高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习10阅读理解细节理解二0926157.docx
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高考英语一轮复习分块专项练习10阅读理解细节理解二0926157
阅读理解：
细节理解
（二）
A
Takingashowerisrelaxing.Youcanhumasong,daydreamorthinkaboutnothing,leavingtherealworldbehindyou.Butdidyouknowthatshoweringcanalsobenefityourmind?
AresearchbyScottBarryKaufman,apsychologistfromYaleUniversityintheU．S.interviewedover3,000peoplearoundtheworld.Itturnedoutthatnearlytwothirdsoftheintervieweessaidtheyhadexperiencednewideasintheshowerandweremorelikelytohavethemintheshowerthanatwork.
Sowhydoesasimpleshowerhavesuchmagicpower?
Sciencecanexplainit.
Showeringcanhelptoraiseourlevelofdopamine,ahormone（荷尔蒙）closelyrelatedtoourcreativity.“Peoplevaryintermsoftheirlevelofcreativityaccordingtotheactivityofdopamine，”explainedAliceFlaherty,afamousAmericanneuroscientist.“Takingawarmshowercanmakeusfeelrelaxedandthereforemakethedopaminelevelriseandbring‘Aha！
’momenttous.”
Besidesthechemicalchanges,showeringmaygiveyouabreakfromwhatyoufeelyouhavebeenstuckwith.Especiallywhenyouhavethoughthardalldayaboutaproblem,jumpingintotheshowercankeepyoufromtheoutsideworldsothatyoucanfocusonyourinnerfeelingsandmemories.Inthisway,accordingtoAmericanpsychologistShelleyH.Carson,authorofYourCreativeBrain,“Ashoweringhourmayturnintoan‘incubation（孵化）period’foryourideas.”
Comparedwithsittinginfrontofacomputer,takingashowerissomethingwedolessfrequentlyinourdailylife.Whenshowering,wegetafreshexperiencewiththechangeoflocation,temperatureandhumidity.“Newandunexpectedexperiencescanleadtopositivechangesinthinking，”explainedKaufman.“Gettingoffthecouchandjumpingintheshowermaycreateadistanceandforceyoutothinkfromanewpointofview.”
Showeringallowsustoenjoythecreativejuicesofourminds,butitneedn'tjustbethebathroomwhereyougetyourinspiration.Forinstance,GertrudeStein,afemaleAmericanwriterandpoet,gotnewideasbydrivingaroundafarmandstoppingatdifferentcowsuntilshefoundtheonethatmostinspiredher.Sotrytocreateyourownwaytofreeyourmind.
1．Accordingtothearticle,whatchangescanshoweringcause?
A．Bringingtheterriblemomenttous.
B．Settingthecreativepartofthebrainfree.
C．Leadingtoboredomortiredness.
D．Increasingthelevelofdopamine.
解析：
选D 细节理解题。
根据第四段第一句“Showeringcanhelptoraiseourlevelofdopamine...”可知，淋浴能够使多巴胺的数值升高。
故选D项。
2．Ifonehasfocusedonsomethingallday,showeringcanhelp________.
A．turnone'sattentioninward
B．drawone'sattentiontotheoutsideworld
C．makeanimportantbreakthrough
D．manychemicalchangestotakeplace
解析：
选A 细节理解题。
根据第五段第二句“Especiallywhenyouhavethoughthard...yourinnerfeelingsandmemories.”可知，淋浴可以使人将注意力转向内心。
故选A项。
3．AccordingtoKaufman,whycantakingshowersmakeuscreative?
A．Becausetakingshowershappensmoreoften.
B．Becausetakingshowerscanmakeusacquireafreshexperience,inspiringus.
C．Becausenothingbuttakingshowerscangetourinspiration.
D．Becausetakingshowerscanhelpustrysomethingunexpected.
解析：
选B 细节理解题。
根据第六段中的“Whenshowering,wegetafreshexperience”及“leadtopositivechangesinthinking”，再结合最后一段的描述可知，淋浴可以帮助我们获得新的体验、赋予我们灵感，故选B项。
4．TheexampleofGertrudeSteininthelastparagraphisusedto________.
A．encouragereaderstofindtheirownwaysofgettinginspiration
B．pointouttoreadersthatit'shardtogetinspiration
C．explainhowtolinkinspirationwithreaders'dailylives
D．showthatcreativityoftencomesfromstrangeplaces
解析：
选A 推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“butitneedn'tjustbethebathroomwhereyougetyourinspiration”及最后一句“Sotrytocreateyourownwaytofreeyourmind.”可以判断，举该例是为了鼓励读者寻找适合自己的获得灵感的方式。
故选A项。
B
（2018·广西桂林十八中模拟）Noonecandenythatbuttonsareanimportantclothingdevice.But,cantheyrisetothelevelofart?
OrganizersofanexhibitinNewYorkCitythinkso.
PeterSouleoWrightorganized“TheButtonShow”atRushArtsGalleryintheChelseaneighborhoodofManhattan.Elevenartistsusedthesmall,ordinaryobjectstocreatesculptures,portraitsandwearableart.Someoftheworksarepolitical,somearepersonalandothersarejustfun.
Wrightsaideachartistreimaginesandrepurposesthebuttonstomakeart.“WhatItriedtodowiththisshow，”hesaid,“wastolookatartistswhowerepromotingthatlevelofcraft.”
Hesaidhewantedthebuttonarttobecomparabletoapainting“becauseoftheamountofdetailandprecisioninthework”．
ArtistBeauMcCallproduced“AHarlemHangover”.Itlookslikeawinebottlethatfelloveronatable.Astreamofconnectedredbuttonshangovertheside,likewineflowingdown.Similarredbuttonsformasmallpoolonthefloor.
McCalllayersbuttonsofdifferentshapesandsizestocreatethebottle.Thestitchingthatholdsthemtogetherisalsopartoftheartisticdesign.
ForSanFranciscobasedartistLisaKokin,buttonsarehighlypersonal.Afterherfatherdiedin2001,shecreatedaportraitofhimusingonlybuttons.Thatmemorialtoherfatherledtootherbuttonportraits,includingthoseofactivistsRosaParksandCesarChavez.
Othersusebuttonsfordetails.ArtistAmaliaAmakiofTuscaloosa,Alabama,placedthemonandaroundoldphotographs.LosAngelesartistCamillaTaylorattachedbuttonstothreelargesculpturesthatlooklikeheadlessanimalswithlong,narrowlegs.
“TheButtonShow”endsatMarch12.TheRushPhilanthropicArtsFoundationpaidfortheexhibition.Thefoundationwascreatedin1995bytheSimmonsbrothers:
artistDanny,hiphopproducerRussellandrapperReverendRun.Thefoundationseekstobringtheartiststourbanyouthandtoprovidesupportfornewartists.
语篇解读：
文章介绍了纽约艺术家们组织的一场特殊的纽扣展览，在展览中人们见到了许多有创意的艺术品。
1．WhydidWrightorganize“TheButtonShow”？
A．Toshowtheimportanceofbuttons.
B．Tosupportthenewartists.
C．Toraisethebuttonshowtothelevelofart.
D．Tocreatesculpturesandportraits.
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据第一段最后两句“But,cantheyrisetothelevelofart?
OrganizersofanexhibitinNewYorkCitythinkso.”和第二段中的“PeterSouleoWrightorganized‘TheButtonShow’”可知，赖特组织“纽扣展”的目的是将纽扣展上升到艺术水平。
故选C项。
2．Whoseworksarepersonal?
A．PeterSouleoWright.B．BeauMcCall.
C．LisaKokin.D．AmaliaAmaki.
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据倒数第三段第一句“ForSanFranciscobasedartistLisaKokin,buttonsarehighlypersonal.”可知，对于莉萨·科金来说纽扣是高度私人化的东西。
故选C项。
3．Ifyouwanttosee“TheButtonShow”，youshould________.
A．buyticketsbeforeMarch12
B．phonePeterSouleoWrightbeforeMarch12
C．gotoRushArtsGallery
D．gototheRushPhilanthropicArtsFoundation
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据第二段第一句“PeterSouleoWrightorganized‘TheButtonShow’atRushArtsGalleryintheChelseaneighborhoodofManhattan.”可知，赖特组织的纽扣展是在RushArtsGallery。
故选C项。
C
Tousitseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains,butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainsttherain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun!
Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChineseinthe11thcenturyBC.
WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:
itbecameasymbolofhonor.IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighoffice.
InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.AndtheumbrellawascommonlyusedinancientGreece.ButitisbelievedthatthefirstpersonsinEuropetousetheumbrellaasprotectionagainsttherainweretheancientRomans.
DuringtheMiddleAges,theuseofumbrellapracticallydisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelate16thcentury.Andagainitwasconsideredasasymbolofpower.By1680,theumbrellaappearedinFranceandlaterinEngland.
Bythe18thcentury,theumbrellawasusedagainstrainthroughoutmostofEurope.
Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen'sumbrellasbegantobemade,inawholevarietyofcolors.
篇章导读：
本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了伞最初产生时的用途以及其后来的演变。
1．Accordingtothispassage,theumbrellawasprobablyfirstinventedinancient________.
A．ChinaB．Egypt
C．GreeceD．Rome
答案：
A 细节理解题。
根据文章第二段第二句可判断伞最初或许是在中国产生的。
2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheumbrella?
A．Nooneexactlyknowswhotheinventoroftheumbrellawas.
B．Theumbrellawasfirstinventedtobeusedasprotectionagainstthesun.
C．Theumbrellachangedmuchinstyleinthe18thcentury.
D．InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellaasasunshade.
答案：
C 细节理解题。
根据文章倒数第一段中的“Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime”可知，一直以来，伞在风格上没有什么大的变化。
3．Astrangefeatureoftheumbrella'suseisthatitwasusedas________.
A．protectionagainstrain
B．ashadeagainstthesun
C．asymbolofhonorandpower
D．women'sdecoration
答案：
C 细节理解题。
根据文章第三段第二句“Andtherewasastrangething...asymbolofhonor.”和最后一句“...onlybythoseinhighoffice.”可判断出答案。
D
Dujiangyanistheoldestmanmadewatersystemintheworld,andawonderinthedevelopmentofChinesescience.Builtover2,200yearsagoinwhatisnowSichuanProvinceinSouthwestChina,thisamazingengineeringachievementisstillusedtodaytoirrigateover6,000squarekilometresoffarmland,takeawayfloodwaterandprovidewaterfor50citiesintheprovince.
Inancienttimes,theregioninwhichDujiangyannowstandssufferedfromregularfloodscausedbyoverflowfromtheMinjiangRiver.Tohelpthevictimsoftheflooding,LiBing,theregion'sgovernor,togetherwithhisson,decidedtofindasolution.Theystudiedtheproblemanddiscoveredt
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