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Note-taking

ListeningforGist

SelectingKeyWords

FindingtheTopicSentence

Part1SpotDictation

Notes:

1.

chiropractic:

[u]thetreatmentofphysicalproblemsbypressingonandmovingthebonesinsomeone'

sbackandjoints

2.circulatory:

relatingtothemovementofbloodaroundyourbody

e.g.theheartandcirculatorysystem

3.skeletal:

HBlikeaskeletonorrelatingtoaskeleton

e.g.Policediscoveredtheskeletalremainsofacorpseburiedneartheriver.

4.orthopedics:

thepartofmedicinethattreatsillnessesorinjuriesthataffectpeople'

sbonesormuscles

5.radiology:

thestudyandmedicaluseofradiation

MeetYourChiropractor

Ex.Directions:

Listentothepassageandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.

Thedoctorofchiropractic*（D.C.）isa

（1）well-recognizedmemberofthehealthteamwho

（2）considersthehumanbodyasatotalfunctioning（3）unitandgivesspecialattentiontothespine*,（4）muscles,nerves,circulatoryandskeletal（5）systems.Thechiropractorseeksto（6）relievepain.

Theproceduresutilizedareprimarilyfocusedonthe（7）spine.Thechiropractorisconcernedaboutthespine'

srelationshiptothe（8）nervesystem,whichcontrolsimportantbodyfunctions.Thechiropractorknowsthatamalfunctioning*spinaljointcannotonlycause（9）backpainorheadaches,itcanalso（10）interferewiththenervesleadingfromthespine,thereby（1I）affectingotherportionsofthebody.

MillionsofAmericansarechiropracticpatientsforawidevarietyof（12）healthdisorders.Theydependontheirchiropractorastheir（13）familydoctortohelpthemmaintaintheirhealththroughproper（14）diagnosis,treatment,andreferral*when（15）necessary.

Aminimumofsixyearsofcollegestudyincludinginternships（16）goesintothemakingofachiropracticphysician.Manydoctorsofchiropracticchooseto（17）limittheirpracticestocertainspecialties,suchas（18）sportsinjuries,nutrition,orthopedicsorradiology.

Asa（19）licensedandregulatedmemberofthehealingarts,thedoctorofchiropracticmustpassastate（20）licensingboardexaminationinordertopractice.

Ex.Listentothepassageandfinditstopicsentence.

Thetopicsentenceis"

Theplaceitselfisextremelyprimitive."

SectionTwo

Listeningcomprehension

Part1Dialogue

1.cholesterol:

achemicalsubstancefoundinyourblood.Toomuchcholesterolinyourbodymaycauseheartdisease

2.wax:

asolidsubstancemadeoffatoroilandusedtomakecandles,polishetc:

waxcrayons

3.liver:

alargeorganinyourbodythatproducesbileandcleansyourblood

4.

insulate:

Ttocoverorprotectsomethingwithamaterialthatstopselectricity,sound,heatetcfromgettinginoroute.g.aninsulatedattic

insulatesomethingfrom/againstsomething

Pipesmayneedinsulatingagainstthecold.

5.hormone:

achemicalsubstanceproducedbyyourbodythatinfluencesitsgrowth,development,andcondition—hormonal

adjective:

hormonalchanges

6.stroke:

[illness]ifsomeonehasastroke,anartery（=tubecarryingblood）intheirbrainsuddenlyburstsorbecomesblocked,sothattheymaydieorbeunabletousesomemuscles:

e.g.Shediedfollowingamassivestroke.

7.squash:

agameplayedbytwopeoplewhouseracketstohitasmallrubberballagainstthewallsofasquarecourt

AHealthyLife

Ex.Listentothedialogueandcompletethefollowinggrids.

A.Cholesterol

Definition

Ayellowish,wax-likesubstance,whichisproducednaturallyinour

livers.

Function

Weallneedsomecholesterolinordertoinsulateournerves,andtoproducecellmembranesandhormones.

Whencholesterolbuildsupinourarteries,itcausesthemtogetnarrower,so

Overproduction

thatourbloodsupplyhasdifficultyingettingthroughandthiscaneventually

endinaheartattackorstroke.

Howtoavoidthisoverproduction

Bycuttingdownourconsumptionofanimalfats:

thingslikeredmeat,cheese,eggsandsoon.Andbyincreasingourconsumptionoffreshfruitandvegetables,andalsobyeatingmorepotatoes,rice,pastaandbread.

B.Ex.

Formsofexercisewarnedagainst

Anumberofinjuriesareduetosudden,twistingmovementsthatgameslikesquashinvolve.

Formsofexerciserecommended

Gentlejogging,swimming,cycling,briskwalking...exercisethatisrhythmicandgentle.

Thingstoberemembered

Exerciseshouldbesustained,thatis,doneforatleastfifteenminutesuninterruptedlyatleastthreetimesaweek.

BACK

Part2Passage

AgingofAmerica

ExAPre-listeningQuestion

1.DoyouknowanytingabouttheretirementsysteminChina?

2.WhatdoyouthinkabouttheagingprobleminChina?

Willitaffectconsumptionpatterns?

AsChina'

sagingpopulationisincreasingrapidly,thereshouldbeawell-fundedpensionsystemputinplace.However,thecountry'

spensionsystemonlycoversafractionoftheworkforce.ItpredictsthatChinawillhaveanelderlypopulationofabout400millionby2040,whichwillbealargeburdenontheeconomyifaneffectivepensionsystemisnotestablished.

TheChinesegovernment,awarethattheoldpensionsystemintheplannedeconomycouldnotkeeppacewiththemarketeconomy,startedtoreformapurely"

pay-as-you-go"

pensionsystemin1997andintroducedonethatcombinesabasicpensionwithpersonalsavingsaccounts.Theaccountsarejointlypaidintobyemployersandemployees,assavingtosupportemployees'

retirements.Thestateisconsideringexpandingareformedpensioninsurancesystemnationwide.

ChinaisalsoacceleratingthereformofChina'

spensionsystem.

Ithasbeentryingtofindappropriatewaystoinvestpensionfundsinthecapitalmarketratherthansimplyputtingtheminbanksorbuyingtreasurybonds.

Ithasalsobeentryingtofindappropriatewaystoinvestpensionfundsinthecapitalmarketoverseas.

Toensurethemaintenanceandappreciationofthepensionpool,moreinvestmenttoolsshouldbeallowed,withsoundgovernanceandparallelreforminthefinancialsectortoensurereturns.

ExBSentenceDictation

1）Theimpendingcollisionbetweentheboomersandthenation'

sretirementsystemisnaturallycatchingtheeyeofpolicymakersandtheboomersthemselves.

2）RetirementincomesecurityintheUnitedStateshastraditionallybeenbasedontheso-calledthree-leggedstool:

SocialSecurity,privatepensions,andotherpersonalsaving.

3）Retirementplanningtakestime,andtheseissuesneedtobeaddressedsoonerratherthanlater.

4）Onefoundthatin1991themedianhouseholdheadedbya65-69-year-oldhadfinancialassetsofonly$14,000,butexpandingthemeasuretoincludeSocialSecurity,pensions,housing,andotherwealthboostsmedianwealthtoabout$270,000.

5）OnlyoneortwogenerationsofAmericanshavehadlengthyretirements,andthecrucialretirementissueskeepchangingrapidly,makinglong-termpredictionsevenharder.

ExCChoosethebestanswer.

l.D2.D3.B4.B5.C6.C7.A8.C

ExDAfter-listeningDiscussion

HowhavetheboomersalteredtheeconomicpatternsintheUnitedStates?

Theboomershavealteredeconomicpatternsfromjammingthenation'

sschoolsinthe1950sand1960s,tocrowdinglabormarketsandhousingmarketsinthe1970sand1980s,toaffectingconsumptionpatternsalmostcontinuously.

SectionThree

News

NewsItem1CheaperDrug

1.prescriptiondrug:

adrugthatisavailableonlywithwritteninstructionsfromadoctorordentisttoapharmacist

2.pharmacy:

1.theartandscienceofpreparinganddispensingdrugsandmedicines,

2.aretailshopwheremedicineandotherarticlesaresold

3.lure:

provokesomeonetodosomethingthrough（oftenfalseorexaggerated）promisesorpersuasion

4.discount:

theactofreducingthesellingpriceofmerchandise

5.Ontario安大略省aprosperousandindustrializedprovinceincentralCanada

6.Manitoba马尼托巴湖（加拿大中南部）oneofthethreeprairieprovincesincentralCanada

7.Calgary加尔加里（加拿大西南部城市）thelargestcityinsouthernAlberta;

anoilandgascenterandatechnologycenterforAlbertaandmostofwesternCanada

8.theUSFoodandDrugAdministration美国食品和药物管理局

9.commissioner：

amemberofacommission

10.medication:

somethingthattreatsorpreventsoralleviatesthesymptomsofdisease

11.AARP美国退休者协会（AmericanAssociationofRetiredPersons）；

[

ExACompletethesummary.

ThisnewsitemisabouttheUScitizensbuyingcheapermachinesinCanada.

ExBAnswerthefollowingquestions.

1.BecausetheexchangerateisfavorableandCanadianregulationslimitprices.

2.NewInternetpharmaciesareluringretiredAmericansseekingdiscounteddrugs.

3.Becauseon-linepharmacieswillrecognizepossibleconflictsbetweendifferentmedicationsandthey’llfailtoproperlyexplaindosages.

Becausetheydonothavefullinsuranceandcannotusegroupdiscount.

5.

NewsItem2UNVaccine

1.sub-SaharanAfrica（撒哈拉以南非洲）atermusedtodescribetheareaoftheAfricancontinentwhichliessouthoftheSahara,orthoseAfricancountrieswhicharefullyorpartiallylocatedsouthoftheSahara.ItcontrastswithNorthAfrica,whichisconsideredapartoftheArabworld.

2.tuberculosis：

infectiontransmittedbyinhalationoringestionoftuberclebacillus（结核菌）andmanifestedinfeverandsmalllesions（usuallyinthelungsbutinvariousotherpartsofthebodyinacutestages）

4.measles：

anacuteandhighlycontagiousviraldiseasemarkedbydistinctredspotsfollowedbyarash（疹子）;

occursprimarilyinchildren

5.tetanus:

（破伤风）anacutea