高英语上册5课.docx

高英语上册5课.docx

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高英语上册5课

I'dRatherBeBlackthanFemale

BeingthefirstblackwomanelectedtoCongresshasmademesomekindofphenomenon.TherearenineotherblacksinCongress;therearetenotherwomen.Iwasthefirsttoovercomebothhandicapsatonce.Ofthetwohandicaps,beingblackismuchlessofadrawbackthanbeingfemale.

IfIsaidthatbeingblackisagreaterhandicapthanbeingawoman,probablynoonewouldquestionme.Why?

Because“weallknow”thereisprejudiceagainstblackpeopleinAmerica.Thatthereisprejudiceagainstwomenisanideathatstillstrikesnearlyallmen--and,Iamafraid,mostwomen--asbizarre.

PrejudiceagainstblackswasinvisibletomostwhiteAmericansformanyyears.Whenblacksfinallystartedto“mention”it,withsit-ins,boycotts,andfreedomrides,Americanswereincredulous.“Who,us?

”theyaskedininjuredtones.“We'reprejudiced?

”Itwasthestartofalong,painfulreeducationforwhiteAmerica.Itwilltakeyearsforwhites--includingthosewhothinkofthemselvesasliberals--todiscoverandeliminatetheracistattitudestheyallactuallyhave.

Howmuchharderwillitbetoeliminatetheprejudiceagainstwomen?

Iamsureitwillbealongerstruggle.PartoftheproblemisthatwomeninAmericaaremuchmorebrainwashedandcontentwiththeirrolesassecond-classcitizensthanblackseverwere.

Letmeexplain.Ihavebeenactiveinpoliticsformorethantwentyyears.Forallbutthelastsix,Ihavedonethework--allthetediousdetailsthatmakethedifferencebetweenvictoryanddefeatonElectionDay-whilemenreapedtherewards,whichisalmostinvariablythelotofwomeninpolitics.

Itisstillwomen-aboutthreemillionvolunteers--whodomostofthisworkintheAmericanpoliticalworld.Thebestanyofthemcanhopeforisthehonorofbeingdistrictorcountyvice-chairman,akindofseparate-but-equalpositionwithwhichawomanisrewardedforyearsoffaithfulenvelopestuffingandcard-partyorganizing.Insuchajob,shegetsanumberoffreetripstostateandsometimesnationalmeetingsandconventions,whereherroleissupposedtobetovotethewayhermalechairmanvotes.

WhenItriedtobreakoutofthatrolein1963andrunfortheNewYorkStateAssemblyseatfromBrooklyn'sBedford-Stuyvesant,theresistancewasbitter.Fromthestartofthatcampaign,Ifacedundisguisedhostilitybecauseofmysex.

Butitwasfouryearslater,whenIranforCongress,thatthequestionofmysexbecameamajorissue.Amongmembersofmyownparty,closedmeetingswereheldtodiscusswaysofstoppingme.

Myopponent,thefamouscivil-rightsleaderJamesFarmer,triedtoprojectablack,masculineimage;hetouredtheneighborhoodwithsoundtrucksfilledwithyoungmenwearingAfrohaircuts,dashikis,andbeards.Whilethetelevisioncrewsignoredme,theywerenotawareofaveryimportantstatistic,whichbothIandmycampaignmanager,WesleyMacD.Holder,knew.Inmydistrictthereare2.5womenforeverymanregisteredtovote.Andthosewomenareorganized--inPTAs,churchsocieties,cardclubs,andothersocialandservicegroupsIwenttothemandaskedtheirhelp.Mr.Farmerstilldoesn'tquiteknowwhathithim.

Whenabrightyoungwomangraduatestartslookingforajob,whyisthefirstquestionalways;“Canyoutype?

”Ahistoryofprejudiceliesbehindthatquestion.Whyarewomenthoughtofassecretaries,notadministrators?

Librariansandteachers,butnotdoctorsandlawyers?

Becausetheyarethoughtofasdifferentandinferior.Thehappyhomemakerandthecontenteddarkyarebothstereotypesproducedbyprejudice.

Womenhavenotevenreachedtheleveloftokenismthatblacksarereaching.NowomensitontheSupremeCourt.OnlytwohaveheldCabinetrank,andnonedoatpresent.Onlytwowomenholdambassadorialrank.Butwomenpredominateinthelower-paying,menial,unrewarding,dead-endjobs,andwhentheydoreachbetterpositions,theyareinvariablypaidlessthanamanforthesamejob.

Ifthatisnotprejudice,whatwouldyoucallit?

Afewyearsago,Iwastalkingwithapoliticalleaderaboutapromisingyoungwomanasacandidate.“Whyinvesttimeandefforttobuildthegirlup?

”heaskedme.“Youknowshe’llonlydropoutofthegametohaveacoupleofkidsjustaboutthetimewe’rereadytorunherformayor.”

Plentyofpeoplehavesaidsimilarthingsaboutme.Plentyofothershaveadvisedme,everytime,Itriedtotakeanotherupwardstep,thatIshouldgobacktoteaching,awoman’svocationandleavepoliticstothemen.Iloveteaching,andIamreadytogobacktoitassoonasIamconvincedthatthiscountrynolongerneedsawomen'scontribution.

Whentherearenochildrengoingtobedhungryinthisrichnation,Imaybereadytogobacktoteaching.Whenthereisagoodschoolforeverychild,Imaybeready.Whenwedonotspendourwealthonhardwaretomurderpeople,whenwenolongertolerateprejudiceagainstminorities,andwhenthelawsagainstunfairhousingandunfairemploymentpracticesareenforcedinsteadofevaded,thentheremaybenothingmoreformetodoinpolitics.

Butuntilthathappens--andweallknowitwillnotbethisyearornext--whatweneedismorewomeninpolitics,becausewehaveaveryspecialcontributiontomake.Ihopethattheexampleofmysuccesswillconvinceotherwomentogetintopolitics--andnotjusttostuffenvelopes,buttorunforoffice.

Itiswomenwhocanbringempathy,tolerance,insight,patience,andpersistencetogovernment--thequalitieswenaturallyhaveorhavehadtodevelopbecauseofoursuppressionbymen.Thewomenofanationmolditsmorals,itsreligion,anditspoliticsbythelivestheylive.Atpresent,ourcountryneedswomen’sidealismanddetermination,perhapsmoreinpoliticsthananywhereelse.

C.

1、Don’toverlookthejobofasecretary.Itmakesthedifferencebetweenfailureandsuccessforthecompany.

2、Thenewly-launchedsatelliteisexpectedtoobtaindataonsolarradiation,skybrightnessandotherimportantphenomena.

3、HowcanyoubecontentdosuchmenialtasksaswashingdisheshereintheStates?

4、Aprejudiceisajudgementformedbeforeexaminingtheevidence.

5、Wealllistentomusicaccordingtoourseparatecapacities.

6、Knowledgewillalwayspredominateoverignorance.

7、WhenthiscorporationenteredtheChinesemarket8yearsago,itaimedtooccupyalargermarketshareratherthantomakeprofitintheshortrun.

8、Ofalltheanimals,theapeisthoughtofasthemostforgivinganimal.

D.

1、Hisstoryofhavingdiscoveredthetreasureburiedbysomepiratesseemedincredibletoeveryone.

2、“Butthepianoisoutoftune,”shesaidinadisappointedtone.

3、Herfriendsexpressedgreatsympathytoherwhenhermotherdied.

4、Theyarenowenjoyingashortvacationattheseashore.

5、Acontentedpersonisonewhoishappywithwhathehas.

6、Allthestreetswillbeilluminatedtomorroweveningforthecelebration.

7、Herpersistenceinwearingthatold-fashionedhatsurprisedherhusband.

8、Theeffectoftheofficer’sspeechwassuchthatthearmyrecovereditsmoraleatonce.

F.

美国妇女对美国的发展做出的重要贡献，但她们却一直受到各种形式的性别歧视。

政治上，她们做的是那些乏味却又决定选举胜败的琐碎事，很少有机会升到高层职位，得到好处的是男人。

经济上，大部分妇女做的是那些工资低和没有前途的工作，她们的工资也永远低于做同样工作的男人。

很多美国人不承认这是歧视妇女，说这只是社会分工的不同。

很多妇女甚至也满足于自己作为次等公民的角色。

所以作者说，妇女要获得真正的平等将是一场长期而艰巨的斗争。

AmericanwomenmakeagreatcontributionstotheAmericandevelopment,buttheyaresufferingfrommanykindofprejudicefortheirsexatalltimes.

Inpolitics,theyhavetodothetediousworksthatmakethedifferencebetweenvictoryanddefeat,seldomhavechancestobepromotedahighposition,whilemenreapstherewards.

Ineconomy,mostwomendothelower-payinganddead-endjobsandtheyareinvariablypaidlessthanmenforthesamejob.

ManyAmericandonotregardthisasprejudiceagainstwomen,butregardthisasthedivisionoflabor.

Somewomenareevencontentwiththeirrolesassecond-classcitizens.

Thereforetheauthorthinksthatitwillbealongandhardstruggleforthewomentowanttogetrealequal.