届浙江省温州市高考前最后一次模拟考英语试题带答案解析.docx

届浙江省温州市高考前最后一次模拟考英语试题带答案解析.docx

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届浙江省温州市高考前最后一次模拟考英语试题带答案解析

2019届浙江省温州市高考前最后一次模拟考

英语试题

第I卷（选择题）

评卷人

得分

一、阅读理解

It'satragedy（悲剧）thatcouldbeavoided:

everyyear,morethan400peopleinBritaindiewhilewaitingforareplacementorganfortheirbodies.Althoughorgantransplants（器官移植）havebeensavinglivesformorethan60years,therightbodypartisoftennotavailableattherighttimesimplybecausenotenoughpeoplechoosetobedonors.Shouldpeoplethereforeberequiredtoallowtheirorganstobeusedbyothersafterdeath?

TheBritishMedicalAssociation（BMA）,whichrepresentsdoctorsinBritain,saysyes.Asystemof"presumedconsent（默许）"wouldautomaticallymakeeveryoneovertheageof16anorgandonor.Individualswouldbeallowedtoputout,thatistosay,decidenottobeanorgandonor,ifthat'swhattheyprefer.TheBMApointstomuchhigherorgandonationratesincountriesthathaveopt-outsystems,suchasSpain,Belgium,AustriaandtheCzechRepublic.

England'schiefmedicalofficer,SirLiamDonaldson,alsowantstochangetheorgan-donorsystemfromopt-intoopt-out.Allofthissoundslikeverygoodnewsforthe7,500peopleintheUKwhoarewaitingfortransplantsofcriticalorgans,tissues,skinandbones.

Britain'sNationalHealthService（NHS）recentlycounts14.3millionorgandonorsonalistwhichbeganin1994.Noteveryonewantstoparticipate,however,accordingtotheNHS,90percentoftheBritishstronglysupportorgandonation,butonly23percentareontheorgan-donorlist.

Whythediscrepancy（差异）?

Onereasonisthatorgandonationisapersonalmatter.Anotherreasonmaybeindecision:

whenfamiliesarenotsureaboutadeadrelative'swishes,40percentdecidenottodonatehisorherorgans.Interestingly,religionhaslittletodowithadecisionnottodonate.AllsixofthemainreligionsinBritainsupportorgandonationandtransplantation.

Thegovernmentdecidedin2018howthesystemoforgandonationshouldwork---withoutapolicyofpresumedconsent.Opinionamongmembersofparliament（议会）continuestobedivided;butthetragedygoeson:

asthingsarenow,onein10Britonsinneedofanorganwillnevergetone.

1．WhatdoesthetragedyinPara.1referto?

A．Peoplearerequiredtobeorgandonors.

B．Organtransplantscouldsavelivesformorethan60years.

C．Moreandmoredonors'organsarenotproperforoperation.

D．Manypatientshavetodiebecauseofnoreplacementorgan.

2．AccordingtoPara.4,mostBritishpeople______.

A．supportorgandonationwithoutactionB．wanttoparticipateinorgandonation

C．arewillingtodonatetheirorgansD．don'tlikeNHS'activity

3．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Analyzingthetragedyoforgandonation.

B．Persuadingpeopletosupportorgandonation.

C．Praisingthosepeoplewhodonatetheirorgans.

D．Listinggovernment'smeasuresonorgandonation.

Whenshewasstudyingtobecomeascientist,MeganStraussrodeinasmallairplanetostudygiraffes.WhileapilotflewovertheSerengetiinTanzania,Africa,theresearcherslookeddowncarefullyandcountedgiraffes.

"Iamalwaysamazedhoweasilywecanspotwarthogsandothersmallanimals,yetwesometimeshavetroubleseeinggiraffes.Giraffesareslenderinshape,andtheymaynotthrowagoodshadow,"saysDr.Strauss,whohassincebecomeawildlifescientist.

TheSerengetiisaboutthesizeofVermont,astateinthenortheasternUS,sothescientistscouldnotstudytheentirearea.Instead,theysurveyedthreeareaswheregiraffeswerestudiedinthe1970s.Astheyexpected,theysawfarfeweroftheseanimals.

Tofindoutiflionshadbeenkillingmoregiraffesinrecentyears,theteamlookedatthesurvivalofyounggiraffes.Lionskillmoreyounggiraffesthanadults,buttheteamfoundnodecreaseinyounggiraffes'survivalaftertheyareborn,comparedwiththe1970s.

Theteamthenlookedatwhethertoomanygiraffeswerebeingkilledbyparasites（寄生虫）.Theresearcherscountedparasiteeggsingiraffedroppings,andtheyfoundtoofewtoharmthegiraffepopulation.

Theylookedintowhetherpoachers（盗猎者）werekillingtoomanygiraffes.Twooftheareastheystudiedarewheregiraffemeatissometimessoldinlocalmarkets.Poacherscatchmoreadultmalesthanothergiraffes.Researchersspottedtoofewmalescomparedwithfemalesinthosetwoareas,asignofpoaching.

Whenthefoodsupplyisshort,theenvironmentsupportsfewergiraffesandthefemaleshavefeweryounggiraffes.AlotofnewtreeshavegrownintheSerengeti,butmanyareatypethatgiraffesdonotliketoeat.Theresearchersfoundfeweryounggiraffestodaythaninthe1970scomparedwiththenumberofadultfemales,asignthatfoodwasinshortsupply.

Dr.StraussisworkingonanenvironmentaleducationprogramforTanzaniaincludingbooksforstudents.ThesematerialswilleducateTanzaniansandhelpthemtohelpgiraffes.Asknowledgegrowsandchangesaremade,theyhopethegiraffepopulationwillincrease.

4．WhatdidDr.StraussfindwhilestudyinggiraffesintheSerengeti?

A．Itwastoocostlytostudygiraffes.

B．Itwashardtospotgiraffesfromtheair.

C．Thenumberofgiraffeshadincreasedslowly.

D．Giraffeslivedinsmallerareasthaninthe1970s.

5．Howdidtheteamstudythelion-girafferelationship?

A．Byanalyzinggiraffedroppings.

B．Bycomparingyounggiraffeswithadults.

C．Bycomparingmalegiraffesandfemales.

D．Bysurveyingthesurvivalofyounggiraffes.

6．WhatisDr.Straussdoingtohelpgiraffes?

A．SheisfoundinganationalparkinTanzania.

B．SheiscountinggiraffesintheentireSerengeti.

C．Sheiseducatingstudentstowriteaboutgiraffes.

D．Sheisraisingenvironmentalawarenessinlocalpeople.

Itbeganasagame:

Highschoolandcollegestudentsstudyingcomputertechnologyfiguredouttheycouldusepersonalcomputerstobreakintotelephonecompanycomputersandmakefree,long-distancetelephonecalls.Theseyoungcomputertalentssoongainedthename"hackers".

Policearrestedafewhackers,butmanywentontoevenmorecomplexhacking.Oneofthemwasarrestedformakingillegaltelephonecallsandlaterheusedaphonetochangeapoliceofficer'screditrecordstogetbackattheofficerforarrestinghim.Healsousedacomputertochangehiscollegerecordstogivehimselfbettergrades.

Ashackersgainedexperience,theybeganinvadingcomputersatbanks,airlinesandotherbusinesses.Inonecaseahackerinstructedanairline'scomputertogivehimfreeairplanetickets.

TheU.S.governmentisworriedthathackersmaybreakintoitsnetworksofdefensecomputers.Thegovernment'ssecretsareeasilyattackedbecausethousandsofgovernmentcomputersareconnectedbytelephonelinesthathackerscangetinto.

InNovember1988,acollegestudententeredaU.S.DefenseDepartmentcomputernetworkcalledArpanet.ThehackerinjectedacomputerprogramthatmadecopiesofitselfthroughoutArpanet.Somehackersusevirusestodestroyallthedatainacomputer.Butinthiscase,governmentofficialsshutdownthenetworkbeforetheprogramreachedeverycomputerinthesystem.Shuttingdownthesystemangeredmanyresearcherswhowereusingthecomputers.Thehackerturnedhimselfintothepoliceandhewaschargedwithacrime.

TheincidentputthespotlightoncomputerhackingintheUnitedStates.Manycompanieshavehiredexpertstoprotecttheircomputersfromhackers,andmanycomputerexpertsnowadvisecompaniesonhowtoprotecttheircomputers.

TheU.S.governmentbelievesforeigngovernmentshavehiredhackerstotrytobreakintotop-secretdefensecomputers.

Expertsdisagreeoverwhetheracomputernetworkcaneverbesafefromhacking.Butinthefuture,someofthemostoutstandingmindsintheU.S.willbeworkingtofrustratetheattemptsofcomputerhackers.

7．Whatdidthefirsthackersdo?

A．Theybrokeintogovernmentcomputers.B．Theydestroyedairplaneticketsystems.

C．Theyplayedcomputergames.D．Theymadefreephonecalls.

8．WhycanU.S.governmentcomputersbeeasilyhackedinto?

A．Theyhavenodefensesystems.B．Theyareconnectedbytelephonelines.

C．Theyarepartlyaccessibletothepublic.D．Theylackcomplexprocessingprograms.

9．WhathappenedtothegovernmentcomputersinNovember1988?

A．Theylostalloftheimportantdata.

B．Theywereshutdownbyresearchers.

C．Theywereinvadedbyacollegestudent.

D．Theygottotallyruinedbyacomputerprogram.

10．Whatdidcompaniesdecidetodotoprotecttheircomputersystems?

A．Employcomputertalents.B．Buildsecretdefensesystems.

C．Askthegovernmentforhelp.D．Collectandanalyzethedataofhackers.

评卷人

得分

二、完形填空

11-year-oldTJhadjustjumpedoffthescooter（滑板车）ashisneighborKim,aged7,andhersisterJulie,9,lookedon.Thatwas11amanwithmessyhairappeared.Withoutaword,hepickedKimupand12walkedaway.

Heheldherlikeababy.13,thecalmwaythemanheldKimmadeTJbelievehemusthavebeena14.Buteventuallysomethingwasnot15.TJcouldseeKim'sface—shewasscared.Herfearturnedinto16,thenbeggingforhelp.Shebegankickingandtryingto17theman'sarms."Whatareyoudoing?

"Julie18.Buttheman,undisturbed,walkedalongtheblockuntilhereachedanalleyand19.

TJ'sfirst20wastofollowthem.Buthowcouldan11-year-oldkid21agrownman?

Soherantohisgrown-upneighbors'homeandshouted，"Aman22pickedupalittlegirlandtookherintothealley!

"TheninstantlyTJwasgone,backonthestreet4823hislittlefriend.

OnceTJ24thealley,herecognizedtheman,standinginfrontofanabandonedhouse.Hewaspushingthe25girlthroughawindow.Fortunately,Julieandotherneighbors,thepoliceandthemotherofthevictimsoonarrived26tosavethegirl.Kimdashedintohermo