英语单项知识的讲解与练习36.docx

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英语单项知识的讲解与练习36

英语单项知识的讲解与练习(36)

176、with的用法

(1)、在描述人时,用with表示人体特征或外表特有的疾患;of表示人体具有的持久性特征与年龄。

如:

agirlwithgoldenhair/aboyof12;

(2)、说某人讲话带有某种方言的口音用with。

如:

speakEnglishwithanAmericanaccent;说带有某种表示情绪的声调用in。

如:

speakintenderaccents语调温柔;

(3)、with复合结构是由“with+宾语+宾语补足语”构成,在with复合结构中,宾语是由名词或代词充当,宾语补足语有多种形式:

1)、with+宾语+现在分词:

Theclassroomislivelywithsomanychildrensingingandlaughing.2)、with+宾语+过去分词:

Hehadtostandoutsidewaitingforhiswifewiththedoorlocked.3)、with+宾语+不定式(表示将要发生的动作,to不可省):

With3minutestogo,theyhurriedintothecinema.4)、with+宾语+形容词:

Theoldmanwaslyingthere,withhisstomachempty.5)、with+宾语+副词(副词是指那些无形容词形式的副词,如:

on,off,down,up,away,in,out等):

Mybrotherisusedtodoinghishomeworkwiththeradioon.6)、with+宾语+介词短语:

Billwenttotheplayground,withaballunderhisarm.

with加名词加介词短语与名词加介词短语,这两种独立主格结构的区别:

前者不可省去冠词或物主代词,后者可省,但必须同时省。

如:

withaguninhishand=guninhand;with复合结构中,如名词后用不定式,则表示将要发生的动作,to不可省。

如:

with3minutestogo,theyhurriedintothecinema;

(4)、with+名词,有时用来表示原因,名词常是表示情感的词。

如:

withfear;

练习:

①___productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.

A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through

②On___thebadnews,shecriedwithherface___inhands.

A.heard;buriedB.hearing;burying

C.heard;buryingD.hearing;buried

③Heoftensleepswiththedoor___andthewindow___.

A.close;openB.closed;opened

C.closing;openingD.closed;open

④Infrontofthehousestoodanoldman,___.

A.pipeinhandB.withpipeinhand

C.apipewasinhishandD.pipeinhishand

⑤___theoldmanleadingtheway,theystartedtowardsthemountain.

A.AsB.WithC.ForD.Since

⑥Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe______.

A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremain

C.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars

⑦Thethiefwascaughtandtakentothepolicestationwithhishands___behind.

A.tiedB.beingtiedC.totieD.havebeentied

⑧Withalotofdifficultproblems___thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.

A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled

⑨Thescientistcametothemeetingwithhiswife___him.

A.beingsupportedB.supportingC.supportedD.support

⑩Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,withtheireyes___.

A.widelyopenB.wideopenedC.widelyopenedD.wideopen

⑾Withthevacation___,thepleasantsunbathswetookonthebeachinQingdaolastyearattractedmefromtimetotime.

A.drawingnearB.drawnnearC.cameupD.wentaway

⑿Withmoreandmoretrees___,theinhabitantsintherainforest,90%of___dependoninsects,grass,meatoreachotherastheirfood,willdieoutoneday.

A.cutdown;whoB.cutdown;whom

C.cuttingdown;whomD.cutdown;which

177、Itisawonderthat…

(1)、wonder想知道、不知道,接whether,if从句;wonder对……感到惊讶,接that从句;doubt,question用于肯定句,接whether/if从句,用于否定句和疑问句中,接that从句;besure用于否定句,接whether/if从句,用于肯定句和疑问句,接that从句。

(2)、Iwonderifyouwouldmindhelpingme不知你是否能帮我忙,是表示请求或对做某事没把握的句型,肯定回答是:

Yes,pleasedo/Goahead/Ofcourse/Sure;否定回答是:

I’msorry,but…/I’mafraidnot/You’dbetternot/No,pleasedon’t.

练习:

①Iwondered___thenews.Whichiswrong?

A.atB.tohearC.hearingD.about

②Iwonder___PuShuwillwinthefirstprizeinthecontest.

A.whetherB.thatC.howD.when

③Ithinkit’sgoingtobeabigproblem.Yes,itcouldbe.Iwonder___wecandoaboutit.

A.ifB.howC.whatD.that

④excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavour?

Ofcourse.Whatisit?

I___ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.

A.hadwonderedB.waswonderingC.wouldwonderD.didwonder

⑤Inmoderntimes,it’s___thatwecanhearthenewsfromdifferentpartsoftheworldveryquickly.

A.awonderB.nowonderC.agreatwonderD.thewonder

⑥—Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.

—_____isnowonderhealwaystakesthefirstplaceinclass.

A.ItB.ThereC.ThatD.This

178、work的用法

(1)、works作“工事、著作”讲时,只有复数形式,并与复数谓语动词连用。

作“作品”讲时,谓语动词常用复数,也可用单数。

如:

arecentwork一部新作;selectedworks选集,是指一本书,应看作单数。

(2)、workon/workat都意为“致力于、从事于”,但在表示“克服(困难)、解决(难题)”时,较倾向于用workat,常用在一般时态中。

如:

workatadifficultprobleminmaths;在表示“致力于创作、制造”时,较倾向于用workon,常用在进行或完成时态中。

如:

workonadriver当司机;

(3)、do在work后作宾语补足语时,必须用过去分词或不定式的被动式。

如:

Sheneedstheworkdone/tobedone.

练习:

①Wedidn’tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutit___verywell.

A.workedoutB.triedoutC.wentonD.carriedon

②CanIhelpyou,sir?

Yes,Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit___.

A.didn’tworkB.won’tworkC.can’tworkD.doesn’twork

③Itis___workofartthateveryonewantstohavealookatit.

A.sounusualB.suchunusualC.suchanunusualD.soanunusual

④Arethenewrule___?

Yes,butfewbooksarestolen.

A.usingB.workingC.tobecarriedoutD.dogood

⑤What’shebusywiththesedays?

Heisworking___anewnovelandalwaysworks___untilmidnighttohaveitpublishedassoonaspossible.

A.at;outB.on;onC.at;toD.on;at

⑥Pleasedon’tinterrupthim.He’s___hisnewpoem.

A.gettingonB.comingonC.workingonD.tryingon

⑦Ihavegotaheadache.Nowonder.You___infrontofthatcomputertoolong.

A.workB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.worked

179、beworthdoing

(1)、表示一件事是否值得做时,可用:

worth,worthy,worth-while,如:

Thisbookisworthreading/worthyofbeingread/worthytoread/worthwhilereading/worthywhiletoread.

(2)、worth-while可作前置定语。

如:

Thisisaworth-whileexperiment.worthyof作后置定语。

如:

Thisisabookworthy(of)beingread.worth作定语修饰名词,其后需接名词或动名词构成短语作后置定语。

如:

Thisisawatchworthover250dollars.

(3)、worthwhile作表语可单独使用,意为“值得的”,如:

Thetextisworthwhile.也可在中间加上物主代词。

如:

Theworkisworthyourwhile.

(4)、worth用程度副词修饰时,前不用very,要用well;在表示否定意义的句子中多用quite。

如:

Idon’tthinkthiscoatisquiteworthbuying.

(5)、问价格时,cost和beworth可通用。

如:

Howmuchdoesthepencost/isthepenworth?

(6)、worthwhile后可接forsomebodytodosomething,如:

Itisworthwhileforyou/worthyourwhiletotrythisexperiment.

练习:

①Itis___thetimeandeffortwedevotedtoit.

A.worthB.worthyC.worthofD.worthyto

②Thefilmiswellworth___.

A.tobeseenB.seeingC.ofbeingseenD.beingseen

③Whyareyoukillingtimethisway?

Can’tyoufindsomething___doingatall?

A.usefulB.valuableC.worthyD.worth

④Whileshownaroundthecity,IfoundtheoldGothicbuildings___thanthetoursites.

A.betterworthvisitingB.moreworthvisiting

C.betterworthtobevisitedD.moreworthtobevisited

⑤Ipaidthesecond-handcarfor500dollars,butIthinkitwas___.

A.worthytwiceasmuchmoneyB.worthyoftwicemoney

C.worthtwiceasmuchpriceD.worthtwicetheprice

⑥Thebookisnot___whatwepaid.

A.worthB.valueC.valuableD.cost

⑦Theoldteacherisreallyworth___.

A.lookinguptoB.beinglookedupto

C.lookingforD.lookingoutfor

⑧Thisbookisworthyof_____twice.

A.ReadingB.readC.havingreadD.beingread

⑨Heiswellskilled_____playingthepiano,sohismusicisworth.

A.with;listeningB.with;listeningto

C.in;listeningD.in;listeningto

⑩Itwas_____thetroubletosettletheproblem.

A.worthtotakeB.worthwhiletaking

C.worthbeingtakenD.worthtaking

⑾Theproblemis___.

A.worthyofdiscussionB.worthyofbeingdiscussed

C.worthytobediscussedD.worthdiscussing

180、accordingto

(1)、accordingas是复合从属连词,引导方式状语从句,用以表示两种可能条件的选择,也可表示程度比例,意为“根据……而”。

如:

Yougainskillaccordingasyouhaveability.

(2)、“据我看”不用:

accordingto,而要用:

inmyopinion;

(3)、accordingto根据,指消息、情况来自它方,因此不宜用于第一人称,一般不与表示意见(opinion)、看法(view)、主意(idea)之类的词连用。

如:

accordingtomyopinion要改为:

inmyopinion/accordingtome;

练习:

①OurEnglishteacherasksustoguessthemeaningsoftheunknownwords___thecontext.

A.owingtoB.duetoC.accordingtoD.lookforwardto

②Theprojecthadtobeabandoned___alackofgovernmentfunding.

A.accordingtoB.exceptforC.dueforD.dueto

③Hewillbepunishedaccording___theseriousnessofhiscrime.

A.withB.asC.toD.for

④___leavingforFrance,hestudiedalotaboutthecountry.

A.AsforB.PrevioustoC.ThankstoD.Accordingto

⑤___,therentistoohigh.

A.Inapeasant’sopinionB.Accordingtopeasantopinion

C.Accordingpeasant’sopinionD.Fromapeasant’sopinion

Keys:

176、CDDABDACBDAD

177、CACBBA

178、ADCBBCC

179、ABDADAADDB⑾ABCD

180、CDCBA

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