山东省临沂市中考英语试题含参考解析Word格式文档下载.docx
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8.A.Helikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.
B.Helikesmusicianswhowritetheirownsongs.
C.Helikesmusicianswhoplayquietandslowsongs.
9.A.It’sonthetopofthefridge.
B.It’sonthetablebythedoor.
C.It’sinSusansschoolbag.
10.A.Sheiswalkingacrossthefields.
B.Sheisswimminginthepool.
C.Sheisplayingtenniswithherfriend.
(三)(2018·
山东临沂)听短文,根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误,正确的用“A”表示,不正确的用“B”表示.短文读两遍.听短文前,你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子.
11.Intheforest,oneredwood(红杉)treewas70meterstalland1000yearsold.
12.WhenJulialivedinthetree-house,herfamilycookedfoodforhereveryday.
13.Juliausedhermobilephonetotalktonewsreporterswhenshewasinthetree.
14.Intheend.Juliafailedandtheredwoodtreewascutdown.
15.Finally,Juliastayedinthetreeforeightdays.
请考生们翻到第7页,先找到第四大题.你们将有5秒钟的准备时间.
二、单项填空(共15小题,计15分)
选择最佳答案.
(2018·
山东临沂)16.Thebedpianoallowsamusiclovertoplay______pianowhileheislyinginbed.
A.aB.an
C./D.the
16.D考查冠词的用法.句意:
钢琴床允许音乐爱好者躺在床上的时候,弹奏钢琴.play后跟乐器,乐器前用定冠词the.
山东临沂)17.Didyoureadyourfavoritebooks_____April23?
ItwasWorldBookDay.
A.forB.at
C.onD.in
17.C考查介词的用法.句意:
你在四月二十三,你读了你最喜欢的书了吗?
那天是世界读书日.在某一天前用介词on.
山东临沂)18.Wecouldn’tbuyanythingbecause______oftheshopswereopen.
A.allB.both
C.nothingD.none
18.C考查不定代词的辨析.句意:
我们不能买任何东西,因为没有一家商店是开门的.all表示“三者或三者以上都”;
both表示“两者都”,nothing表示“什么也没有”,none表示“三者或三者以上没有一个”.根据句意表示“三者以上都不”,故选D.
山东临沂)19.Couldyoupleasespeakalittlelouder?
I______hearyouverywell.
A.can’tB.mustn’t
C.shouldn’tD.needn’t
19.A考查情态动词的辨析.句意:
请你说大点声好吗?
我不能很好地听到你说的话.can'
t不能;
mustn'
t禁止;
不允许;
shouldn’t不应该;
needn’t不需要.根据语境表示“不能够”.故选A.
山东临沂)20.Jane_______tocallmelastnight,butshedidn’t.
A.supposedB.supposes
C.wassupposedD.issuppose
20.C考查被动语态.句意:
詹妮昨天晚上应该打电话给我的,但不她没有.besupposedto意为“应该;
被期望”.由下文语境“她没打电话”可知是“应该”.
山东临沂)21.They______aboutacomedythistimeyesterday.
A.weretalkingB.aretalking
C.havetalkedD.willtalk
21.A考查动词的时态.句意:
昨天这个时候,他们正在谈论一个喜剧片.由时间状语thistimeyesterday和句意可知谓语动词用过去进行时,表示“过去正在发生的动作”.故选A.
山东临沂)22.Ofalltheblueholesintheworld,SanshaYongleBlueHoleintheSouthChinaSeaisnow_______.Itis300.89metersdeep.
A.deeperB.verydeep
C.asdeepasD.thedeepest
22.D考查形容词的最高级.句意:
在世界上所有海洋蓝洞中,中国南海三沙永乐龙洞是最深的.它300.89米深.由ofall和intheworld表示范围的词及句意可知此处用形容词的最高级.
山东临沂)23.Ididn’tseeyou______in.Youmusthavebeenveryquiet.
A.comesB.tocome
C.comeD.havecome
23.C考查非谓语动词.句意:
我没有见你进来,你一定是悄悄地进来的.分析句子结构此处填非谓语动词形式,seesb.dosth.意为“看见了某人做某事”.故选C.
山东临沂)24.Whenyouareinyourschooldininghallduringlunchtime,youmayfeellonely_______youcanfindsomeonetohavelunchwith.
A.ifB.unless
C.afterD.because
24.CB考查连词用法辨析.句意:
当在午饭时你在学校餐厅时,除非你发现有人和你一起吃午饭,否则你可能感到孤独.分析句子结构前后句是条件关系,if不符合句意,故选B.
山东临沂)25.TheTVnewsreportsthatthere________astormthedayaftertomorrow
A.isB.was
C.willbeD.hasbe
25.C考查动词时态.句意:
电视新闻报道称,后天将有暴雨.由时间状语thedayaftertomorrow判定谓语动词用一般将来时.故选C.
山东临沂)26.AprimaryschoolinEnglandhas______signsatitsthreeentrances(入口),saying:
Greetyourchildwithasmile,notamobile.
A.putintoB.putoff
C.putonD.putup
26.D考查动词短语辨析.句意:
英国小学在三个入口处_______指示牌,上面写着:
笑迎孩子,而不是盯着手机.putinto把……放入;
putoff推迟;
puton穿上;
增加(体重);
putup张贴.根据语境signs可知是“张贴指示牌”.故选D.
山东临沂)27.Mygrandparentslikestories________havehappyendings.
A.theyB.who
C.whichD./
27.C考查定语从句.句意:
我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事.分析句子结构stories是先行词,表示物,用关系代词which.故选C.
山东临沂)28.MostBritishpeopledrinkteaeveryday_______theypreferblacktea.Theyusuallyaddmilkorsugartotheirtea.
A.soB.or
C.butD.and
28.C考查连词辨析.句意:
大部分英国人每天喝茶,但他们更喜欢喝红茶,他们通常在他们的茶里加牛奶和糖.根据句意表示转折关系,故选C.
山东临沂)29._______popularfestivalHalloweenisinNorthAmerica!
A.WhatB.Whata
C.HowD.Howa
29.B考查感叹句.句意:
在北美万圣节是一个多么受欢迎的节日啊!
分析句子结构此处强调的是可数名词festival,故选B.
山东临沂)30.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme_______fromheretotheairport?
—Sure,It’sabout100kilometers.
A.howfaritisB.howlongittakes
C.howfarisitD.howlongdoesittake
30.A考查宾语从句.句意:
——请问,请你告诉我从这儿到飞机场多远?
——可以,大约100公里.分析句子结构可知是宾语从句,由宾语从句用陈述语序,排除选项C、D.根据答语可知是询问的距离,故选A.
三、阅读理解(共25小题,计25分)
A
(2018·
山东临沂)Peoplealreadyknowalotaboutanimals.However,therearestillsomethingsaboutanimalsthatmaysurpriseyou.Herearesomefactsaboutanimalsyouprobablydidn’tknow.
Cowsdohavebestfriendsandfeelstressedwhentheyareseparated.Scientistshavefoundthatcowsareverysocialanimalsandacowalwaysmakesfriendswithothercows.Whenacowiswithitsfriends,itfeelsrelaxed,comparedwithwhenitisalone.
Duringbreedingseason,amalepenguin(企鹅)willofferasmallstonetoafemalepenguinasagift.Ifshetakesit,theywillbecomepartners.Whenthefemalepenguinlaysanegg,sheandherpartnermaycarryitontheirfeet,becausesomepenguinsdon’tbuildnests(鸟巢).
Crocodiles(鳄鱼)swallow(吞)stones.Crocodilesalwaysswallowtheirfoodinsteadofeatingitlikeotheranimals.Theyswallowstoneswhichbreakthefoodintoverysmallpiecesintheirstomachs.Thesestonesmaystayintheirstomachsalltheirlives.
Elephantsuseplantstotreatpainorotherillness.Scientistsoncefoundapregnant(怀孕的)elephantinAfricawhoateakindofplantwhichwasnotpartofhernormalfood.Fourdayslater,shegavebirthtoababyelephant.Thesameplantwasusedbythelocalpregnantwomen.
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误.正确的用“A”表示,不正确的用“B”表示.
31.Acowhatesmakingfriendswithothercows.
32.Allthemalepenguinswillbuildnestsifthefemalepenguinslayeggs.
33.Crocodilesswallowstonestohelpwithdigestion(消化).
34.Elephantseatplantsonlywhentheyarehungry.
35.Thepassagemainlytellsussomesurprisingfactsaboutanimals.
体裁
说明文
话题
动物
词数
224
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了四种动物牛、企鹅、鳄鱼和大象一些不被人所知的生活习性.
31.B细节理解题.根据第二段第二句Scientistshavefoundthatcowsareverysocialanimalsandacowalwaysmakesfriendswithothercows.可判定,科学家发现牛喜欢与其它牛交朋友.故本句与原文事实不符.
32.B细节理解题.根据第三段第三句Whenthefemalepenguinlaysanegg,sheandherpartnermaycarryitontheirfeet,becausesomepenguinsdon’tbuildnests(鸟巢).可知,并不是所有的企鹅将为筑巢.
33.A细节理解题.根据第四段第三句Theyswallowstoneswhichbreakthefoodintoverysmallpiecesintheirstomachs.可知,它们吞石头是为了把在它们肚子里的食物变小,从而帮助它们消化.故本句与文章事实相符.
34.B细节理解题.根据第五段第一句Elephantsuseplantstotreatpainorotherillness.可知,大象吃植物是为了止痛或治病.故本句与文章事实不符.
35.A主旨大意题.根据第一段最后一句Herearesomefactsaboutanimalsyouprobablydidn’tknow.可知,本文主要介绍了动物的一些不被人知(令人惊讶的)情况.
B
山东临沂)Whatwasdiscoveredbyaccident?
Theanswerispenicillin(青霉素).Itkillsgerms.Bykillinggerms,itsaveslives.Supposeyouaresick.Yougotoadoctor.Sheexaminesyou.Shesaysyouhavea“staph”infection(葡萄球菌感染).Shegivesyousomemedicine.Youtakeit.Themedicineknocksoutthestaph.Soonyouarewell.Beforepenicillin,thiswouldnothappen.Staphwasalmostsuredeath.
Everyonewantedamedicine.Laboratoriesworkeddayandnight.Theygrewthestaphinsmalldishes.Thentheytriedtokillit.Nothingworked.
Thelaboratorydisheshadcoversonthem.Theykeptthingsfromfallingintodishes.Molds(霉菌)wereabigworry.Theyarealwaysintheair.Youcan’tseethem.They’retoosmall.Therearethousandsofdifferentmolds.Moldscanmakeanexperiment(实验)fail.That’swhydishesarecovered.
Dr.AlexanderFlemingwasworkingtokillthestaphgerm.Heworkedforyears.Onedayhetookacoveroffadish.Helookedinside.Therewasathickgrowthofstaphgerm.Therewasalsosomemold.Thenhesawsomethingstrange.Wherethemoldwas,therewasnogrowthofstaph.ThisiswhatFlemingprobablythought.“Byaccident,Ifoundamoldtokillthedreadedstaph.”
Thisishowpenicillinwasfound.Buthere’stherealmiracle(奇迹).Therearethousandsofkindsofmolds.Butonlyonekindcankillstaph.Themoldmusthavefallenintothedishafewdaysbefore.Thecoverwasprobablyoffonlyafewseconds(秒).Inthosefewsecondstherightmoldfellintotherightdish.Anothermanmighthavethrownthedishaway.ButFlemingwasverycarefulandsmart.Heunderstoodwhatthemolddid.Howluckythehumanswere!
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案
36.Duringtheexperimentstofindamedicineforstaphinfections,________.
A.thedisheswerenotcovered
B.staphandmoldwereputtogether
C.moldwaskeptinsmalldishes
D.staphwasgrowninsmalldishes
37.Theword“dreaded”means“_______”.
A.famousB.scary
C.healthD.endangered
38.Thelastparagraphsuggeststhat_______.
A.accidentshappentoeveryone
B.thecarefulpersondoesnothaveaccidents
C.thecarelesspersonwillmissvaluablechances
D.luckisenoughwhendoingscientificexperiments
39.Mostofthispassageiswrittenby______.
A.tellinganunusualstoryB.showingtheresultsofexperiments
C.offeringsomereasonsD.givingsomeadvice
40.Thispassageismainlyabout______.
A.medicineforastaphinfectionB.usefulaccidents
C.Dr.Fleming’sresearchD.discoveringpenicillin
科学技术
307
【主旨大意】本文介绍了青霉素在实验室的意外发现以及主要用途.
36.D细节理解题.根据第二段第