学年江苏省如皋市高一上学期期末考试英语试题解析版Word格式.docx

学年江苏省如皋市高一上学期期末考试英语试题解析版Word格式.docx

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Howmuchtimeshouldyouspendontheseexercises?

Thomassaysyoudoalittleeveryday.“Whenyoumakethingsahabit,thenitjustpopsupintoyourmindwithoutthinkingandthen,beforeyouknowit,really,you’rethinkinginEnglish.”

1.Whenasecondlanguagebecomespartofyour“innerspeech”,________.

A.mostpeoplearoundyouspeakthelanguage

B.youstartthinkinginthelanguage

C.youtranslatethingsfromyournativelanguageintoit

D.youlearnthelanguagebyyourself

2.“TheplaceinsidewhereIputmycar”isanexamplefor________

A.namingobjectsinyoursurroundings

B.thinkinginsimplesentences

C.describingobjectsyoudon’tknowthewordsfor

D.describingyourdailyactivities

3.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Spendyourtimeonexercises

B.Teachyourselfasecondlanguage

C.TrainyourbraintothinkinEnglish

D.PracticeEnglishwhereveryouare

答案1.B2.C3.C

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了在语言环境中学习语言的重要性，并给出了具体的学习方法。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第一段中“Soitmaybecomepartofyour“innerspeech.”Inotherwords,youstartthinkinginthatlanguage.”可知，当第二种语言成为你“内在语言”的一部分时，你就会开始用这种语言思考。

故选B项。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。

根据第三段中“AnotherexerciseThomassuggestisdescribinginyourmindobjectsyoudon’tknowthewordsfor.”可知，此句是总述句，因此“TheplaceinsidewhereIputmycar”“我停车的地方”是用来支撑总述句“托马斯建议描述你的头脑中一些你不知道的东西”的例子。

故选C项。

【3题详解】

主旨大意题。

通过阅读全文可知，在一个大多数人都说你正在学习的语言的地方，你可以每天使用这种语言几个小时，然而大多数人不具备这样的条件，全文为这类人提供了具体的学习方法，目的要达到用这种语言进行思考。

所以C项TrainyourbraintothinkinEnglish“训练你的大脑用英语思考”作为文章的标题最能概括出全文主旨。

B

RobotshavetakenovermanyofAmerica’sfactories.Butcantheypickastrawberry?

“It’sreallyhardforrobotstomatchwhathumanscando,”saysBobPizter,anexpertonrobots.

Any4-year-oldkidcanpickastrawberry,butmachinescan’tseemtofigureitout.Piztersaysthehardestthingforthemisfindingthefruit.Pizter’sstrawberry-pickingrobotisrollingintoastrawberryfield.Thiswell-designeddevicedrivesitself.It’sasbigasabus,longenoughtostraddle（跨越）adozenrowsofstrawberriesatonce.Powerfulcomputersaresittingontop.Underneath,therearehigh-definitioncamerastofindtheberries,androboticclawsreadytopickthem.

“Nobody’stellingitwhattodo,”explainsPaulBissett,thechiefoperatingofficerofHarvestCROORobotics.“It’srememberingitspathdowntherow.It’srememberingwherealltheseplantsare.”Itknowsallthis,thankstothesuper-accurateGPS.Itscomputerbraincontainsamapshowingthelocationsofeverystrawberryplantinthefield.Theactionofmachineryistrulyimpressive,butthebasketsarestillpracticallyempty.Pitzersaystherobotsareabletofindandpickmorethan50percentofripeberries.That’snotyetuptohumanstandards.Atypicalworker,hesays,managestopickanywherefrom60to90percentoftheberries.Also,headmits,themachineisslowerthanhumanhands.Ontheotherhand,ithassomeadvantages.Itcanworkrightthroughthenight.Twoyearslater,hesays,thismachinewillbeinthefieldsworkingforreal.“Thereareweaknessestoworkout,butit’sgettingthere.We’reclose.”hesays.

Strawberrycompaniesareputtingmillionsofdollarsintothisproject.Thereason,GaryWishnatzki,theownerofWishFarmssays,isthatit’sgettingmoreandmoredifficulttofindenoughpeopletopickhisberries.“Thefactofthematteris,ifwedon’tsolvetheproblemofthislaborshortagewithautomation,theindustryisfacingabigchallengeahead.Thepriceoffruitisgoingtobemuchhigher,”JoseSantos,theleaderofthefarm,says.

Joseisprettyconvinced,though,thatpickingstrawberrieswillalwaysrequirepeople.Themachineswillbreakdown,hepointsout.Infact,he’slookingonthebrightside.“Youcouldaffordtogivepeopleadayoffifyouhavemachinesbehindyou,”hesays.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thestrawberry-pickingrobot__________.

A.canworkextrahoursB.reliesonGPSonlytofindberries

C.runsonpetroljustlikeabusD.picksbothripeandunripeberries

5.Whatdopeoplementionedinthepassagethinkofthestrawberry-pickingrobot?

A.Itwillleadtothepriceofstrawberriesrising.

B.Itkeepshumanworkersworkingthroughnight.

C.Itisnotveryefficientatthemomentbutpromising.

D.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofhumanworkers.

6.Weknowfromthearticlethat__________.

A.robotshavebeenwidelyusedinfarming

B.itseemshardforrobotstoexactlylocatestrawberriesnow

C.robotscansurelyperformanyworkbetterthanhumanworkers

D.withthehelpofrobots,strawberrycompanieshavealreadyearnedmuch

7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Theworkingprincipleofstrawberry-pickingrobots.

B.Farmers’expectationsforstrawberry-pickingrobots.

C.Thepresentstateofstrawberry-pickingrobots.

D.Thedifferencesbetweenhumansandstrawberry-pickingrobots.

答案4.A5.C6.B7.C

文章介绍了摘草莓机器人的目前的优点和缺点：

效率不高，但可以长时间工作，其缺点也可以改进。

未来需求大，前景广阔。

【4题详解】

根据第三段中的“Itcanworkrightthroughthenight.”可知，机器人可以整夜工作。

A（它可以加班）表达此意。

故选A。

【5题详解】

根据第三段中的“Pitzersaystherobotsareabletofindandpickmorethan50percentofripeberries.That’snotyetuptohumanstandards.Atypicalworker,hesays,managestopickanywherefrom60to90percentoftheberries.Also,headmits,themachineisslowerthanhumanhands.”可知，摘草莓的机器人比人手慢，没有达到人类采摘草莓的标准。

由此可以推知，它效率不高。

根据第三段中的“Ontheotherhand,ithassomeadvantages.Itcanworkrightthroughthenight.Twoyearslater,hesays,thismachinewillbeinthefieldsworkingforreal.“Thereareweaknessestoworkout,butit’sgettingthere.We’reclose.”hesays.”可知，这种机器人有弱点需要克服，但这些弱点很快就会被克服。

这种机器人非常有前景。

两年之后，就会被投入使用。

我们离此目标不远了。

由此推知，综上，C（它目前不是很有效，但很有前途）表达此意。

故选C。

【6题详解】

根据第三段中的“It’srememberingitspathdowntherow.It’srememberingwherealltheseplantsare.”Itknowsallthis,thankstothesuper-accurateGPS.Itscomputerbraincontainsamapshowingthelocationsofeverystrawberryplantinthefield.Theactionofmachineryistrulyimpressive,butthebasketsarestillpracticallyempty.Pitzersaystherobotsareabletofindandpickmorethan50percentofripeberries.That’snotyetuptohumanstandards.”可知，由于超级精确的GPS，机器人知道所有草莓的位置。

机器的作用确实令人印象深刻，但篮子实际上仍然是空的。

Pitzer说，机器人能够发现和采摘超过50%的成熟浆果。

这还没有达到人类的标准。

由此推知，虽然机器人配备有精确的GPS，但实际上，它们并不能精确地定位草莓的位置，从而导致采摘率不高。

故选B。

【7题详解】

第一段直接了当的提出：

机器人真的很难达到人类采摘草莓的水平。

第二段和第三段主要介绍了草莓采摘机器人的特点和优缺点（效率不高，但可以长时间工作）。

最后两段对草莓采摘机器人前景的展望（未来需求大，前景广阔）。

结合选项，C（草莓采摘机器人的现状）最能概括主题。

C

Rumors（谣言）:

we’veallheardsomeandwe’veallspreadsome.Inmoretraditionaltimestheyshookentirefamilies.Today,theytraveldifferentlybecausethewayweshareinformationhasalsochanged.

Thefactisthatrumorshavegreatpotentialtoupsetthings,whethersociallyorpersonally.Wedon’tenjoybeingonthereceivingendofone,sincetheyusuallydon’thavegoodintentions.Theyaresomewhatveiled（掩饰的）messages.

Normallyrumorsareoralmessages:

wordofmouth.Theparadox（自相矛盾）isthatthereisnoevidencetosupportrumors,butthemorepeopleshareit,themoretheyseeitastrue.Tofinishexplainingrumors,wethinkthattheyfollowcertainveryclearlaws.Secrecy:

Thesourceisunknown.Thereisalsoaprovenphenomenonthathumanbeingsusuallyforgetthesourceofamessagebeforetheyforgetitscontent.Certainty:

Wehardlyquestionrumorssimplybecauseofthementaleffortinvolved.Ontheotherhand,noonelikestodoubtapersonwhoconvincesusthattheinformationtheyspreadistrue.Change:

Itactslikeatree.Newrumorsbranchouttofillinthegapsleftbythefirstrumor.

Anotherproperty（属性）ofrumorsisthattheytendtobecomeviral.Eachreceiverisatthesametimeapotentialtransmitter（传输者）oftheinformation.Thereceiveroftenaddstheirownopinion.Theirmannerandtoneoftransmittingitalsochangesit.

Howcanweendrumors?

Theanswerisassimpleasitisimpossible:

preventingpeoplefromcommunicating.Amorerealisticresponseisequallydifficult,alt