0612年外刊经贸知识选读真题Word下载.docx

0612年外刊经贸知识选读真题Word下载.docx

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A.productsB.sales

C.bonusesD.returns

4.Theworkersdemandedthesamewageandthesametreatment!

Theremustbenodiscrimination.

A.distributionB.prejudice

C.agreementD.performance

5.Victimsoftheworld’slargestindustrialaccidentgot$470millioncompensation.

A.conversationB.payment

C.preparationD.competition

6.SouthKoreaneedsonlysomedegreeofsweatandsomedegreeoftechnologicalsophistication.

A.effortB.water

C.feverD.sweet

7.Expertspredictthatthestockmarketwillremainbuoyant.

A.buyingB.rising

C.decliningD.descending

8.Internationalconditionsforgrowthindevelopingcountriesdeterioratedin1991.

A.betteredB.determined

C.worsenedD.damaged

9.FarfromcapitulatingtothisnewthrustofAmericantradepolicy,Japanistakingastandthatcouldleadtoatrans-Pacificconfrontation.

A.pointB.pressure

C.pullD.priority

10.Measurestoreducecostsarebeginningtotakeeffect.

A.affectallsidesB.producedesiredresults

C.impactcostD.haveinfluence

11.Abusinesstaxcutisneededtospurindustrialinvestment.

A.spreadB.spoilC.stimulateD.spill

12.Iwantedtogoout,butIhadnomoney.Ihadnoalternativebuttostayathome.

A.alternateB.choose

C.alertD.choice

13.Akeyelementofhiseconomicprogramisthepromotionoffreetradeandinvestment.

A.encouragementB.protection

C.excitementD.innovation

14.Speculatorsdesertedthesecurityandbigyieldsaffordedbytheequityandmoneymarkets.

A.stockB.asset

C.equalityD.sales

15.Tradeandinvestmentliberalizationwillaggravatethecompetitiononthedomesticandinternationalmarkets.

A.worldB.foreign

C.localD.abroad

II.TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChinese:

（10%）

16.most-favorednationtreatment

17.tradesurplus

18.hardcurrency

19.mergerofbanks

20.liquidassets

21.ahermitnation

22.tradenegotiation

23.ataroughestimate

24.ChineseExportCommoditiesFair

25.foreignexchangereserves

III.TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoEnglish:

（10%）

26.独家经销合同

27.经常项目

28.清算协议

29.人均收入

30.无壁垒市场

31.双重税

32.房地产

33.试销

34.知识产权

35.商业周期

IV.ReadthefollowingpassagesandanswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

（18%）

Passage1

AclearlyconfidentChinahasrolledupalargesectionofitsbamboocurtain,declareditself“opentotheoutsideworld”andhungsignsonnearlyallitscitiesinvitingforeigninvestorstocomeanddoseriousbusiness.

Forforeigninvestors,theprospectofhavingaccesstoamarketof1.3billionconsumersnolongerseemslikeapipedream.TheChinese－inparticulartheruralpopulation－aregettingricherandnowwantvisibleimprovementstotheirstandardofliving:

theyaspiretoowncolourTVsets,refrigerators,trucks,washingmachinesandbetterradios,bicyclesandclothing.Evenlocalfactoriesaretakingnoteofthevastpotentialsalesintheirowndomesticmarket.

36.Pleaseparaphrase“hasrolledupalargesectionofitsbamboocurtain”inLine1.

37.Whatisimpliedbyusingtheword“better”?

Doesitrefermerelytothequalityofgoodshereorsomethingmore?

38.Whatdo“havingaccessto”and“sales”mean?

Passage2

AmericawantsJapantomeetimporttargetsforsomeAmericangoods.AnunwillingJapanhasdecidedtodrawtheline.

Once,whenJapanfacedpressurefromabroad,itwouldeithergiveinreluctantlyorkeepquietandhopethatthefusswoulddiedown.Nolonger,itseems.TheClintonadministrationstronglybelievesinexertingsuchpressure.ItspolicyistoopensomeJapanesemarkets（whichitdeemstobeclosed）bysettingimporttargets－anapproachtotradepolicythatsupporterscall“result-oriented”.Thisuglytermforeshadowsuncertainconsequences.FarfromcapitulatingtothisnewthrustofAmericantradepolicy,Japanistakingastandthatcouldleadtoatrans-Pacificconfrontation.

39.Pleasegiveasynonymtotheexpression“givein”andexplainthemeaningof“drawtheline”.

40.WhatwouldJapandointhepastwhenforeigncountriesputpressureonitsinternationaltradepolicy?

41.Pleaseparaphrasetheunderlinedsentence“Nolonger,itseems”.

V.Readthefollowingtwopassagesanddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse.MarkTfortrueandFforfalseinthebracketsgiven:

（20%）

Chinaisnowreachingforthenextrungontheeconomicladder.LastfallBeijingagreedtoopenitsmarketstomoreU.S.goods,includingeverythingfromPolaroidfilmtoautomobiles.Inreturn,WashingtonwouldsupportChina’smembershipintheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade.Membershipinthisclub,whichincludesalltheworld’sleadingeconomies,couldprovideahugeboostforalow-wageexporteconomy.Alreadythough,China’scommercialstrengthisstartingtoworrycompetitors.LastyearChina’stradesurplussurged,buoyedbyexportsoftoys,textilesandconsumerelectronics.ItstradesurpluswiththeUnitedStateshitarecord$18billion.OnlyJapan’swaslarger.WiththeU.S.CongressduetoconsidertherenewalofChina’smost-favorednationtradestatusinJune,officialsinBeijingfearthetradeimbalancecouldsurpasshumanrightsasasourceofU.S.oppositiontopreferredstatusforChina.“ThetradesurplusitselfwillbetheNo.1problemthisyear,”saysoneChineseofficial.“AfterJapan,we’llbefirstinlineforretaliation.”

Statements:

42.China’stradesurplus,mainlyfromexportsoftoys,textilesandconsumerelectronics,decreasedlastyear.

43.ThestrategyofopeningmarketstomoreU.S.goodsisadoptedbyChineseleadersinthehopeofobtainingWashington’ssupportinwinningbackChina’smembershipinGATT.

44.ChinabecamethecountrywhichheldthelargesttradesurpluswiththeU.S.lastyear.

45.Inthepast,thetradeimbalancewasregardedasthemoreimportantsourceofU.S.oppositiontopreferredstatusforChinathanhumanrights.

46.OfficialsinBeijingattachmuchimportancetothetradesurplus.

Nikeistheworld’slargestsupplierofathleticfootwearandamongthemostsuccessfulconsumer-productscompaniestohaveemergedinthepast20years.Partofthatsuccesshascomeaboutbypayingrock-bottomwagestotheworkerswhomaketheshoes.Allbut1%ofthe90millionshoesNikemakeseachyeararemanufacturedinAsia.

NikeisasAmericanasCoca-cola.PartofitsappealtothemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldwhobuyitsathleticshoesisthatNikeissellingasenseoffreedom.“Justdoit!

”exultNike’sadvertisements.

Butthereisaroughsidetothisdream:

theruthlessnesswithwhichNikeparesitscosts.Thecompanyisforeveronthelook-outforcheapproductionsites.Ifcostsinaparticularcountryorfactorymovetoofaroutofline,productivitywillhavetorisetocompensate,orNikewilltakeitsbusinesselsewhere.Thefirmusesabout40factories;

20haveclosedinthepastfiveyearsorsoandanother35haveopened.

Nikemaylooklikeanall-Americanenterprise,butitssuccessreliesonitsabilitytoharnessAsia’sspectacularmanufacturingexpertise.“We’realwayslookingfornewmanufacturingsources,”saysNike’svice-presidentforproduction.“Peopleaskwhywedon’tproducemoreinEasternEurope,butwe’veconcludedthatthemostcapablemanufacturersareinAsia.”

TheorganizationofNikeissimpleandeffective.Alltheproductionriskistakenbycontractors.“Wedon’tknowthefirstthingaboutmanufacturing,”saysNike’svice-presidentforAsia-Pacific.“Wearemarketersanddesigners.”Therearetheareasonwhichitconcentratesitsresources.Yetitretainstheadvantagesoffirmswhichproducein-house,namelyahighdegreeofcontroloverqualityandtheabilitytorespondrapidlytochangingtastes.

Untilrecently,almostallNike’sshoesweremadeinSouthKoreaandTaiwan,butaslaborcoststherehavesoared,thefirm’scontractorsinthesetwoareashavemovedmuchoftheirproductiontocheapersitesinIndonesiaandThailand.

47.ThemostimportantingredientofNike’ssuccessisgivingpeopleasenseoffreedom.

48.ThequantityofshoesNikemanufacturesinAsiaeachyearisabout90million.

49.Asalltheproductionriskistakenbycontractors,Nike’smainconcentrationisonmarketinganddesigning.

50.NikepreferstoproduceinAsiaratherthaninEasternEuropebecausetheythinktheAsianmarketisbiggerthanEasternEurope’s.

51.Tokeepcostslow,Nike’smostimportantstrategyistoproduceincountrieswherelaborcostsarestilllow.

VI.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:

（12%）

52.Inmattersrelatingtotheenvironment,theUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment,heldinJune1992,producedan“EarthCharter,”ordeclarationofbasicprinciplesfortheconductofnationsandpeopleswithrespecttoenvironmentanddevelopment;

agreementsonspecificlegalmeasures,includingconventionsonclimatechangeandbiodiversity,andprinciplesforaframeworkagreementonforests;

andanagendaforaction.

全国2006年7月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题

一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）

1.ThepatternofChina’sforeigntradehaschangedgreatlysinc