高中英语必修Book4阶段综合检测Word格式.docx

高中英语必修Book4阶段综合检测Word格式.docx

《高中英语必修Book4阶段综合检测Word格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语必修Book4阶段综合检测Word格式.docx（21页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

A

Doyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness，happiness，goodness，andselfrespect？

Thecollectionofhappinessactionsbroadlycategorizedas“honor”helpyoucreatethislifeofgoodfeelings.

Hereisanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness.

Sayastoreclerkfailstochargeusforanitem.Ifwekeepsilent，andprofitfromtheclerk’smistake，wewoulddrivehomewithasenseofmeanexcitement.Laterwemighttellourfamilyoffriendsaboutourgoodfortune.Ontheotherhand，ifwetelltheclerkabouttheunchargeditem，theclerkwouldbegrateful，andthankusforourhonesty.Wewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonorthatwemightneversharewithanothersoul.

Then，whatisittodowithoursenseofhappiness?

Inthefirstcase，wherewedon’ttelltheclerk，acoupleofthingswouldhappen.Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.Intheprocess，wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandselfrespect.Wewouldalsodemonstratethatwecannotbetrusted，sinceweadvertiseourdishonorbytellingourfamilyandfriends.Wedamageourownreputationsbytellingothers.Incontrast，bringing_the_error_to_the_clerk’s_attentioncausesdifferentthingstohappen.Immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable.Uponleavingthestore，wefeelhonorableandourselfrespectisincreased.Wheneverwetakehonorableactionwegainthedeepinternalrewardsofgoodnessandasenseofnobility.

Thereisabeautifulpositivecyclethatiscreatedbylivingalifeofhonorableactions.Honorablethoughtsleadtohonorableactions.Honorableactionsleadustoahappierexistence.Andit’seasytothinkandacthonorablyagainwhenwe’rehappy.Whilethepositivecyclecanbedifficulttostart，onceit’sstarted，it’seasytocontinue.Keepingondoinggooddeedsbringsuspeaceofmind，whichisimportantforourhappiness.

【文章大意】　本文为一篇说明文。

文章以例证的方式说明了“高尚品行造就幸福生活”的真理，并剖析了其中的原因，呼吁人们为提高生活幸福指数应该去做高尚的、值得人尊敬的事。

1．Theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto________．

A．lying　　　　　　　　B．stealing

C．cheatingD．advertising

解析：

选B。

细节理解题。

根据文中第五段第二句“Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.”可知，答案应选B项。

2．Theunderlinedphrase“bringingtheerrortotheclerk’sattention”means________．

A．tellingthetruthtotheclerk

B．offeringadvicetotheclerk

C．askingtheclerktobemoreattentive

D．remindingtheclerkofthechargeditem

选A。

句意理解题。

根据文章第三段举的例子和第五段的内容可知，画线句指的是“告诉店员对某商品没有收钱的事实”。

故答案选A。

3．Howwillwefeelifwelettheclerkknowhermistake?

A．We’llbeveryexcited.

B．We’llfeelunfortunate.

C．We’llhaveasenseofhonor.

D．We’llfeelsorryfortheclerk.

选C。

根据文中第五段中的“Immediatelytheclerkknowsustobehonorable.Uponleavingthestore，wefeelhonorable...”可知，如果我们告诉店员没有收钱的事情，店员会很感激。

我们离店时，内心会有一种别人永远无法分享的荣誉感。

故答案选C。

4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?

A．HowtoLiveTruthfully

B．ImportanceofPeacefulness

C．WaysofGainingSelfrespect

D．HappinessthroughHonorableActions

选D。

标题概括题。

通读全文可知，文章以例证的方式说明了“高尚品行造就幸福生活”的道理。

故答案选D。

B

ScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees（黑猩猩）appeartotreatsticksasdolls，carryingthemarounduntiltheyhavechildrenoftheirown.Youngmalesengageinsuchbehaviormuchlessfrequently.

ThenewworkbySonyaM．KahlenbergandRichardW．Wrangham，describedthisweekinthejournalCurrentBiology，providesthefirstevidenceofawildnonhumanspeciesplayingwithdolls，aswellasthefirstknownsexdifferenceinawildanimal’schoiceofplaythings.

Thetworesearcherssaytheirworkaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethathumanchildrenareprobablybornwiththeirownideasofhowtheywanttobehave，ratherthansimplymirroringothergirlswhoplaywithdollsandboyswhoplaywithtrucks.Dollplayamonghumanscouldhaveitsoriginsinobjectcarryingbyearlierapes（猿类），theysay，suggestingthattoyselectionisprobablynotdueentirelytosocialization.

“Inhumans，thereareobvioussexdifferencesinchildren’stoyplay，andtheseareremarkablysimilaracrosscultures，”saysKahlenberg.“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeentheprimaryexplanation，ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences.”

In14yearsofdataonchimpanzeebehaviorattheKibaleNationalParkinUganda，KahlenbergandWranghamcountedmorethan100examplesofstickcarrying.Someyoungchimpanzeescarriedsticksintothenesttosleepwiththemandononeoccasionbuiltaseparatenestforthestick.“Wehaveseenjuvenilesoccasionallycarryingsticksformanyyears，andbecausetheysometimestreatedthemratherlikedolls，wewantedtoknowifingeneralthisbehaviortendedtorepresentsomethinglikeplayingwithdolls，”saysWrangham，aProfessoratHarvard“Ifthedollhypothesis（假设）wasright，wethoughtthatfemalesshouldcarrysticksmorethanmalesdo，andthatthechimpanzeesshouldstopcarryingstickswhentheyhadtheirfirstchild.Wehavenowwatchedenoughyoungchimpanzeestoprovebothpoints.”

【文章大意】　本文是一篇科普文。

研究发现，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶，直到它们有了自己的孩子。

5．Whatdoesafemalechimpanzeedowithsticks?

A．Shegivesthemtoherchildtoplaywith.

B．Shetreatsthemasweapons.

C．Shetreatsthemasdolls.

D．Shemakesusefultoolsfromthem.

根据第一段第一句“...femalechimpanzees（黑猩猩）appeartotreatsticksasdolls...”可知，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶。

故选C项。

6．Whatcausesthedifferenttoyselectionofchimpanzees，accordingtothepassage?

A．Socialization.B．Sexdifference.

C．Environment.D．Culturaldifference.

根据第二段中的“aswellasthefirstknownsexdifference...playthings”可知，性别差异是导致黑猩猩玩具选择差异的主要原因。

故选B项。

7．Wecaninferfromthefourthparagraphthat________．

A．socializationhasnothingtodowithhuman’schoiceofplaythings

B．thebiologyfactormayalsoinfluencetoychoice

C．sexdifferenceistheonlyfactorinhuman’schoiceofplaythings

D．peoplechoosedifferenttoysindifferentcultures

推理判断题。

根据第四段最后一句“ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences”可知，这两位科学家的研究表明：

生物学因素也可能影响黑猩猩对玩具的偏好。

A项与原文中的“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeentheprimaryexplanation”不符，故排除；

C项过于绝对，D项文中未涉及。

8．Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________．

A．chimpanzeesusuallychooseplaythingsfortheirchildren

B．differentfactorscausehumansandchimpanzeestochoosedifferentplaythings

C．onlyfemalechimpanzeeshaveplaythings

D．bothhumansandchimpanzeeschoosetheirplaythingsduetosexdifference

综合文章内容可知，无论是人类还是黑猩猩，性别是导致玩具选择差异的重要原因。

故选D项。

C

AsthousandsofcommunitiesintheUSA—especiallyintheSouth—becameboominggatewaysforimmigrantfamiliesfromCentralandSouthAmericaduringthe1990sandtheearlyyearsofthenewcentury，publicschoolsstruggledwiththeunfamiliartaskofservingthelargenumbersofEnglishlearnersarrivingintheirclassrooms.

Educationprogramsneededtobebuilt_from_scratch“WehadnoteachingresourcessuitableforEnglishlearnersherebefore.Wehadtodevelopthemallourselves，”aTexasprincipalsaid.Throughoutthecountry，districtshadtotraintheirownteacherstoteachEnglishtononnativespeakersorrecruitteachersfromelsewhere.SchoolstaffmembershadtofigureouthowtocommunicatewithparentswhospokenoEnglish.

Butevenasimmigrationhasslowedorstoppedinmanyplaces，andinstructionalprogramsforEnglishlearnershavematured，servingimmigrantfamiliesandtheirchildrenremainsaworkinprogressinmanypublicschools，especiallythoseincommunitiesthatareskeptical，orsometimesunwelcoming，tothenewcomers.Oneofthebiggestchallengeseducatorsface，iscommunicatingeffectivelywithparentswhodon’tspeakEnglish—anissuethat，inpart，hascontributedtorecentcomplaintsofdiscriminationbyLatinostudentsinsomecities.

“Theparents’roleisveryimportantforthesuccessofthesestudents，butit’salsooneofthemostdifficultthingswe’vehadtotackle，”saidJimD．Rollins，thepresidentoftheSpringdaleschooldistrict，wherethe19，000studentschoolsystemhasgonefromhavingnoEnglishlearners15yearsagotomorethan7，500now.“Youhavetomakeitapriorityandworkonit，workonit，andworkonit.”

Asidefromthepracticalchallenges，suchasfindingbilingual（会说两种语言的）staffmembers，guidingdistrictsthroughsuchdramaticchangesrequiresschoolleaderstobridgedifficultpoliticalandculturaldivides.ForschoolleadersintheSouth，especiallyinthelastfewyears，thisdifficultjobhasbeenmadeharderstillbythenegativeattitudesofsomelocalstowardsimmigrants.

【文章大意】　随着大量移民涌入美国，公立学校的英语教学负担非常繁重。

文章就这一现象进行了详细的分析说明。

9．Theunderlinedpart“builtfromscratch”（inParagraph2）probablymeans“________”．

A．completelynew

B．painfultomake

C．basedonpastexperience

D．constructedgradually

词义猜测题。

联系下文语境可知，由于学校以前没有适合英语学习者的教学资源，所以他们必须通过自身努力去发掘资源，培养学生。

也就是说，教育课程需要从头做起，对他们来说是一个全新的工作。

故A项正确。

10．Whatisoneofthethingstheschoolleadershavedonetodealwiththeproblems?

A．ProvidemoreSpanishonlyclasses.

B．Invitemoreteachersfromotherplaces.

C．TraintheirteacherstospeakSpanish.

D．Usebilingualparentsasparttimeteachers.

根据第二段中的“Throughoutthecountry，districtshadtotraintheirownteacherstoteachEnglishtononnativespeakersorrecruitteachersfromelsewhere.”可知，就全国而言，地区必须培训自己的老师，或者从其他地方招聘教师来教那些母语非英语的外来移民们英语课程。

故B项正确。

11．Whatdoweknowabouttheimmigrantparents?

A．ManyofthemcannotspeakEnglish.

B．Mostofthemthinkeducationisnotimportant.

C．Someofthemfeelskepticalaboutthelocalcommunity.

D．FewofthemhaveattendedAmericanschools.

根据第二段最后一句“Schoolstaffmembershadtofigureouthowtoc