

C.storeenoughwaterinthehumps

D.canmanagewithoutwater

8.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?

A.Waystoprotectcamels.

B.Habitatsofcamels.

C.Reasonsforraisingcamels.

D.Functionsofcamels.

【答案】5.A6.C7.B8.A

【解析】试题分析：

本文介绍了骆驼，包括居住的地域、种类、身体结构等。

5.A细节理解题。

根据第一段的描述“Therearetwospeciesofcamels;theArabiancamelwithasinglehump（驼背）fromthedrydesertareasofWestAsia,andtheBactriancamelwithtwohumpsfromCentralandEastAsia.”可知，骆驼主要居住在亚洲（西亚、中亚和东亚），故选A。

...

6.C段落大意题。

通读第二段，可看出此段阐述了骆驼的身体结构及功能。

故答案C正确。

7.B细节理解题。

根据第三段中Camelsareincrediblywell-adaptedtotheirenvironment.Whenconditionsheatup,camelscanincreasetheirownbodytemperature,whichpreventssweatingandthereforewaterloss.Theymaynotsweatatallduringtheday.可知，骆驼在沙漠中几乎不失去水分的原因是他们能够调节自身的温度，阻止水分蒸发。

故答案为B。

8.A推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段最后一句However,thenumberofcamelsisbecomingsmallerforvariousreasons.可知，然而，骆驼的数量因为各种原因越来越少；故推断下一段最可能阐述保护骆驼的方法，故答案为A。

考点：

考查科普类短文阅读

【名师点睛】

我们在做阅读理解时，几种阅读方法（泛读，略读，查读）会交叉使用到，具体步骤为：

（1）先精读问题，了解题后做到心中有数。

（2）用目光略读全文，捕捉有关信息。

可利用标题、主题句等。

例如，读记叙文时我们要问5W，即为何（Why）、什么（What）、谁（Who）、何时（When）、何地（Where）、怎样（How）。

例如要找一个人名，我们可以直接找到含有这个人名的句子。

（3）停下来读这个句子。

如果是答案。

我们这个问题就解决了，如果不是，可以继续搜寻查找。

同时注意一些关键的提示词和标点符号。

如本文的21小题Accordingtothepassage,camelsusuallylivein________.我们找到和这个问题相关的信息，很明显，这是第一段所给的，精度第一段里对骆驼居住地的描述，“Therearetwospeciesofcamels;theArabiancamelwithasinglehump（驼背）fromthedrydesertareasofWestAsia,andtheBactriancamelwithtwohumpsfromCentralandEastAsia.”可知，骆驼主要居住在亚洲（西亚、中亚和东亚），故选A。

C

AGuidetotheUniversity

Food

TheTWUCafeteriaisopen7amto8pm．Itservessnacks,drinks,icecreambarsandmeals．YoucanpaywithcashoryourIDcards．YoucanaddmealmoneytoyourIDcardsattheFrontDesk．Evenifyoudonotbuyyourfoodinthecafeteria,youcanusethetablestoeatyourlunch,tohavemeetingsandtostudy.

Ifyouareoncampusintheeveningorlateatnight,youcanbuysnacks,fastfood,anddrinksintheLowerCafélocatedinthebottomleveloftheGouglasCentre．Thisareaisoftenusedforentertainmentsuchasconcerts,gamesorTVwatching.

Relaxation

TheGlobe,locatedinthebottomlevelofMcMillanHall,isavailableforrelaxing,studying,cooking,andeating.Monthlyactivitiesareheldhereforallinternationalstudents.Hoursare10amto10pm,closedonSundays.

Health

LocatedonthetopfloorofDouglasHall,theWellnessCentreiscommittedtophysical,emotionalandsocialhealth.Adoctorandnurseisavailableifyouhavehealthquestionsorneedimmediatemedicalhelporpersonaladvice.Thecostofthisisincludedinyourmedicalinsurance.HoursareMondaytoFriday,9amtonoonand1:

00to4:

30pm.

AcademicSupport

AllstudentshaveaccesstotheWritingCentreontheupperfloorofDouglasHall.Here,qualifiedvolunteerswillworkwithyouonwrittenwork,grammar,vocabulary,andotheracademicskills.Youcansignupforanappointmentonthesign-upsheetoutsidethedoortwo30-minuteappointmentsperweekmaximum．Thisserviceisfree.

Transportation

TheTWUExpressisashuttle（班车）service.Theshuttletransportsstudentsbetweencampusandtheshoppingcenter,leavingfromtheMattsonCentre.Operationhoursarebetween8amand3pm,Saturdaysonly．Roundtripfareis1.

9.WhatcanyoudointheTWUCafeteria?

A.DohomeworkandwatchTV.B.Buydrinksandenjoyconcerts.

C.Havemealsandmeetwithfriends.D.AddmoneytoyourIDandplaychess.

10.Whereandwhencanyoucookyourownfood?

A.TheMcMillanHall,Sunday.B.TheLowerCafé,Sunday.

C.TheTWUCafeteria,Friday.D.TheGlobe,Friday.

11.TheGuidetellsusthattheWellnessCentre_________....

A.isopensixdaysaweekB.givesadviceonmentalhealth

C.trainsstudentsinmedicalcareD.offersservicesfreeofcharge

12.HowcanyouseekhelpfromtheWritingCenter?

A.Byfillinginasign-upform.B.Byapplyingonline.

C.Bycallingthecenter.D.Bygoingtothecenterdirectly.

【答案】9.C10.D11.B12.A

【解析】试题分析：

本文是大学指南，介绍了大学里面的一些服务项目的情况。

一是介绍了自助餐厅、咖啡馆，它们营业的项目及时间、地点等。

二是可以让学生放松娱乐的地方，可以在这里自己做饭，组织一些活动等。

三是关于健康保健卫生，学生可以去咨询有关健康保健的问题。

四是学术支持中心生有什么写作、语法、词汇或其他学术问题可以填表登记预约。

五是学校有班车来回接送学生往来于学校和商场之间，很是方便。

9.C细节理解题。

在TWU的自助餐厅你可以做什么？

根据food部分第一段第二句可知，可以在这里吃饭；根据youcanusethetablestoeatyourlunchtohave