高考英语全国通用版精准提分练考前冲刺卷含答案8.docx

高考英语全国通用版精准提分练考前冲刺卷含答案8.docx

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高考英语全国通用版精准提分练考前冲刺卷含答案8

考前冲刺卷（八）

第一部分　听力（略）

第二部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节　（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

AnimalCare&Education

VolunteersforWildlifeprovidesprotectionforover30animalswithdisabilitiesthatpreventtheirreturningtothewild.OurAnimalCare&Educationvolunteershelpustoprovidethehighestlevelofcarefortheseanimals.

Volunteerswillcareforanimalsincludingturtles，snakes，ducks，doves，squirrels，andsoon.Animalcareisneverlightwork！

Dutiesincludecagecleaning，generalhospitalupkeepandcleaning，dietpreparation，feeding，andcagemaintenance（维护）．

Inadditiontoanimalcare，volunteershelpuseducatethepublicaboutLongIsland’swildlife，themanychallengestheyface，andwhatactioncanbetakentohelptheseanimals.Volunteersassiststaffineducationprogramsbyhandingoutbrochuresorotheritemsandhandlinganimalsduringprograms.

Requirements：

※Minimumageof18yearsold

※Extremelydependableandpunctualattendance

※Oneweeklyshift（轮班）ofeither8am－12pmor12pm－4pm（thesameshifteachweek）

※Minimumcommitmentof6months

※Abilitytoworkonyourfeetanddosomeheavylifting

※Excitementandwillingnesstolearnaboutlocalwildlife

※Comfortspeakingtothepublicaboutourwork

※Willingnesstoattendeducationprogramsandassistasneeded

Volunteershelpsupportthewonderfulworkwedo.Ifyouhaveaspecialskillortalent，wewouldlovetohearfromyou！

Pleasedirectallquestionstoourvolunteerorganizeratinfo@volunteersforwildlife.org.ClickheretoapplyforanAnimalCare&Educationvolunteerposition.c-o/mpletedVolunteerApplicationscanbesentto：

VolunteerOrganizer

VolunteersforWildlife

194ABayvilleRoad

LocustValley，NY11560

1．Howdovolunteershelptheanimals?

A．Helptheanimalsreturntothewild.

B．Donatefoodtotheanimals.

C．Buildsheltersfortheanimals.

D．Appealtothepublictotakepart.

答案　D

解+析　细节理解题。

根据第三段可知，志愿者除了照看动物外，还帮助做宣传工作，呼吁大众参与。

故D正确。

2．Whichisrequiredtobeavolunteer?

A．Speakingtomakethepubliccomfortable.

B．Volunteeringforatmost6months.

C．Possessingaqualityofworkinghard.

D．Workingfulltime.

答案　C

解+析　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Animalcareisneverlightwork！

”和Requirements部分中的“Abilitytoworkonyourfeetanddosomeheavylifting”可知，照顾野生动物的志愿者要求具有吃苦耐劳的精神。

故选C。

3．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?

A．Toarouseconcernaboutthewildlife.

B．Tointroducethecomingevents.

C．Toabsorbnewmembers.

D．Torecommendprograms.

答案　C

解+析　写作意图题。

本文为应用文，主要用意是招募志愿者。

全文内容共分三部分：

志愿者的工作内容、成为志愿者的条件以及联系方式。

故选C。

B

Hi，everyone！

Iamdoing92actsofkindnessthismonthinmemoryofmygrandma，whopassedawayafewdaysbeforeChristmas.Itisdeeplymeaningfulformetoseetheripples（涟漪）ofkindnessandloveexertingapositiveinfluenceontheworldinhername.Itfeelslikeshecanstilldogoodintheworldeventhoughsheisgone.Ihavereadsomanyofthiscommunity’supdatesandaminspiredbyhowmanycreativeandactivelykind，worldchangingpeoplearesharingstories.Iamwritingtorequesthelpinreachingmygoalof92actsofkindness—oneforeveryyearofherlife.

Iamaskingforthoseofyouwhoarewilling...wouldyoupleasedoanactofkindnessinmygrandmother’sname？

Itdoesn’thavetobebig.Justasmallactoflove.Andcommenttotellmeaboutyouractsoitcanbetrackedbymealongwiththerest.

Sofar，we’vehadnearly30actsofkindnesssinceIstartedafewdaysago.Youcangotomyarticle，whereIammakingliveupdateseachtimeIorsomeoneelsecontributesanactofkindness.Pleasehelpmelightuptheworldwithgoodnessandkindness.Youhavenoideahowoverwhelming（无法抗拒的）andamazingitfeelstoreadabouttheseactsofkindnesshappeningonbehalfofmygrandmaeachday.AsRalphWaldoEmersononcewrote，“Youcannotdoakindnesstoosoon，foryouneverknowhowsoonitwillbetoolate.”Let’skeepchangingtheworldtogether.Thankyousomuch!

语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。

作者号召大家以她祖母的名义做善事，和她一起完成她的梦想，以此来纪念她的祖母。

4．Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthergrandmother?

A．Shediedattheageof92.

B．Sherarelydidgoodwhenalive.

C．Shewassogreatastoberemembered.

D．Shehadapositiveeffectontheworld.

答案　A

解+析　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“reachingmygoalof92actsofkindness—oneforeveryyearofherlife”可知，作者的祖母在92岁高龄时去世了。

5．Whatdoestheauthorrequestpeopledo?

A．Helpotherswheneverit’spossible.

B．Givesomeoneahandinhergrandma’sname.

C．Leavehersomeencouragingcomments.

D．Readthiscommunity’sworldchangingupdates.

答案　B

解+析　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Iamaskingforthoseofyouwhoarewilling...wouldyoupleasedoanactofkindnessinmygrandmother’sname？

Itdoesn’thavetobebig.Justasmallactoflove.”可知，作者请求大家以她祖母的名义做好事，故选B项。

6．WhydoestheauthormentionRalphWaldoEmerson’swords?

A．Toremindpeopletothinkbeforetheyact.

B．Tocallonpeopletodoakindnesssoon.

C．Towarnpeoplenottodoakindnesssoon.

D．Toadvisepeopletospeaklouderthanwords.

答案　B

解+析　推理判断题。

由最后一段中的“Youcannotdoakindnesstoosoon，foryouneverknowhowsoonitwillbetoolate.”可知，该句中含有“cannotdosth.too...”句式，表示“无论怎么……都不过分，越……越好”。

故作者提到这句话是为了呼吁人们尽早做好事。

故选B。

7．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?

A．Tohonorhergrandmother.

B．Tocontributeabigactofkindness.

C．Tosharethiscommunity’supdates.

D．Togethelptorealizeherdream.

答案　D

解+析　写作意图题。

从文章的字里行间可以发现，作者写作本文是为了让网友帮助她共同实现以她祖母的名义做92件好事的愿望。

故选D。

C

Humansspendnearlyathirdoftheirlivessleeping.Goingwithoutsleepwillliterallymakeyoupsychotic（精神错乱的）and，eventually，killyou.It’sclearthatshuteyeisvitaltothebody’sabilitytofunction.Butnooneknowswhatsleepactuallydoes.“It’ssortofembarrassing，”saidDrMichaelHalassa，aneuroscientistatNewYorkUniversity.“It’sobviouswhyweneedtoeatbutit’snotclearwhyweneedtosleepatall.”

We’reeasilyhurtwhenwe’reasleep，sowhateversleepdoes，itmustbeworththeriskofthebraintakingitselfmostlyoffline.Thereareafewtheoriesaboutwhywesleep，andalthoughnoneofthemaretotallysolid，afewtrytoexplainwhathappenseachnight，pullinginresearchontopicsrangingfromcellularprocessestocognition.Researcherssayitdoesseemclearthatsleepiskeytothebrain’sabilitytoreorganizeitself.It’snothardtoprovethatsleepisimportant.Ratstotallydeprived（剥夺）ofsleepdiewithintwoorthreeweeks，accordingtoresearchbythepioneeringUniversityofChicagosleepscientistAllanRechtschaffen.Noonehasdonesimilarexperimentsonhumans，buta2014studypublishedinTheJournalofNeurosciencefoundthatmere24hoursofsleepdeprivationcausedhealthypeopletohavehallucinations（幻觉）andotherpsychoticsymptoms.

Onereasonwhyitisdifficulttogetahandleonwhywesleepisthatsleepisactuallyprettydifficulttostudy.Sleepdeprivationstudiesarethemostcommonwaytostudysleep，butdeprivingananimalofsleepdisturbsmanyofitsbiologicalsystems.It’shardtotellwhichoutcomesaredirectlyduetosleepdeprivationratherthan，say，stress.

Theotherreasonwhysleepishardtounderstandisthatthebrainmaybedoingtwodifferentthingsduringthetwomajorstagesofsleep.Asthenightwearson，sleeperscyclethroughnonrapideyemovement（nonREM）andrapideyemovement（REM）sleep.Thebrain’selectricalactivityduringREMsleeplooksmuchlikeitdoeswhenapersonisawake，butthemusclesofthebodydon’twork.

8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getahandleon”meaninthethirdparagraph?

A．Dealwith.

B．Keeppacewith.

C．Takecontrolof.

D．Getanunderstandingof.

答案　D

解+析　词义猜测题。

根据下文“Theotherreasonwhysleepishardtounderstand...”中的understand可知，画线短语与understand的意义相近，故选D。

9．Whichofthefollowingmayscientistshavenodoubtabout?

A．Whyweneedsleep.

B．Sleepisimportant.

C．Sleepiseasytostudy.

D．Stresscausessleepdeprivation.

答案　B

解+析　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“It’sclearthatshuteyeisvitaltothebody’sabilitytofunction.”和第二段中的“It’snothardtoprovethatsleepisimportant.”可知，睡眠很重要这一点是比较清楚、没有什么疑问的。

故选B。

10．Whyhasnobodyconductedsleepdeprivationexperimentsonhumans?

A．Theycosthumans’life.

B．Theydogreatharmtohumans.

C．Allbiologicalsystemsmaybedisturbed.

D．Humanbrainsdodifferentthingsduringsleep.

答案　B

解+析　推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句和第三段提到的在动物身上做这个实验对动物有害可推知，不做这种人体实验是因为该实验对人类有很大的害处。

故选B。

11．Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybefound?

A．Inascientificreport.

B．Inalifestylereport.

C．Inanofficialdocument.

D．Inabookreview.

答案　A

解+析　文章出处题。

纵观全文，本文主要介绍了人类睡眠的原因以及与之相关的研究，因此应是出自科学报告，所以选A。

D

Piaget’stheoryofcognitive（认知的）developmentisatheoryaboutthenatureanddevelopmentofhumanintelligence.ItwasfirstcreatedbytheSwissdevelopmentalpsychologistJeanPiaget（1896－1980）．Thetheorydealswiththenatureofknowledgeitselfandhowhumansgraduallycometoacquire，construct，anduseit.Piaget’stheoryismainlyknownasadevelopmentalstagetheory.

ToPiaget，cognitivedevelopmentwasaprogressivereorganizationofmentalprocessesresultingfrombiologicalmaturationandenvironmentalexperience.Hebelievedthatchildrenconstructanunderstandingoftheworldaroundthem，experiencedifferencesbetweenwhattheyalreadyknowandwhattheydiscoverintheirenvironment，andthenadjusttheirideasaccordingly.Besides，Piagetclaimedthatcognitivedevelopmentisatthecenterofthehumanorganism，andlanguageisdependingonknowledgeandunderstandingacquiredthroughcognitivedevelopment.

Piaget’searlierworkreceivedthegreatestattention.Childcenteredclassroomsand“openeducation”aredirectapplicationsofPiaget’sviews.Despiteitshugesuccess，Piaget’stheoryisnotperfectandPiagethasrecognizedithimself：

forexample，thetheorysupportssharpstagesratherthancontinuousdevelopment.

Piagetnotedthatrealityisadynamicsy