英语单项知识的讲解与练习36.docx
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英语单项知识的讲解与练习36
英语单项知识的讲解与练习(36)
176、with的用法
(1)、在描述人时,用with表示人体特征或外表特有的疾患;of表示人体具有的持久性特征与年龄。
如:
agirlwithgoldenhair/aboyof12;
(2)、说某人讲话带有某种方言的口音用with。
如:
speakEnglishwithanAmericanaccent;说带有某种表示情绪的声调用in。
如:
speakintenderaccents语调温柔;
(3)、with复合结构是由“with+宾语+宾语补足语”构成,在with复合结构中,宾语是由名词或代词充当,宾语补足语有多种形式:
1)、with+宾语+现在分词:
Theclassroomislivelywithsomanychildrensingingandlaughing.2)、with+宾语+过去分词:
Hehadtostandoutsidewaitingforhiswifewiththedoorlocked.3)、with+宾语+不定式(表示将要发生的动作,to不可省):
With3minutestogo,theyhurriedintothecinema.4)、with+宾语+形容词:
Theoldmanwaslyingthere,withhisstomachempty.5)、with+宾语+副词(副词是指那些无形容词形式的副词,如:
on,off,down,up,away,in,out等):
Mybrotherisusedtodoinghishomeworkwiththeradioon.6)、with+宾语+介词短语:
Billwenttotheplayground,withaballunderhisarm.
with加名词加介词短语与名词加介词短语,这两种独立主格结构的区别:
前者不可省去冠词或物主代词,后者可省,但必须同时省。
如:
withaguninhishand=guninhand;with复合结构中,如名词后用不定式,则表示将要发生的动作,to不可省。
如:
with3minutestogo,theyhurriedintothecinema;
(4)、with+名词,有时用来表示原因,名词常是表示情感的词。
如:
withfear;
练习:
①___productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.
A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through
②On___thebadnews,shecriedwithherface___inhands.
A.heard;buriedB.hearing;burying
C.heard;buryingD.hearing;buried
③Heoftensleepswiththedoor___andthewindow___.
A.close;openB.closed;opened
C.closing;openingD.closed;open
④Infrontofthehousestoodanoldman,___.
A.pipeinhandB.withpipeinhand
C.apipewasinhishandD.pipeinhishand
⑤___theoldmanleadingtheway,theystartedtowardsthemountain.
A.AsB.WithC.ForD.Since
⑥Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe______.
A.20dollarsremainedB.20dollarstoremain
C.remained20dollarsD.remaining20dollars
⑦Thethiefwascaughtandtakentothepolicestationwithhishands___behind.
A.tiedB.beingtiedC.totieD.havebeentied
⑧Withalotofdifficultproblems___thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.
A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled
⑨Thescientistcametothemeetingwithhiswife___him.
A.beingsupportedB.supportingC.supportedD.support
⑩Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,withtheireyes___.
A.widelyopenB.wideopenedC.widelyopenedD.wideopen
⑾Withthevacation___,thepleasantsunbathswetookonthebeachinQingdaolastyearattractedmefromtimetotime.
A.drawingnearB.drawnnearC.cameupD.wentaway
⑿Withmoreandmoretrees___,theinhabitantsintherainforest,90%of___dependoninsects,grass,meatoreachotherastheirfood,willdieoutoneday.
A.cutdown;whoB.cutdown;whom
C.cuttingdown;whomD.cutdown;which
177、Itisawonderthat…
(1)、wonder想知道、不知道,接whether,if从句;wonder对……感到惊讶,接that从句;doubt,question用于肯定句,接whether/if从句,用于否定句和疑问句中,接that从句;besure用于否定句,接whether/if从句,用于肯定句和疑问句,接that从句。
(2)、Iwonderifyouwouldmindhelpingme不知你是否能帮我忙,是表示请求或对做某事没把握的句型,肯定回答是:
Yes,pleasedo/Goahead/Ofcourse/Sure;否定回答是:
I’msorry,but…/I’mafraidnot/You’dbetternot/No,pleasedon’t.
练习:
①Iwondered___thenews.Whichiswrong?
A.atB.tohearC.hearingD.about
②Iwonder___PuShuwillwinthefirstprizeinthecontest.
A.whetherB.thatC.howD.when
③Ithinkit’sgoingtobeabigproblem.Yes,itcouldbe.Iwonder___wecandoaboutit.
A.ifB.howC.whatD.that
④excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavour?
Ofcourse.Whatisit?
I___ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.
A.hadwonderedB.waswonderingC.wouldwonderD.didwonder
⑤Inmoderntimes,it’s___thatwecanhearthenewsfromdifferentpartsoftheworldveryquickly.
A.awonderB.nowonderC.agreatwonderD.thewonder
⑥—Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.
—_____isnowonderhealwaystakesthefirstplaceinclass.
A.ItB.ThereC.ThatD.This
178、work的用法
(1)、works作“工事、著作”讲时,只有复数形式,并与复数谓语动词连用。
作“作品”讲时,谓语动词常用复数,也可用单数。
如:
arecentwork一部新作;selectedworks选集,是指一本书,应看作单数。
(2)、workon/workat都意为“致力于、从事于”,但在表示“克服(困难)、解决(难题)”时,较倾向于用workat,常用在一般时态中。
如:
workatadifficultprobleminmaths;在表示“致力于创作、制造”时,较倾向于用workon,常用在进行或完成时态中。
如:
workonadriver当司机;
(3)、do在work后作宾语补足语时,必须用过去分词或不定式的被动式。
如:
Sheneedstheworkdone/tobedone.
练习:
①Wedidn’tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutit___verywell.
A.workedoutB.triedoutC.wentonD.carriedon
②CanIhelpyou,sir?
Yes,Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit___.
A.didn’tworkB.won’tworkC.can’tworkD.doesn’twork
③Itis___workofartthateveryonewantstohavealookatit.
A.sounusualB.suchunusualC.suchanunusualD.soanunusual
④Arethenewrule___?
Yes,butfewbooksarestolen.
A.usingB.workingC.tobecarriedoutD.dogood
⑤What’shebusywiththesedays?
Heisworking___anewnovelandalwaysworks___untilmidnighttohaveitpublishedassoonaspossible.
A.at;outB.on;onC.at;toD.on;at
⑥Pleasedon’tinterrupthim.He’s___hisnewpoem.
A.gettingonB.comingonC.workingonD.tryingon
⑦Ihavegotaheadache.Nowonder.You___infrontofthatcomputertoolong.
A.workB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.worked
179、beworthdoing
(1)、表示一件事是否值得做时,可用:
worth,worthy,worth-while,如:
Thisbookisworthreading/worthyofbeingread/worthytoread/worthwhilereading/worthywhiletoread.
(2)、worth-while可作前置定语。
如:
Thisisaworth-whileexperiment.worthyof作后置定语。
如:
Thisisabookworthy(of)beingread.worth作定语修饰名词,其后需接名词或动名词构成短语作后置定语。
如:
Thisisawatchworthover250dollars.
(3)、worthwhile作表语可单独使用,意为“值得的”,如:
Thetextisworthwhile.也可在中间加上物主代词。
如:
Theworkisworthyourwhile.
(4)、worth用程度副词修饰时,前不用very,要用well;在表示否定意义的句子中多用quite。
如:
Idon’tthinkthiscoatisquiteworthbuying.
(5)、问价格时,cost和beworth可通用。
如:
Howmuchdoesthepencost/isthepenworth?
(6)、worthwhile后可接forsomebodytodosomething,如:
Itisworthwhileforyou/worthyourwhiletotrythisexperiment.
练习:
①Itis___thetimeandeffortwedevotedtoit.
A.worthB.worthyC.worthofD.worthyto
②Thefilmiswellworth___.
A.tobeseenB.seeingC.ofbeingseenD.beingseen
③Whyareyoukillingtimethisway?
Can’tyoufindsomething___doingatall?
A.usefulB.valuableC.worthyD.worth
④Whileshownaroundthecity,IfoundtheoldGothicbuildings___thanthetoursites.
A.betterworthvisitingB.moreworthvisiting
C.betterworthtobevisitedD.moreworthtobevisited
⑤Ipaidthesecond-handcarfor500dollars,butIthinkitwas___.
A.worthytwiceasmuchmoneyB.worthyoftwicemoney
C.worthtwiceasmuchpriceD.worthtwicetheprice
⑥Thebookisnot___whatwepaid.
A.worthB.valueC.valuableD.cost
⑦Theoldteacherisreallyworth___.
A.lookinguptoB.beinglookedupto
C.lookingforD.lookingoutfor
⑧Thisbookisworthyof_____twice.
A.ReadingB.readC.havingreadD.beingread
⑨Heiswellskilled_____playingthepiano,sohismusicisworth.
A.with;listeningB.with;listeningto
C.in;listeningD.in;listeningto
⑩Itwas_____thetroubletosettletheproblem.
A.worthtotakeB.worthwhiletaking
C.worthbeingtakenD.worthtaking
⑾Theproblemis___.
A.worthyofdiscussionB.worthyofbeingdiscussed
C.worthytobediscussedD.worthdiscussing
180、accordingto
(1)、accordingas是复合从属连词,引导方式状语从句,用以表示两种可能条件的选择,也可表示程度比例,意为“根据……而”。
如:
Yougainskillaccordingasyouhaveability.
(2)、“据我看”不用:
accordingto,而要用:
inmyopinion;
(3)、accordingto根据,指消息、情况来自它方,因此不宜用于第一人称,一般不与表示意见(opinion)、看法(view)、主意(idea)之类的词连用。
如:
accordingtomyopinion要改为:
inmyopinion/accordingtome;
练习:
①OurEnglishteacherasksustoguessthemeaningsoftheunknownwords___thecontext.
A.owingtoB.duetoC.accordingtoD.lookforwardto
②Theprojecthadtobeabandoned___alackofgovernmentfunding.
A.accordingtoB.exceptforC.dueforD.dueto
③Hewillbepunishedaccording___theseriousnessofhiscrime.
A.withB.asC.toD.for
④___leavingforFrance,hestudiedalotaboutthecountry.
A.AsforB.PrevioustoC.ThankstoD.Accordingto
⑤___,therentistoohigh.
A.Inapeasant’sopinionB.Accordingtopeasantopinion
C.Accordingpeasant’sopinionD.Fromapeasant’sopinion
Keys:
176、CDDABDACBDAD
177、CACBBA
178、ADCBBCC
179、ABDADAADDB⑾ABCD
180、CDCBA