4 The Romantic period of American literature.docx

4 The Romantic period of American literature.docx

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4 TheRomanticperiodofAmericanliterature

I.Fillintheblanks.

1.Intheearly19thcenturyRipVanWinklehadestablished ’sreputationathomeandabroad,anddesignatedthebeginningofAmericanRomanticism.

2.Emerson’sfirstbookin1836 broughtAmericanRomanticismintoanewphase,thephaseofNewEnglandTranscendentalism.

3.Intheearly19thcentury,WashingtonIrvingwrote whichbecamethefirstworkbyanAmericanwritertowinfinancialsuccessonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.

4.In1828, publishedhisAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishlanguage.

5.In1755, publishedhisremarkabledictionarynamedDictionaryoftheEnglishlanguage.

6. ’spoemshavethemusicalqualityandromanticbeauty.TheRavenishisbest-knownpoem.

7. Thecivilwarof18661~1865endedinthedefeatoftheSouthernersandtheabolitionof .

8.TheAmericanTranscendentalistsformedaclubcalled .

9.TheTranscendentalCluboftenmetat ’shomeinConcord.

10.LeavesofGrass,eitherincontentorform,isanepoch-makingworkinAmericanliterature;itsdemocraticcontentmarkedtheshiftfromto,andits

frombrokefromoldpoeticconventionstoopenanewroadforAmericanpoetry.

11.wasregardedasthefirstgreatprosestylistofAmericanromanticism.

12.At19in1802begantowriteaseriesofsketchesoressaysonthetheatreandtheNewYorksociety,usingthenameofJonathanOldstyle.

13.InWashingtonIrving’sworkappearedthefirstmodernshortstoriesandthefirstgreatAmericanjuvenileliterature.

14.Inpairs,WashingtonIrvingmetJohnHowardPayne,theAmericandramatistandactor,withwhomIrvingwrotehisbrilliantsocialcomedy,orTheMerryMonarch.

15.In1823CooperJamesFenimorewroteThePioneers,thefirstofthefivenovelsthatmakeup.Theremainingfourbooks:

TheLastofMohicans（1826）,ThePrairie（1827）,ThePathfinder（1840）,andTheDeerslayer（1841）,continuethestoryofNattyBumppo,oneofthemostfamouscharactersinAmericanfiction.

16.TheshortstoryTheLegendofSleepyHollowistakenfromWashingtonIrving’sworknamed .

17.wasthefirstAmericantoachieveaninternationalliteraryreputationaftertheRevolutionaryWar.

18.isfamousforwritingstoriesabouttheseaandtheislandsoftheSouthernPacific.Inhismasterpiece,hetellsastoryofaWhalingvoyagewhichissetasymbolicaccountoftheconflictbetweenmanandhisfate.

19.WashingtonIrving’sfirstbookappearedin1809.Itwasentitled.

20.WashingtonIrvingalsowrotetwobiographies,oneisTheLifeofOliver

7

Goldsmith,andtheotheris.

21.ThefirstimportantAmericannovelistwas.

22. ’sRipVanWinkleisafantasytaleaboutamanwhosomehowsteppedoutsidethemainstreamoflife.

23.JamesFenimoreCooper’snovelwasarousingtaleaboutespionageagainsttheBritishduringtheRevolutionaryWar.

24.ThebestofJamesFenimoreCooper’ssearomanceswas.TheheroofthenovelrepresentsJohnPaulJones,thegreatnavalfighteroftheRevolutionaryWar.

25.ThecentralfigureintheLeatherstockingTalesis,whogoesbythevariousnamesofLeatherstocking,Deerslayer,PathfinderandHawkeye.

26. ToAWaterfowlisperhapsthepeakof’swork,ithasbeencalledbyaneminentEnglishcritic“themostperfectbriefpoeminthelanguage.”

27.WashingtonIrving’sworksarenumerous,buthismostsuccessfulworkisTheSketchBookOFGeoffreyCrayon,ofwhichthemostfamousandanthologizedare.

28. wasthefistAmericantogainthestatureofamajorpoetintheworldliterature.

29.AmongWilliamCullenBryant’smostimportantlaterworksarehistranslationsoftheIliadandtheintoEnglishblankverse.

30.EdgarAllanPoe’spoemisperhapsthebestexampleofonomatopoeiaintheEnglishlanguage.

31.Mostof’sstoriescanberoughlydividedintotwokinds:

talesofGothichorrororgrotesquelikeTheBlackCat,anincisiveenquiryintothecapacityofthehumanmindtooriginateitsowndestructionandTheFalloftheHouseofUsher;whiletheotherkindisstoriesofintellectorratiocinationsuchas.

32. EdgarAllanPoe’spoemwaspublishedin1845asthetitlepoemofacollection.

33. RalphEmersonwasresponsibleforbringingTranscendentalismtoNewEngland.

34. Emerson’struestdisciple,themanwhoputintopracticemanyofEmerson’stheories,wasHenryThoreau.

35.In1845,Thoreaubeganatwoyearresidenceat Pond.

36.Asuperbbook cameoutofThoreau’stwo-yearexperimentatWaldenPond.

37.FromThoreau’sConcordjailexperience,camehisfamousessay .

38.HesterPrynneistheheroineinHawthorne’snovel .

39. wasagreatAmericanTranscendentalistandrevolutionaryRomanticist,whosefirstbooknatureisthefundamentaldocumentofhisphilosophy.

40.In1850,NathanielHawthornebroughtouthismasterpiece ,thestoryofatriangularloveaffairincolonialAmerica.

41.HermanMelville’snovel isatremendouschronicleofawhalingvoyageinpursuitofaseeminglysupernaturalwhitewhale.

42.InIHearSinging, depictsthebeautyoflaborandlaborers.

43.HenryWadsworthLongfellow’sfirstcollectionofpoemsentitled appearedin1838.

44.ThemostscholarlyofHenryWadsworthLongfellow’swritingsishistranslationofDante’s.

45.BesideslyricsandlongerpoemsHenryWadsworthLongfellowwrotedramaticworks,amongwhichisthemostconspicuous.

46. HenryWadsworthLongfellowandaretheonlytwoAmericanpoetscommemoratedinthePoet’sCornerofWestminsterAbbey.

47. Forthewhole19thcenturywastheonlywomanpoetwhoenjoyshighacademicesteemtoday.Shehasbeenacclaimedasapoetofphilosophicalandtragicdimensions,apoetwhowasresponsivetothechallengingquestionsofman,natureandhumanconsciousness.

48.Afterhisdeath,becametheonlyAmericantobehonoredwithabustinthePoet’sCornerofWestminsterAbbey.

49.TheAmericanRomanticPeriodstretchesformtheendofthe18thcenturythroughtheoutburstofthe.

50. TheEnglishauthornamedwas,inaway,responsiblefortheromanticdescriptionoflandscapeinAmericanliteratureandthedevelopmentofAmericanIndianromance.HisWaverlynovelsweremodelsforAmericanhistoricalromance.

51.Publishedin1823,wasthefirstoftheLeatherstcokingTales,intheirorderofpublicationtime,andprobablythefirsttrueromanceofthefrontierinAmericanliterature.

52.InThePioneers,representstheidealAmerican,livingavirtuousandfreelifeinGod’sworld.

53. In1836,alittlebookcameoutwhichmadeatremendousimpactontheintellectuallifeofAmerica.ItwasentitledNatureby.

54.RalphWaldoEmerson’sessayhasbeenregardedas“AmericasDeclarationofIntellectualIndependence”.ItcalledonAmericanwriterstowriteaboutAmericainawaypeculiarlyAmerican.

55.AnotherrenownedNewEnglandTranscendentalistwas,afriendofRalphWaldoEmersonandhisjuniorbysome14years.

56. ThewayinwhichwroteTheScarletlettersuggeststhatAmericanRomanticismadapteditselftoAmericanpuritanmoralism.

57. HermanMelville’sworldclassicnovelMobyDickwasdedicatedto,anovelist.

58.Itissaidthatinhislateyears,HermanMelvillestoppedwritingnovelsandstoriesandturnedtopoetry,ishismostfamouspoeticwork.

59.HermanMelvilleisbestknownastheauthorofonebooknamed,whichis,criticshaveagreed,oneoftheworld’sgreatestmasterpieces.

Ⅱ.MultipleChoice.

1. In1837,thefirstcollege-levelinstitutionforwomen,MountHolyokeFemaleSeminary,openedin toservethe“muslinsex”.

A.NewEngland B.Virginia

C.Massachusetts D.NewYork

2.Transcendentaliststooktheirideasfrom .

A.theromanticliteratureinEurope

B.neo-Platonism

C.Germanidealisticphilosophy

D.therevelationsoforientalmysticism

E.Alloftheabove

3.Asaphilosophicalandliterarymovement, flourishedinNewEnglandformthe1830stotheCivilWar.

A.modernism B.rationalism

C.sentimentalism D.transcendentalism

4. Transcendentalistdoctrinesfoundtheirgreatestliteraryadvocatesin andThoreau.

A.Jefferson B.Emerson

C.Freneau D.Oversoul

5.Whowereregardedasthe“School-roomPoets”?

A.HenryWadsworthLongfellow B.JamesRussellLowell

C.OliverWendellHolmes D.JohnGreenleafWhittier

E.Alloftheabove

6.TheappearanceofTheScarletlettermarkedthematurityofNathanielHawthorneasanovelist.Soonhecomposedtheotherthreeimportantnovelsincluding,TheBlithedaleRomanceandTheMarbleFaun.

A.TheHouseoftheSevenGablesB.ThePrairie

C.TheFalloftheHouseofUsherD.Walden

7.wasthemostleadingspiritoftheTranscendentalClub.

A.Thoreau B.Emerson

C.Hawthorne D.Whitman

8.Transcendentalistsrecognized asthe“highestpowerofthesoul”.

A.intuition B.logic

C.dateofthesenses D.thinking

9.LedbyNathanielHawthorne,RalphWaldoEmersonand,therearoseakindofteachingoftranscendentalismintheearly19thcentury.

A.HermanMelville B.HenryDavidThoreau

C.MarkTwain D.TheodoreDreiser

10.TranscendentalismappealedtothosewhodisdainedthehashGodofthePuritanancestors,anditappealedtothosewhoscornedthepaledeityofNewEngland

.

A.Transcendentalism B.Humanism

C.Naturalism D.Unitarianism

11. Inearly19thcenturyAmerica,statesmensuchas ,cametodominateAmericanpoliticsnotwiththeirprosebutwiththeemotionalforceoftheiroratory.

A.DanielWebster B.DanielDefoe

C.PhilipFreneau D.ThomasPaine

12.Anew hadappearedinEnglandinthelastyearsofthe18thcentury.ItspreadtocontinentalEuropeandthencametoAmerica