全新版大学英语B3U8Cloning.docx

全新版大学英语B3U8Cloning.docx

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全新版大学英语B3U8Cloning

教学内容

Unit２　

计划学时

8

教学内容分析

教

学

目

标

学习者特征分析

教学重点

教学难点

教学方法

教学媒体

1-2Periods

教学过程

教师活动

学生活动

设计意图

I.Warm-up

（15m）

II.FastReading

III.TextA:

GlobalReading

1.Title（5m）

2.FirstReading（15m）

3.SecondReading（25m）

III.Mini-discussion

（10m）

IV.Readthenewwords（5m）

V.Assignments（5m）

板

书

设

计

课堂总结与反思

3-4Periods

教学过程

教师活动

学生活动

设计意图

课堂总结与反思

5-6Periods

教学过程

教师活动

学生活动

设计意图

板

书

设

计

课堂总结与反思

7-8Periods

教学过程

教师活动

学生活动

设计意图

I.Fastreading（TextB-2）（10m）

II.Vocabularyreading（5m）

III.Vocabularyexercises（25m）

IV.Translation（15m）

板

书

设

计

课堂总结与反思

BookThreeUnit8Cloning

Objectives

Studentswillbeableto:

1.understandthemainidea（cloningisatwo-edgedsword）andstructureofthetext;

2.appreciatethewritingstrategiesemployedbytheauthor;

3.masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;

4.conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.

Timeallotment

1stperiod:

Pre-reading;While-reading（PanI）

2ndperiod:

While-reading（PartI,PartII）

3rdperiod:

While-reading;

4thperiod:

Post-reading;CheckonSs'homereading（TextB）

5thperiod:

Theme-RelatedLanguageLearningTasks

TextAnalysis

ThistexthassomefeaturesincommonwithTextA,Unit7:

aneye-catchingintroductionandobjectivity.

ThetextstartswiththebirthofDolly,becauseitisacriticalpointincloningresearch.Readerinterestisfurtherarousedbythelow-keytone-Whynoexcitement,whynochampagne,whywerefewpeoplearound?

Readersarethenreadytobetoldanobjectiveaccountabouthumancloning.

The"father"ofDollyislevel-headedabouthisachievement,soistheauthor.ShequotesWilmutandOppenheimertoshowhowsciencecanbeadouble-edgedsword.BeforelistingthemanybenefitsofhumancloninginPartIV,shefirstidentifiestheethicalproblemsinvolvedinPartIII.Inherarticlesheasksmanyquestions,towhichshegivesnoanswer.Ifshesaidthatthereweredefiniteanswers,shewouldnotbeobjective.

However,comparedwithTextA,Unit7,thewordchoiceismoreelaborate;sentencesandparagraphsgrowlongerandmorecomplex.Afterall,thisisaboutscienceandethics.

CulturalNotes

1.clone:

agroupoforganismsorcellsthataregeneticallyidentical,havingbeenproducedfromoneparentbyasexualreproduction.Theindividualorganismsorcellsareprecisecopiesoftheparentandgeneticallyidenticaltoit.Clonesarefoundnaturalamong,single-celledorganisms（suchasbacteria）,afewinvertebrates（suchascorals）,andsomeasexuallyreproducingplants（asintheproductionofrunnersbyastrawberryplant）.Inagriculture,plantcloningcanbeusedtoadvantage,inthatindividualswithdesirableproperties,suchaspest-resistanceorhighgrowthrates,canbereplicatedexactlywithouttheunpredictableresultsassociatedwithsexualreproduction.Artificialcloningofanimalsandcellscanbeachievedbyteasingapartthecellsoftheearlyembryo.Similarly,cellscapableofgrowingintomatureplantscanbeobtainedfromplantgrowthregions（meristems分裂组织）.

IngeneticengineeringcloningreferstothecopyingofDNAmolecules.

2.geneticengineering:

thedeliberatemodificationofthegeneticmake-up（genome）ofanorganismbymanipulationofitsDNA.GeneticengineeringtechniquesincludecellfusionandtheuseofrecombinantDNA（rDNA）.Sincethelate1960sthesetechniqueshaveheldoutthemostexcitingpromiseforbiotechnology.

Insuchanewfieldcontroversyinevitablyabounds.Worriesconcerningreleaseofgeneticallynovelbacteriaintotheenvironment,orthepossiblemanipulationofhumanembryos,haveledtothesettingupintheUSAoftheGeneticManipulationAdvisoryGroup（GMAG）.Legislationgoverninggeneticresearchhasalsobeenpassedinseveralothercountries.

3.Narcissus（inGreekmythology）:

abeautifulyouthwhospurnedtheloveofthenymphEchoandinpunishmentwasmadetofallinlovewithhisownreflection;hepinedawaygazingathimselfinapoolandalhisdeathwaschangedintotheflowerbearinghisnamenarcissus.

4.Prometheus:

inGreekmythology,aTitanwhomadethefirstmanfromclayandstoletirefromthegodstogivetomankind.Inrevengeforthetheft.ZeuschainedPrometheustoarock,wherehisliverwaseateneverydaybyaneagle,onlytogrowagaineverynight.Herculeseventuallyrescuedhim.Prometheushasbeenseenasasymboloffreedom,rebellionagainsttyranny,andofcreativeimagination.

5.Oppenheimer,（Julius）Robert（1904-1967）:

USphysicist.Hewasappointedin1942asDirectoroftheManhattanProject,thesecretprojecttodeveloptheatomicbombintheUSAduringWorldWarII,basedatLosAlamos,NewMexico,whichin1945madethefirstatomicbomb.In1953,attheheightofthewitch-huntingcampaignledbytheUSSenatorJosephMcCarthy,OppenheimerwasexcludedfromsensitiveresearchonthegroundsthathehadCommunistsympathies,butsubsequently（1963）hewasunreservedlyrehabilitated.

6.Hiroshima:

JapanesecityinsouthernHonshu,HithertolargelyundamagedbytheUSbombingcampaign.Hiroshimabecamethetargetofthefirstatomicbombattackon6August1945,whichresultedinthevirtualobliterationofthecitycentreandthedeathsofaboutone-thirdofthepopulationof300,000.TheattackonHiroshima,togetherwiththatonNagasakithreedayslater,helpedbringaboutJapan'sunconditionalsurrenderandtheendofWorldWarII.

7.Nagasaki:

JapanesecityinKyushu.On9August1945,threedaysafterthefirstatomicbombattackonHiroshima,Nagasakibecamethenexttarget.Thehillyterrainprotectedthepopulationof230,000fromthefulleffectsoftheexplosion,but40,000peoplewerekilledandtremendousdestructioncaused.OnthefollowingdayJapanofferedtosurrenderandtheceasefirebeganon15August,theofficialsurrenderfinallybeingsignedon2September.

LanguageStudy

1.clone:

anyofagroupofplantsoranimalsproducedfromthecellsofasingleancestorandthereforeexactlythesameasitis

Examples:

Researchersproducedclonesfromadultmicein1998.

Althoughtwoclonesareidenticalgenetically,theymaydevelopindifferentways.

v.

Examples:

ResearchersinJapanhaveclonedeightcalvesfromthecellsofasingleadultcow.

Theideaofcloningextinctlifeformsstillbelongstosciencefiction.

Experimentstotrytoclonehumanembryoshavemetwithhostilityfromsomesectionsofthepublic.

2.givebirthto:

1）bear（achild）,bringforth

Examples:

Althoughamotherpandaoftengivesbirthtotwocubs.sheusuallyabandonsoneofthemwithoutattemptingtocareforit

Theresearchhasshownthatmotherswhosmokegivebirthmorefrequentlytoprematureorunderweightbabies.

2）create,originate

Examples:

Theextraordinaryexperiencegavebirthtohislatestnovel.

Einsteingavebirthtoawholenewwayoflookingatmailerandenergy.

3.foralltheworld:

ineveryrespect;exactly

Examples:

IfeltforalltheworldasifIwasstillachild.

Helookedforalltheworldlikeacountrydoctor.

4.dot:

spreadthingsorpeopleinvariousseparateplacesoveranarea

Examples:

Fromthetopfloorwecouldseethetreesdottingthelandscape.

Theskywasdottedwithstars.

n.asmallroundmark

Examples:

Heforgotthedotontheletteriandsoitlookedlikean1.

Thestarsjustlooklikethousandsoftinydotsoflight.

5.union:

aunitingorbeingunited;combination;anorganizationofworkersfromaparticularprofession,anassociationorclub

Examples:

Marriageisasociallyrecognizedandapprovedunionbetweenindividuals.

Laborunionsbargainedwithemployerstodetermineissuessuchaswages,conditionsofwork,andworkersecurity.

6.fuse:

（causeto）jointogether（followedbywith）

Examples:

Nearly50percentofthecumuluscellsthatsuccessfullyfusedwithaneggdevelopedintoanadvancedembryo.

Genesdeterminehowwedevelopfromthemomentthespermfuseswiththeegg.

7.gene:

aunitinachromosomewhichcontrolsinheritedcharacteristics

Examples:

Geneticsisthestudyofthefunctionandbehaviorofgenes.

TheHumanGenomeProjecthassofaridentifiednearlyalloftheestimated31,000genesinthenucleusofahumancell.

TheDNAisdividedintounitscalledgenes,justlikealongtrainisdividedintoseparatecars.

8.takeup:

goandlive;moveinto（acertainposition）

Examples:

Thehunterlookuphisquartersinahut.

Asthecrowdgrew.riotpolicelookuptheirpositions.

UNpeacekeepingforcesareexpectedtotakeuppositionsalongtheAfghanistanborder.

9.residence:

thefactoflivinginaparticularplace

Examples:

HetookuphispermanentresidenceinChina.

Campusresidencehallsprovidecommonsettingsforstudentstoformnewbondswithpeerswhosharesimilarexperiences.

MoreimmigrantswereadmittedtotheUnitedStalesforpermanentresidenceinrecentyears.

10.identical:

exactlyalikeorequal;theverysame（followedbyto）

Examples:

ThejournalistDavidRorvikwroteatruestoryofabillionaire'squesttoproduceasonidenticaltohimself.

AlthoughEurobillsareidenticalinallcountries,eachcountrycanissueitsowncoins.

11.twin:

personswhohavethesamemotherandwerebornonthesameday

Examples:

Thetwoboyslookedliketwins.

Hehasatwinbrotherandayoungerbrother.

Unlikemyfriend,Ithinktherearemanypositiveaspectstobeingatwin.

12.beforehand:

inadvance;earlier

Examples:

Catherinegotmarriedwithouttellinganyonebeforehand.

Mumhaddonemostofthecookingbeforehand,soweweren'ttiedto